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447 results for “Potassium”
Interaction of the inhibitory peptides ShK and HmK with the voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.3: Role of conformational dynamics
<p><strong>ABSTRACT: </strong>Peptide toxins that adopt the ShK fold can inhibit the voltage-gated potassium channel K<sub>V</sub>1.3 with IC<sub>50</sub> values in the pM range, and are therefore potential leads for drugs targeting autoimmune and neuroinflammatory diseases. NMR relaxation measurements and pressure-dependent NMR have shown that, despite being cross-linked by disulfide bonds, ShK itself is flexible in solution. This flexibility affects the local structure around the pharmacophore for K<sub>V</sub>1.3 channel blockade and, in particular, the relative orientation of the key Lys and Tyr side chains (Lys22 and Tyr23 in ShK), and has implications for the design of K<sub>V</sub>1.3 inhibitors. In this study, we have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on ShK and a close homolog, HmK, in order to probe the conformational space occupied by the Lys and Tyr residues, and docked the different conformations with a recently determined cryo-EM structure of the K<sub>V</sub>1.3 channel. Although ShK and HmK have 60% sequence identity, their dynamic behaviors are quite different, with ShK sampling a broad range of conformations over the course of a 5 μs MD simulation, while HmK is relatively rigid. We also investigated the importance of conformational dynamics, in particular the distance between the side chains of the key dyad Lys22 and Tyr23, for binding to K<sub>V</sub>1.3. Although these peptides have quite different dynamics, the dyad in both adopts a similar configuration upon binding, revealing a conformational selection upon binding to K<sub>V</sub>1.3 in the case of ShK. Intriguingly, the more flexible peptide, ShK, binds with nearly 300-fold higher affinity than HmK.</p>
Dynamic viscosity of liquid potassium at different temperatures
<p><strong>Dynamic viscosity of liquid potassium at different temperatures</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>Potassium metal is soft and white with a silvery lustre, has a low melting point, and is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Potassium imparts a lavender colour to a flame, and its vapour is green. The potassium content of the Dead Sea is estimated at approximately 1.7 percent potassium chloride, and many other salty bodies of water are rich in potassium. The waste liquors from certain saltworks may contain up to 40 grams per litre of potassium chloride and are used as a source of potassium. Most potassium is present in igneous rocks, shale, and sediment in minerals such as muscovite and orthoclase feldspar that are insoluble in water; this makes potassium difficult to obtain. As a result, most commercial potassium compounds are obtained via electrolysis from soluble potassium compounds, such as carnallite, sylvite, polyhalite, and langbeinite, which are found in ancient lake beds and seabeds. Potassium is produced by sodium reduction of molten potassium chloride. Molten potassium chloride is continuously fed into a packed distillation column while sodium vapour is passed up through the column. By condensation of the more volatile potassium at the top of the distillation tower. Efforts to devise a scheme for commercial electrolytic production of potassium have been unsuccessful because there are few salt additives that can reduce the melting point of potassium chloride to temperatures where electrolysis is efficient. There is little commercial demand for potassium metal itself, and most of it is converted by direct combustion in dry air to potassium superoxide, which is used in respiratory equipment because it liberates oxygen and removes carbon dioxide and water vapour.</p> <p>Temperature (degrees Celsius), Dynamic viscosity (grams per meter per second)</p> <p>100 0.441</p> <p>150 0.358</p> <p>200 0.303</p> <p>250 0.263</p> <p>300 0.234</p> <p>350 0.211</p> <p>400 0.193</p> <p>450 0.178</p> <p>500 0.166</p> <p>550 0.155</p> <p>600 0.146</p> <p>650 0.138</p> <p>700 0.132</p> <p>750 0.126</p> <p>800 0.12</p> <p>850 0.115</p> <p>900 0.111</p> <p>950 0.107</p> <p>1000 0.104</p> <p>1050 0.101</p> <p>1100 0.098</p> <p>1150 0.095</p> <p>1200 0.092</p> <p>1250 0.09</p> <p>1300 0.088</p> <p>1350 0.086</p> <p>1400 0.084</p> <p>1450 0.082</p> <p>1500 0.081</p> <p>1550 0.079</p> <p>1600 0.078</p> <p>1650 0.076</p> <p>1700 0.075</p> <p>1750 0.074</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
Supporting Data for "Why Half‐Cell Samples Provide Limited Insight Into the Aging Mechanisms of Potassium Batteries"
<p>This dataset provides the raw data to the manuscript</p> <p><strong>"Why Half‐Cell Samples Provide Limited Insight Into the Aging Mechanisms of Potassium Batteries"</strong></p> <p>published in Advanced Energy Materials, <strong>2024</strong>, DOI 10.1002/aenm.202403811</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202403811">Link to Publisher</a></p> <p> </p> <p>Comments:</p> <ul> <li>HAXPES synchrotron data is provided as IGOR file (IGOR Pro (v6.37, WaveMaterics Inc.). The file contains the original 2D data and the converted 1D datasets used for analysis</li> <li>In-House XPS data is provided with corresponding peak fits as excel spreadsheet</li> <li>peak data (binding energy (after referencing), intensity, area, FWHM and at.%) is provided in separate excel spreadsheet.</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Supplementary Table S1. Combined analysis of variance containing the degrees of freedom (DF), mean squares (MS), P value (P val.), mean, coefficient of experimental variation (CEV%) and selective accuracy (SA) for the traits of luminosity (L*), chromaticity a* (a*), chromaticity b* (b*), grain length (length, mm), grain width (width, mm), grain thickness (thickness, mm), mass of 100 grains (Mass, g), normal grains (Ng, %), water absorption (absorption, %), cooking time (Ct, min:s), and concentrations of potassium (K, g kg-1 dry matter - DM), phosphorus (P, g kg-1 DM), calcium (Ca, g kg-1 DM), magnesium (Mg, g kg-1 DM), iron (Fe, mg kg-1 DM), zinc (Zn, mg kg-1 DM), and copper (Cu, mg kg-1 DM) obtained in 25 common bean cultivars evaluated in four experiments carried out from 2019 to 2021
