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109 results for “Ponto-Caspian”
Fig. 2 in Protocol Optimization For Genomic Dna Extraction And Rapd-Pcr Of Alien Ponto-Caspian Amphipod Pontogammarus Robustoides
Fig. 2. RAPD fingerprints results from different samples of Pontogammarus robustoides with primers OPA-02 (1-12 runners- different samples of Pontogammarus robustoides; K- control) using RAPD-PCR 10 × Taq buffer with KCl.
Figure 4 in First records of two formerly overlooked Ponto-Caspian amphipods from Turkey: Echinogammarus trichiatus (Martynov, 1932) and Dikerogammarus villosus (Sovinsky, 1894)
Figure 4. Morphological features of the Echinogammarus trichiatus. A1 - antenna I; A2 - antenna II; G1 - gnathopod I; P3 - pereiopod III; P7 - pereiopod VII; U3 - uropod III; UR - urosome (after Cărăușu, 1943, modified).
Figure 2 in First records of two formerly overlooked Ponto-Caspian amphipods from Turkey: Echinogammarus trichiatus (Martynov, 1932) and Dikerogammarus villosus (Sovinsky, 1894)
Figure 2. Morphological features of Dikerogammarus villosus: A1 - antenna I; A2 - antenna II; G1 - gnathopod I; P3 - pereiopod III; P7 - pereiopod VII; U3 - uropod III; UR - urosome (after Cărăușu, 1943, modified).
Figure 5 in First records of two formerly overlooked Ponto-Caspian amphipods from Turkey: Echinogammarus trichiatus (Martynov, 1932) and Dikerogammarus villosus (Sovinsky, 1894)
Figure 5. Neighbor-joining tree based on COI p-distances for haplotypes of Echinogammarus trichiatus and Echinogammarus ischnus. Gammarus fossarum was used as an outgroup. Only bootstrap supports above 50% were reported. Bold indicates haplotypes coming from Lake Durusu, obtained in this study.
FIGURE 7 in New Miocene fossil taxa illuminate the evolution and paleobiogeography of the Ponto-Caspian gammaroid amphipod radiation
FIGURE 7 †Eogmelina moldavica gen. et sp. nov. next to a fossilized alga (inventory No. 8240, Vlădiceni quarry). Scale bar = 5 mm.
Fig.1 in Testing The Microsatellites-Pcr Markers For Genetic Diversity Research Of Alien Ponto-Caspian Amphipod Pontogammarus Robustoides G. O. Sars, 1894
Fig.1. Localities of sampling sities in the Latvian reservoirs.
Fig.1 in Protocol Optimization For Genomic Dna Extraction And Rapd-Pcr Of Alien Ponto-Caspian Amphipod Pontogammarus Robustoides
Fig.1. Localities of sampling sities in the Latvian reservoirs.
Figure 1 in First records of two formerly overlooked Ponto-Caspian amphipods from Turkey: Echinogammarus trichiatus (Martynov, 1932) and Dikerogammarus villosus (Sovinsky, 1894)
Figure 1. Sampling site in Lake Durusu.
Data from: Migration and isolation during the turbulent Ponto-Caspian Pleistocene create high diversity in the crustacean Paramysis lacustris
The Ponto-Caspian brackish-water fauna inhabits estuaries and rivers of the Black, Azov and Caspian seas and is fragmented by higher salinity waters and a major interbasin watershed. The fauna is known for the high levels of endemism, complex zoogeographic histories, and as a recent source of successful invasive species. It remains debated whether the Black and Azov Sea brackish-water populations survived unfavourable Pleistocene conditions in multiple separate refugia or whether the two seas were (repeatedly) recolonized from the Caspian. Using microsatellite and mtDNA markers, we demonstrate deep among- and within-basin subdivisions in a widespread Ponto-Caspian mysid crustacean Paramysis lacustris. Five genetic clusters were identified, but their relationships did not reflect the geography of the region. The Azov cluster was the most distinct (4–5% COI divergence), despite its geographic position in the corridor between Black and Caspian seas, and may represent a new species. In the northern Black Sea area, the Dnieper cluster was closer to the Caspian cluster than to the neighbouring Danube–Dniester–Bug populations, suggesting separate colonizations of the Black Sea. Overall, the data implied a predominant gene flow from the east to the Black Sea and highlight the importance of Caspian Sea transgressions in facilitating dispersal. Yet, the presence of distinct lineages in the Black Sea points to the persistence of isolated refugial populations that have gained diagnostic differences under presumably high mutation rates and large population sizes. The unfavourable Pleistocene periods in the Black Sea therefore appear to have promoted diversification of the brackish-water lineages, rather than extirpated them.
