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Fig. 21 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus
Fig. 21. Anatomical features of the maxilla and surrounding bones in four extant murine species. A, Rattus rattus (CM35627), right premaxilla, maxilla and palatine bones in dorsolateral view; and B, Rattus rattus (CM35628), right maxilla and palatine bones in dorsal view; C, Mallomys gunung (CM11715), rostral fragment of cranium with bones of roof removed to expose inner structures of narial chamber; and D, Uromys caudimaculatus (ANWCP34), right premaxilla, maxilla and palatine bones in dorsolateral view. Abbreviations: app, anterior palatine process; dpc, descending palatine artery and nerve canal; if, incisive foramen; igc, incisor generative capsule; ios, infraorbital sulcus; mr, medial ridge of maxillary sinus complex; msc, maxillary sinus complex; nps, nasopharyngeal sulcus; nvs, neurovascular sulcus; olm, orbital lamina of maxilla; pms, premaxilla-maxilla suture; sps, sphenopalatine sulcus; zp, zygomatic plate. Scale bars each represent 5 mm. One scale bar is shared by A and B.
FIG. 18 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 18. Strict consensus of six most parsimonious trees generated in a phylogenetic analysis of ctenodactyloid interrelationships. See text for discussion.
FIG. 17 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 17. Mandibles and teeth of Chenomys orientalis. A, V17805.4, right p4; B, V17805.1, right m1–3; C, V17805.4, occlusal view of a right mandible with p4; D, V17805.3, occlusal view of a right mandible with m3; E, V17805.4, labial view of a right mandible with p4; F, V17805.2, occlusal view of a right mandible with m2–3; G, V17805.1, occlusal view of a right mandible with m1–3; H, V17805.1, labial view. A–B, C–F, and G–H each to common scale.
FIG. 15 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 15. Mandibles of Advenimus ulungurensis in occlusal view. A, V16499, a left mandible fragment with p4–m3; B, V16506, a left mandible fragment with p4–m3; C, V16499, labial view; D, V16506, labial view. A–B and C–D each to common scale.
FIG. 12 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 12. Cheek teeth of Yongshengomys extensus in occlusal view. A, V16504.4, right DP4; B, V16504.1, left M1 (or M2; holotype); C, V16504.25, right M1 (or M2).
FIG. 10 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 10. Tamquammys longus (V16505). A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, right lateral view; D, occlusal view of the right DP4–M3. A–C are to the same scale.
FIG. 8 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 8. Comparisons of molar tooth dimensions (in mm) between T. wilsoni and T. robustus (T. wilsoni in triangle and T. robustus in circle).
FIG. 6 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 6. Partial skull and mandibles of Tamquammys robustus. A–C, V17778.1, dorsal, ventral and left lateral views of the skull; D–E, V17772.7, lingual and labial views of the right mandible; F, V17772.2, labial view of the left mandible; G, V17778.1, left DP4–M2 (with the maxillary bone photographically removed). All are to the same scale except G.
FIG. 7 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 7. Cheek teeth of Tamquammys robustus in occlusal view. A, V17779.127, left P4; B, V17779.167, right P4; C, V17779.309, left M1; D, V17779.353, right M1; E, V17779.534, left M2; F, V17779.591, right M2; G–H, V17779.621, V17779.625, left M3; I, V17779.3, left P3; J, V17779.30, right P3; K, V17779.65, left DP4; L, V17779.95, right DP4; M, V17780.75, right p4; N, V17780.42, left p4; O, V17780.2, left dp4; P, V17780.28, right dp4; Q–R, V17780.108, V17780.125, left m1; S, V17780.220, left m2; T, V17780.310, right m2; U, V17780.360, left m3; V, V17780.404, right m3.
FIG. 4 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 4. Cheek teeth of Tamquammys wilsoni in occlusal view. A, V17793.201, left P4; B, V17793.303, right P4; C–D, V17793.307, V17793.369, left M1; E, V17793.556, left M2; F, V17793.663, right M2; G, V17793.696, left M3; H, V17793.172, left DP4; I, V17793.180, right DP4; J–K, V17793.9, V17793.80, left P3; L, V17794.4, left dp4; M, V17794.36, right dp4; N, V17794.37, left p4; O, V17794.69, right p4; P, V17794.128, left m1; Q, V17794.179, right m1; R–S, V17794.245, V17794.292, left m2; T, V17794.458, left m3; U, V17794.538, right m3.
FIG. 14. A, right m1 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 14. A, right m1 or m2 of Yuomys sp. A (V17805); B, right M3 of Yuomys sp. B (V17806); C, right m3 of Yuomys sp. C (V17807).
FIG. 3 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 3. Fragmentary maxillae and mandibles of Tamquammys wilsoni in occlusal view. A, V17790, a right maxilla with P3–M3; B, V17785.1, a right maxilla with P3–M2; C, V17786.2, a right mandible with p4–m3; D, V17787.5, a right mandible with dp4–m2.
FIG. 2 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 2. Stratigraphic distribution of ctenodactyloid taxa in the Huheboerhe-Nuhetingboerhe area, plotted on a composite section modified from Wang et al. (2010). Fossil horizons are denoted as, in ascending order, NM-1 to NM-4 in the Nomogen Formation, AS-1 to AS-6 in the Arshanto Formation, and IM-1 to IM-2 in the Irdin Manha Formation) (modified from Wang et al., 2010: fig. 2). Black squares indicate occurrences of ctenodactyloid species from the fossil horizons that were described in this study.
