Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 6 in Detection of Spirocerca lupi and an unknown Trichinella-like nematode in raccoon (Procyon lotor)

Fig. 6. Larvae in striated musculature of raccoon by trichinoscopy. Note the absence of a visible capsule (Original magnification A: 25 x).

Fig. 1. A in Detection of Spirocerca lupi and an unknown Trichinella-like nematode in raccoon (Procyon lotor)

Fig. 1. A: Origin of animals used for this study and the origin of the Trichinella-like infected individual (red dot). B [reproduced from Hagag et al. (2022)]: average yearly regional hunting bags during seasons 2014/15 to 2017/18 (harvested Individuals/100 ha). All regions with high regional hunting bags are represented in this study. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 2 in Detection of Spirocerca lupi and an unknown Trichinella-like nematode in raccoon (Procyon lotor)

Fig. 2. Trichinella-like nematode larva: several hundreds of these larvae occurred during trichinella investigation.

Fig. 4 in Surveys on Baylisascaris procyonis in two of the three French wild raccoon populations

Fig. 4. Results of the analysis of the population genetic structure of raccoon roundworms in north-western Europe. The three genetic clusters were inferred by the program BAPS, taking geographic coordinates into account. Different colors represent different genetic populations. Pie charts represent the genetic populations of origin of the individuals and their size is indicative of the number of samples included. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4 in Evidence of predation pressure on sensitive species by raccoons based on parasitological studies

Fig. 4. Presentation of 4 parasite species not found in the original habitat of raccoons (Brachylaima mesostoma, Euryhelmis squamula, Physocephalus sexalatus, Isthmiophora melis), their lifecycles and how the raccoon takes over the role as final host within the new environment. IH = Intermediate host, L = larval stage.

Fig. 1 in Surveys on Baylisascaris procyonis in two of the three French wild raccoon populations

Fig. 1. Distribution of the raccoons sampled in zone A (program 1 green dots and program 2 purple dots), zone B (program 3, orange dots) and zone C (program 4, in pink dots). The red star-spot correspond to the raccoon found infected by Baylisascaris procyonis. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 3 in Evidence of predation pressure on sensitive species by raccoons based on parasitological studies

Fig. 3. Depiction of the Frequency of occurrence (F%) of prey from surveyed raccoons, Percentages mean: "Prey category found in XX% of raccoon stomachs".

Fig. 3 in Surveys on Baylisascaris procyonis in two of the three French wild raccoon populations

Fig. 3. Factorial correspondence analysis of the microsatellite-based genetic profiles of raccoons and raccoon roundworms from northwestern Europe. A) Raccoon populations were pre-defined based on the clustering results generated by the spatial version of program BAPS (see Fig. 2). Different colors represent different genetic populations. The colors and the populations correspond to those illustrated on the map in Fig. 2. The six animals that each formed a distinct genetic cluster were omitted from the plot. The percentage of the total variation explained by each of the three axes is indicated. B) Raccoon roundworm populations were pre-defined based on the clustering results generated by the spatial version of program BAPS (see Fig. 3A). Different colors represent different genetic populations. The colors and the populations correspond to those illustrated on the map in Fig. 4. The percentage of the total variation explained by each of the three axes is indicated. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 2 in Evidence of predation pressure on sensitive species by raccoons based on parasitological studies

Fig. 2. Light micrographs of different endoparasite species showing the general morphology of the identified parasites in the investigated raccoons; A/B: Isthmiophora melis; C: Brachylaima mesostoma; D: Echinorhynchus truttae; E/F: Polymorphus minutus; G: Hymenolepis erinacei; H: Physocephalus sexalatus.

Fig. 2 in Surveys on Baylisascaris procyonis in two of the three French wild raccoon populations

Fig. 2. Results of the analysis of the population genetic structure of raccoons in north-western Europe. The 11 genetic clusters were inferred by the program BAPS, taking geographic coordinates into account. The locations of six clusters that were each composed of a single individual are not shown. Different colors represent different genetic populations. Pie charts represent the genetic populations of origin of the individuals and their size is indicative of the number of samples included. The names of the genetic clusters are the same as those in (7) and (8). Inset: Focus on the clustering results from the region indicated by a black square in the main map. The arrow indicates the sampling location of the raccoon that was positive for B. procyonis. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

opencc-zeroNov 2019View details →

Comparing raccoon MHC diversity in native and introduced ranges: evidence for the importance of functional immune diversity for adaptation and survival in novel environments.

The adaptive potential of invasive species is related to the genetic diversity of the invader, which is influenced by genetic drift and natural selection. Typically, the genetic diversity of invaders is studied with neutral genetic markers, however, the expectation of reduced diversity has not been consistently supported by empirical studies. Here, we describe and interpret genetic diversity at both neutral microsatellite loci and the immune related MHC-DRB locus of native and invasive populations of raccoon to better understand of how drift and selection impact patterns of genetic diversity during the invasion process. We found that despite the loss of many MHC alleles in comparison with native populations, functional MHC supertypes are preserved in the invasive region. In the native raccoon population the number of supertypes within individuals was higher than expected under a neutral model. The high level of individual functional divergence may facilitate the adaptation to local conditions in the invasive range. These results suggest that selection is driving divergent allele combinations despite drift causing allelic loss. In the invasive populations, we also detected increased population structure at microsatellites compared to the MHC locus, further suggesting that balancing selection is acting on adaptively important regions of the raccoon genome. Finally, we found that alleles known to exhibit resistance to rabies in the native range, Prlo-DRB*4, Prlo-DRB*16 and Prlo-DRB*102, were the most common alleles in the European populations, suggesting directional selection is acting on this locus. Our research shows empirical support for the importance of functional immune diversity for adaptation and survival in novel environments.