FIGURE 5. Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky, 1882 in Diversity within the Ponto-Caspian Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky sensu lato revisited: P. bakuensis G. O. Sars restored (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae)
FIGURE 5. Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky, 1882: (a–c) ♂, Dagestan; (a) head; (b) penis, medial view; (c) pleopod IV, dorsal view; (d) lectotype, subadult ♂, endopod of uropod (without setae and statocyst), ventral view. Scales: (a) 1 mm, (b), (c), (d) 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 7. Paramysis bakuensis G.O. Sars, 1895 in Diversity within the Ponto-Caspian Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky sensu lato revisited: P. bakuensis G. O. Sars restored (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae)
FIGURE 7. Paramysis bakuensis G.O. Sars, 1895: (a, c) lectotype, subadult Ψ; (b, d–g) Ψ, Volga delta; (a) telson (terminal spine-setae missing); (b) telson, distal part; (c) antennal scale, dorsal view; (d) exopod of maxilla II, caudal view; (e) pereiopod I, frontal view; (f) pereiopod VI, frontal view; (g) dactylus of pereiopod VI, frontal view. Scales: (a) 1 mm, (b), (c), (e), (f), (g) 0.5 mm, (d) 0.25 mm.
FIGURE 6. Paramysis bakuensis G.O. Sars, 1895 in Diversity within the Ponto-Caspian Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky sensu lato revisited: P. bakuensis G. O. Sars restored (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae)
FIGURE 6. Paramysis bakuensis G.O. Sars, 1895: (a, c–e) lectotype, subadult Ψ; (b) Ψ, Volga delta, head; (a) total view; (c) maxillipede I, frontal view; (d) maxillipede II, frontal view; (e) pereiopod I (setae and dactylus missing), frontal view. Scales: (a), (b) 1 mm, (c), (d), (e) 0.25 mm.
FIGURE 3. Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky, 1882 in Diversity within the Ponto-Caspian Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky sensu lato revisited: P. bakuensis G. O. Sars restored (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae)
FIGURE 3. Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky, 1882, lectotype, subadult ♂: (a) mandibular palp, medial view; (b) maxilla I, frontal view; (c) maxillipede I, frontal view; (d) maxillipede II, frontal view. Scales 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 4. Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky, 1882 in Diversity within the Ponto-Caspian Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky sensu lato revisited: P. bakuensis G. O. Sars restored (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae)
FIGURE 4. Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky, 1882, lectotype, subadult ♂: (a) telson; (b) antennal scale (without setae); (c) maxilla II, frontal view; (d) pereiopod I, frontal view; (e) pereiopod VI, frontal view; (f) dactylus of pereiopod VI, frontal view. Scales: (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) 0.5 mm, (f) 0.25 mm.
Fig. 10 in Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review
Fig. 10 Examples of evolutionary convergent patterns in body armature of species inhabiting various ancient lakes. (a) Axelboeckia spinosa (Caspian Sea, redrawn after Sars (1894b)), (b) Acanthogammarus lappaceus (Lake Baikal, redrawn after Daneliya et al. (2011)), (c) Issykogammarus hamatus (Lake Issyk-Kul, redrawn after Chevreux (1908)) and (d) Hyalella armata (Lake Titicaca, redrawn after González and Coleman (2002))
Fig. 9 in Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review
Fig. 9 Examples of putative ecomorphological convergence of Ponto-Caspian and distantly related oceanic taxa. PontoCaspian species are shown with a green star. (a) Symbiotic ecomorph adapted to piercing various organic substrates (redrawn from Derzhavin (1948) and Lorz et al. (2010)), (b) digger ecomorph adapted for digging and burrowing in fine substrates (redrawn from Sars (1895) and Barnard (1967)), (c) clinger ecomorph adapted to cling on algal and vegetal substrates (redrawn from Sars (1896)) and (d) crawler ecomorph adapted to a generalist lifestyle, usually hiding in coarse stony substrates (redrawn from Sars (1896) and Garcia-Madrigal (2010)). The phylogenetic tree is a timecalibrated molecular phylogeny of Amphipoda modified after CopilaȘ-Ciocianu et al. (2020a)
Fig. 7 in Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review
Fig. 7 Depth ranges structured by taxonomic composition. The inset graph depicts the number of species occurring in 50 m depth intervals
Fig. 8 in Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review
Fig. 8 Boxplots comparing selected traits among the four proposed ecomorphs. PC1 refers to the first principal component resulting from the PCA analysis. It mainly describes the gradient from slender bodies with long antennae (negative values) to stout bodies with short antennae (positive values). All traits except body length and PC1 values are presented relative to total body length
Fig. 5 in Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review
Fig. 5 (a) PCA scatterplot depicting the morphological gradients along the first two axes. Genera represented by at least three data points are shown with a uniquely colored convex hull and dots. Monotypic genera are depicted with various black symbols and shapes. (b) The same PCA as in (a) but with convex hulls delineating putative ecomorphs. Asterisks indicate morph centroid. For each morph, a representative species is shown. The pie charts indicate the proportion of species occurring on various substrates within each ecomorph
Fig. 4 in Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review
Fig. 4 Habitus and morphological diversity of the endemic Ponto-Caspian gammaroid radiation. Caspicola knipovitschi and Zernovia volgensis are shown to scale in circles and enlarged outside the circles. All images are redrawn after the original
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