FIG. 5 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 5. Cheek teeth of Tamquammys robustus. A, V17770.1, an adult left maxillary fragment with M1–3; B, V17772.5, an adult right mandible fragment with p4–m3; C, V17773.5, a juvenile right mandible fragment with dp4–m3.
FIG. 1 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids
FIG. 1. Diagram showing the terminology applied to ctenodactyloid dental morphology (anterior to the left and labial to the top) (modified from Wang, 1997; Tong, 1997; Meng and Wyss, 2001).
Figure 2 in Parallel evolution in molar outline of murine rodents: the case of the extinct Malpaisomys insularis (Eastern Canary Islands)
Figure 2. Schematic representation of the modern and fossil murine rodents compared to Malpaisomys. Top, molecular phylogeny after Chevret (1994) and Chevret et al. (2001). A calibration of the time of divergence between taxa is given by reference to the divergence of the Rattus rattus lineage, estimated as having occurred 12 Mya (Chevret et al., 2001). The grey box includes the arvicanthine rodents, characterized by a herbivorous diet. Bottom, fossil lineages with investigated localities. Thick grey lines indicate taxa with stephanodont characteristics, thick black lines, complete stephanodonty. Crosses indicate extinct taxa.
Rodents show darker and redder coloration in warm and rainy environments
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Gloger's rule predicts that warmer and wetter areas favor more pigmented animals. Yet, the original formulation lacks differentiation between the two primary pigments: eu- and pheomelanin. We examined geographic variation in eumelanin and pheomelanin to unravel how various ecological factors influence pigment deposition, and to assess support for the complex version of Gloger's rule.</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> South America.</p> <p><strong>Time period:</strong> Contemporary.</p> <p><strong>Major Taxa Studied:</strong> Sigmodontine rodents.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We extracted pelage color data from 231 species and quantified the variation in eu- and pheomelanin deposition at the assemblage level. We performed linear multiple regression to investigate the influence of temperature, precipitation, predator diversity, and UVA-B radiance in eumelanin (lightness) and pheomelanin (redness).</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Our findings support the original formulations of Gloger's rule. Rodents in warmer and rainier regions, which also entails greater exposure to UV radiation and a diverse range of predators, exhibit darker-colored pelage. In addition, redder rodents prevail in warmer environments. However, contrary to the rule predictions, we observe a reversal for reddish patterns in relation to precipitation, with rainier regions showcasing more intense red rodents.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions:</strong> Our study breaks new ground by investigating previously unexplored facets of Gloger's rule in a continental mammalian group. We discovered compelling evidence that darker and redder coloration align closely with temperature and rainfall gradients. Although we found support for eumelanin-pelage predictions, expectations for pheomelanin pigmentation were only partially met. Our results might suggest that selective pressures act differently on dark and reddish coloration, revealing that coloration patterns in response to climate are more intricate than previously formulated.</p>
Rodent ectoparasite diversity in response to anthropogenic disturbance
<p>Rodents are important hosts for ectoparasites such as fleas, ticks, and mites, which means they are also important intermediate hosts for many zoonotic diseases. As anthropogenic environments bring humans and rodents into closer contact, an understanding of host-ectoparasite ecology is essential to predict and manage disease spillover risks. We aimed to understand how disturbances in vegetation cover affect rodent ectoparasite diversity, prevalence, spatial segregation, host (i.e. sex, genus, size, habitat domain), and environmental (i.e. vegetation structure, forest cover, rainfall) variables in the state of Michoacan, Mexico. We compared these variables by trapping rodents in five paired disturbed (reduced vegetation cover, regular human presence) and undisturbed (no reduction in vegetation cover, no human presence) sites in the summer and autumn of 2022. From 108 trapped rodents, we collected 123 ectoparasites on 34 individuals. We found no difference in rodent diversity, ectoparasite diversity, or ectoparasite prevalence between disturbed and undisturbed sites. However, ground-dwelling and male rodents had a higher probability of carrying ectoparasites than arboreal and female rodents. Rodents with ectoparasites were not spatially clustered; rather, they were randomly distributed across trapping grids. We also identified two rodent genera (<em>Rattus </em>and <em>Sigmodon</em>) that carry ectoparasites of medical importance and that are in close contact with humans. Our results highlight the necessity of constant monitoring of rodents, ectoparasites, and their associated transmittable diseases. Assessing these interactions and how they are affected by anthropogenic disturbance could better inform management decisions and support the need for rodent conservation programs in the area.</p>
Fig. 3 in Late Miocene Turtles Of Grytsiv (Western Ukraine) With Rodent Gnaw Marks On The Carapace Surface
Fig. 3. The nuchal plate of Testudo chernovi NMNHU-P AR 407 from Grytsiv with gnaw marks (A); B–C — Machichnus inrosus isp. n., enlarged affected area (B) and a set of individual striae (C); D — combined SEM image of the mandible of Anomalomys grytsivensis Nesin & Kovalchuk, 2021 (NMNHU-P 22/2703) showing the labial surface of the lower incisor with longitudinal ridges.
Fig. 1 in Late Miocene Turtles Of Grytsiv (Western Ukraine) With Rodent Gnaw Marks On The Carapace Surface
Fig. 1. Location of Grytsiv on the map of Ukraine (A), and geological proFIle of the locality (B), after Vasilyan et al. (2013) and Nesin & Kovalchuk (2021).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.