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Shanghai residents attitudes towards raccoon dogs

Human-wildlife interactions become increasingly common in urban areas across all continents and ecosystem types. Depending on the context, human-wildlife interactions can be categorized as harmonious, neutral, or in conflict and raise cultural, economic, and ecological challenges in maintaining urban biodiversity. Understanding the mechanism behind the tolerance of residents to the presence of wildlife is vital to promoting a harmonious coexistence between humans and wildlife in urban environments. To advance our knowledge of this mechanism, we developed a questionnaire to survey residents in Shanghai, China about their knowledge of and attitude towards raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), a species whose population is increasing in urban areas. Using 281 questionnaires, we conducted structural equation modeling to examine how relational values, including familiarity with raccoon dogs, perceived benefits and risks, together with residents' trust in wildlife management authorities, interactively influence the tolerance for this species. We found that the residents' familiarity with raccoon dogs positively influenced their tolerance, both directly and indirectly through increased perceived benefits and reduced perceived risks. Furthermore, trust in wildlife management authorities contributed to higher tolerance through perceived benefits. Our results suggested that education about the relational values of raccoon dogs to the public can reduce the traditional negative connotation for this species and promote the coexistence of people and raccoon dogs in the Shanghai urban environment. Based on our understanding of how raccoon dogs were culturally constructed and the willingness of residents to share landscapes with the species, we advocate that relational values play an important role in future urban biodiversity conservation planning. We also advocate for education programs that familiarize the public with raccoon dogs as well as other species, which can turn urban human-wildlife conflicts into harmonious relationships in Shanghai and other urban areas.

opencc-zeroAug 2022View details →

Temporal data from camera trap captures of raccoons (Procyon lotor) and coyote (Canis latrans) across urban-rural gradient Michigan 2015-2020

Temporal data and trap success for raccoons (Procyon lotor) and coyotes (Canis latrans) across an urban-rural gradient in Michigan, from 2015 to 2020. These data are associated with the article "Temporal refuges of a subordinate carnivore vary across rural-urban gradient" in the journal Ecology and Evolution.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Data belonging to "Successful invasion: camera trap distance sampling reveals higher density for invasive raccoon dog compared to native mesopredators"

Data files (comma separated text files) containing the camera data (CameraData) containing the information on camera trap placements in the various sites and their operation time in days and aperture, the distance sampling data (DistanceData) containing the information on the species and distance detected for each 1s time interval in front of each camera, and the trigger data (TriggerData) containing the time stamps for the pictures taken of each species with each camera, collected in the years 2020 and 2021 in southern Finland. The repository further contains an R script "distanceSamplingScript" which uses the reposited above-described files for analysis reported in the publication "Successful invasion: camera trap distance sampling reveals higher density for invasive raccoon dog compared to native mesopredators" https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-024-03323-4. The R script  has been confirmed to run in R version 4.3.3 using packages "activity" vs 1.3.4 and "Distance" vs 1.0.9

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Exposure to humans and task difficulty levels affect wild raccoons (Procyon lotor) learning

Cognition helps wildlife exploit novel resources and environments. Raccoons (Procyon lotor) have successfully adapted to human presence in part due to their cognitive abilities. However, close interactions between humans and wildlife can create conflicts. A better understanding of the raccoon's behavioral flexibility and learning ability could improve the mitigation of those conflicts. Learning can be evaluated over multiple exposures to a cognitive task. Our objective is to evaluate wild raccoons learning in contexts varying in terms of exposure to humans (recreational and preservation zoning within protected areas) and task difficulty. We used two food extraction tasks to measure how problem-solving performance varied between trials based on success probability and time to solve the puzzles.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Figure 2 in Newly registered tracks of Raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) indicate the presence of resident population in the region of Bolata dere (NE Bulgaria)

Figure 2. Tracks of a Raccoon dog at the shore of Bolata dere; Scale bar – 10 cm.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2017View details →

Fig. 1 in Beyond the raccoon roundworm: The natural history of non-raccoon Baylisascaris species in the New World

Fig. 1. Generalized life cycle scheme for Baylisascaris spp.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Fig. 1 in Raccoons contraband - The metazoan parasite fauna of free-ranging raccoons in central Europe

Fig. 1. Geographic origin of examined Procyon lotor (N = 234).

Fig. 7. L 3 in Detection of Spirocerca lupi and an unknown Trichinella-like nematode in raccoon (Procyon lotor)

Fig. 7. L 3 of Spirocerca lupi: These larvae occurred as accidental findings.

Fig. 1 in Evidence of predation pressure on sensitive species by raccoons based on parasitological studies

Fig. 1. Geographic origin of examined Procyon lotor (total N = 108 raccoons).