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100 results for “Ornithology”
Figure 12 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 12. Eucometis penicillata photographed at Coluna Prestes, Diamante d'Oeste County. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 11 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 11. Spectrogram of the vocalization (after playback) of an individual of Myiothlypis flaveola recorded at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County.
Figure 13 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 13. Male Sporophila palustris photographed at the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná campus, city of Santa Helena. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 9 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 9. Casiornis rufus photographed at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 8 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 8. Individual of Campylorhamphus trochilirostris photographed on the UniversidadeFederaldoParanácampus, cityofPalotina. Photo:AndréRüdiger.
Figure 6 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 6. Three of the six Amazona vinacea individuals photographed at the UniversidadeTecnológica Federal do Paraná campus, city of Santa Helena (WA4249943). Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 7 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 7. Female Herpsilochmus longirostris photographed at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 5 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 5. Male Laterallus exilis (UTFPR-56) in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views registered at the UniversidadeTecnológica Federal do Paraná campus, city of Santa Helena.
Figure 10 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 10. Campylorhynchus turdinus photographed in the city of Santa Helena. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 1 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 1. Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area in relation to the state of Paraná (A) and the counties of Diamante d'Oeste and Santa Helena (B). Green indicates remaining vegetation of over 50 ha.
Figure 3 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 3. Accumulation curve of aquatic species recorded on the margins of the Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County.
Figure 4 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 4. Individual of Busarellus nigricollis photographed at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena county. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 2 in Avifauna of the upper Purus River: relevant records for an area lacking ornithological surveys
Figure 2. Phytophysiognomies of the study area:(A) várzea forest,upper Purus River,(B) terra firme forest with habitats dominated by bamboo,(C) terra firme forest with low bamboo and palms density (Photos: Diogo C. Casanova, Casa da Floresta collection) and (D) terra firme forest with habitats dominated by palms (Photo: Edson Guilherme).
Elevational niche-shift migration: Why the degree of elevational change matters for the ecology, evolution, and physiology of migratory birds to ornithology
<p>Elevational migration can be defined as roundtrip seasonal movement that involves upward and downward shifts in elevation. These shifts incur physiological challenges that are proportional to the degree of elevational change. Larger shifts in elevation correspond to larger shifts in partial pressure of oxygen, air density, temperature, and UV exposure. Although most avian examples of elevational migration involve subtle shifts that would have minimal impacts on physiology, shifts of <i>any magnitude</i> have previously been considered under the broad umbrella of 'elevational migration'. Here, we consider extreme seasonal elevational movements (≥2000 m), sufficient to shift the elevational dimension of the eco-climatic niche. Migratory bird populations typically maintain inter-seasonal stability in the temperature, precipitation, and elevational aspects of their climatic niches, a tendency that likely reflects genetic physiological specialization on environmental conditions such as atmospheric pressure. A shift of ≥2000 m involves a ≥20% change in air density and oxygen partial pressure, sufficient to incur functionally impactful declines in arterial blood-oxygen saturation and require compensatory shifts in respiratory physiology. We refer to this phenomenon as elevational niche-shift migration (ENSM). In this review, we analyzed >4 million occurrence records to identify 105 populations, representing 92 bird species, that undergo complete or partial ENSM. We identified key