<p><strong><span>Table S1.</span></strong><span> Combined analysis of variance.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Indirect selection for multiple technological and nutritional traits in common bean cultivars under different degrees of multicollinearity</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span>Bragantia, 2024.</span></strong></p>
Data for: ASC oligomer favors caspase-1 CARD domain recruitment after intracellular potassium efflux
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Signaling through the inflammasome is important for the inflammatory response. Low concentrations of intracellular K<sup>+</sup>are associated with the specific oligomerization and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a type of inflammasome involved in sterile inflammation. After NLRP3 oligomerization, ASC protein binds and forms oligomeric filaments that culminate in large protein complexes named ASC specks. ASC specks are also initiated from different inflammasome scaffolds, such as AIM2, NLRC4 or Pyrin. ASC oligomers recruit caspase-1 and then induce its activation through interactions between their respective caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARD). So far ASC oligomerization and caspase-1 activation are K<sup>+</sup>-independent processes. Here we found that, when there is low intracellular K<sup>+</sup>, ASC oligomers change their structure independently of NLRP3 and make the ASC<sup>CARD</sup> domain more accessible for the recruitment of the pro-caspase-1<sup>CARD</sup> domain. Therefore, conditions that decrease intracellular K<sup>+</sup> not only drive NLRP3 responses but also enhance the recruitment of pro-caspase-1 CARD domain into the ASC specks.</span></p>
Study of the Effect of SZC on Serum Potassium and Serum Bicarbonate in Patients With Hyperkalemia and Metabolic Acidosis Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04727528. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
IMMEDIATE Trial - Out of Hospital Administration of Glucose, Insulin and Potassium.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00091507. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
Efficacy of Potassium Citrate in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteopenia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02731820. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
A Study to Test Whether ZS (Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate) Can Reduce the Incidence of Increased Blood Potassium Levels Among Dialized Patients.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03303521. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 2.
Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of SZC for the Management of High Potassium in Patients With Symptomatic HFrEF Receiving Spironolactone
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04676646. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 8. Publications: 2.
Comparison of Electrodessication, Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) Laser and Pulsed Dye Laser for Treatment of Cherry Angiomata
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00791908. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Licorice and Hydrochlorothiazide on Plasma Potassium
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00605202. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Potassium Reduction Initiative to Optimize RAAS Inhibition Therapy With Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate in Heart Failure
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03532009. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 9. Publications: 1.
Effect of Potassium Bicarbonate Supplementation on Bone and Muscle in Older Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00357214. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
The Effects of Potassium Citrate on Bone Metabolism
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00357331. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
A Study to Evaluate a Potassium Normalization Treatment Regimen Including Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate (ZS) Among Patients With S-K ≥5.8
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03337477. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 1.
The Effects of Patiromer on Serum Potassium Level and Gut Microbiome of ESRD Patients With Hyperkalemia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03326583. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Comparison of Potassium Binders in the ER
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04585542. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Value of Liquid Potassium Magnesium Citrate in Controlling Hypertension
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02653560. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
The Effects of Potassium on Glucose Metabolism in African Americans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02236598. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
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