ecological and evolutionary questions regarding causes and consequences of ENSM. Our synthesis reveals that ENSM has evolved independently in at least 29 avian families spanning 10 orders. Nonetheless, ENSM is rare relative to other forms of seasonal migration, consistent with the general tendency of seasonal niche conservatism by migratory species and evolutionarily conserved elevational range limits. For many migratory species and populations, within-species patterns of migratory connectivity are not sufficiently understood to determine ENSM status. ENSM is distinguished by its scale within the broader phenomenon of elevational migration. Critical examination of ENSM illustrates fundamental constraints on the ecology and evolution of migration systems, topographical influences on geographic patterns of migratory connectivity, and the remarkable metabolic flexibility of certain bird species that allows them to occupy disparate elevations across different seasons.</p>
FIGURES 1–4 in The ' foremost ornithological mystery of Costa Rica': Amazilia alfaroana Underwood, 1896
FIGURES 1–4. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views, plus close-up of the crown of the holotype of Amazilia alfaroana, NHMUK 1898.3.12.13, collected on the Volcán de Miravalles, Cordillera de Guanacaste, north-west Costa Rica, 10 September 1895 (Guy M. Kirwan, © Natural History Museum, London)
FIGURES 7–8 in The ' foremost ornithological mystery of Costa Rica': Amazilia alfaroana Underwood, 1896
FIGURES 7–8. Dorsal and ventral views of two specimens of Steely-vented Hummingbird Amazilia saucerottei hoffmanni (on left), from Costa Rica, compared to the holotype of Amazilia alfaroana (Guy M. Kirwan, © Natural History Museum, London)
FIGURE 2 in Nomenclatural and taxonomic status of bird taxa (Aves) described by an ornithological swindler, Josef Prokop Pražák (1870 – 1904)
FIGURE 2. Pražák's dedication of his paper on tit systematics (Pražák 1894f) to Antonín Frič; undated. Library of the Department of Zoology, National Museum, Praha (90.VIII.758). Enlarged.
FIGURE 2 in Nomenclatural issues in ornithology: the incredible controversy on the identity of a long overlooked Brazilian bird
FIGURE 2. Maps based on known collecting localities for all the Brazilian species of Scytalopus. Environmental suitability for each one of the six species was estimated through ecological niche modeling, where warmer colors (red) indicate higher suitability. The original collecting locality of the type specimen of S. speluncae is indicated with a black triangle, but that locality was excluded from all of the analysis. A: light-grey taxon described in 2010 as S. petrophilus; B: dark-grey taxon described in 2006 as S. notorius; C: S. diamantinensis; D: S. iraiensis; E: S. novacapitalis; F: S. pachecoi. Abbreviations of the names of Brazilian states indicated in figure C are as follows: BA: Bahia; ES: Espírito Santo; GO: Goiás; MG: Minas Gerais; PR: Paraná; RJ: Rio de Janeiro; RS: Rio Grande do Sul; SC: Santa Catarina; SP: São Paulo. Brasília, the type locality of S. novacapitalis, is the square in the state of Goiás.
FIGURE 1 in Nomenclatural issues in ornithology: the incredible controversy on the identity of a long overlooked Brazilian bird
FIGURE 1. Map of Eastern Brazil with collecting localities of the species of Scytalopus (based on data from Maurício et al., 2010). Purple circle, S. diamantinensis Bornschein, Maurício, Belmonte-Lopes, Mata & Bonatto, 2007; light-blue circle, S. iraiensis Bornschein, Reinert & Pichorim, 1998; white circle, S. novacapitalis Sick, 1958, grey circle, S. pachecoi Maurício, 2005. The type locality where the original specimen of S. speluncae (Ménétriés, 1835) was obtained is indicated with a black triangle. Collecting localities of the dark-grey form recently described as S. notorius Raposo, Stopiglia, Loskot & Kirwan, 2006 is indicated with dark-blue circles and the light-grey form recently described as S. petrophilus Whitney, Vasconcelos, Silveira & Pacheco, 2010 is indicated with olive-green squares. Either S. notorius or S. petrophilus is a subjective junior synonym of S. speluncae. Habitat elevation is indicated in intervals of 400m with dark green being ground level and up to 400m.
Supplementary material 1 from: Osváth G, Papp E, Benkő Z, Kovács Z (2022) The ornithological collection of the Zoological Museum of Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania – Part 1: the catalogue of bird skin specimens. ZooKeys 1102: 83-106. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1102.79102
The catalogue of bird skin specimens held by the Zoological Museum of Babeş- Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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