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Fig. 2 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 2. (A) Phellopsis obcordata, dorsal habitus. (B) Fomitopsis ochracea, newly recorded host. (C) Records of P. obcordata and Fomitopsis spp. within Great Smoky Mountains National Park with historic land uses. Outlined areas on the map indicate areas searched during this study in 2019 and 2021. All records outside and some records inside of the areas searched are from iNaturalist and previous literature.

Fig. 1 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 1. Map of the southern Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern United States, showing collecting areas within National Forests and Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP). Inset shows the region within the United States.

Fig. 5 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 5. Probability of occurrence within Great Smoky Mountains National Park of (A) Phellopsis obcordata based on distance from the nearest undisturbed forest (0 indicates inside undisturbed areas), and (B) Megalodacne heros based on elevation.

Fig. 4 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 4. Boxplots of (A) elevation, (B) tree diameter, and (C) basal area among sampled historic disturbance classes in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Fig. 3 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 3. (A) Megalodacne heros, dorsal habitus. (B) Ganoderma tsugae. (C) Records of M. heros and host Ganoderma spp. within Great Smoky Mountains National Park with historic land uses. Outlined areas on the map indicate areas searched during this study in 2019 and 2021.All records outside and some records inside of the areas searched are from iNaturalist.

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Blast output from: Lost in dead wood? Environmental DNA sequencing from dead wood shows little signs of saproxylic beetles

<p>eDNA metabarcoding has become a standard method for assessing wood-inhabiting fungi and bacteria, yet determination of dead-wood-inhabiting beetles still relies on time-consuming collection of beetle specimens. We thus tested whether beetle species can be identified by eDNA sequencing of wood in a mesocosm experiment that manipulated species assemblages. Dead wood samples were taken at exit holes of beetles and DNA was extracted and analyzed using two comparative methods: (i) metabarcoding with standard arthropod primers (421 bp) and (ii) using short species-specific primers (120-264 bp) with Sanger sequencing. Results showed that beetle DNA was amplified by each of the two approaches, however, with (i) we detected only one non-target saproxylic beetle species. In addition, we identified 80 different OTUs with four non-targeted species of arthropods. For (ii) we detected the targeted species in two fresh beetle exit holes out of 20 samples. We suggest that, in contrast to fungi and bacteria, this eDNA metabarcoding approach is not able to reliably detect saproxylic beetles from wood samples, likely due to rapid degradation of their target DNA. Adapting such an approach for large scale analyses thus requires a better knowledge of degradation processes affecting DNA quality and quantity in wood.</p>

Supplementary material 2 from: Redolfi De Zan L, Bardiani M, Antonini G, Campanaro A, Chiari S, Mancini E, Maura M, Sabatelli S, Solano E, Zauli A, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Roversi PF (2017) Guidelines for the monitoring of Cerambyx cerdo. In: Carpaneto GM, Audisio P, Bologna MA, Roversi PF, Mason F (Eds) Guidelines for the Monitoring of the Saproxylic Beetles protected in Europe. Nature Conservation 20: 129-164. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.20.12703

Field sheet 2 : Explanation note: Field sheet to be compiled during each survey (three a week for five weeks, 15 on the whole). For each trap checked, the operator must write the number of individuals captured, divided by sex and for trap height.

Supplementary material 1 from: Redolfi De Zan L, Bardiani M, Antonini G, Campanaro A, Chiari S, Mancini E, Maura M, Sabatelli S, Solano E, Zauli A, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Roversi PF (2017) Guidelines for the monitoring of Cerambyx cerdo. In: Carpaneto GM, Audisio P, Bologna MA, Roversi PF, Mason F (Eds) Guidelines for the Monitoring of the Saproxylic Beetles protected in Europe. Nature Conservation 20: 129-164. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.20.12703

Field sheet 1 : Explanation note: Field sheet for choosing the most suitable trees for the baited traps. The operator should mark with an "x" the corresponding box for the status of the canopy and the bark, the presence or not of sap or exit holes. It is also useful to write the presence of suitable trees around those selected.

Supplementary material 4 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681

Allometric relationship between mandible (LnML) and elytron (LnEL) length of each population : Data type: statistical data

Supplementary material 1 from: Bardiani M, Chiari S, Maurizi E, Tini M, Toni I, Zauli A, Campanaro A, Carpaneto GM, Audisio P (2017) Guidelines for the monitoring of Lucanus cervus. In: Carpaneto GM, Audisio P, Bologna MA, Roversi PF, Mason F (Eds) Guidelines for the Monitoring of the Saproxylic Beetles protected in Europe. Nature Conservation 20: 37-78. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.20.12687

Field sheet : Explanation note: Field sheet to be compiled during each survey, for each transect. Each sighting is registered with a code, in the exact point of detection along the transect (path). Codes are reported on the right column of the field-sheet. Examples of codes: male in flight over 2 m – M2; female walk on the ground – F0; L. cervus with uncertain sex-determination, in flight below 2 m – U1.

Supplementary material 3 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681

Allometric relationship between mandible (LnML) and elytron (LnEL) length for minor and major morph : Data type: statistical data

Supplementary material 1 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681

Shapiro-Wilk normality test on biometric, phenological and climatic variable : Data type: statistical data

Supplementary material 1 from: Maurizi E, Campanaro A, Chiari S, Maura M, Mosconi F, Sabatelli S, Zauli A, Audisio P, Carpaneto GM (2017) Guidelines for the monitoring of Osmoderma eremita and closely related species. In: Carpaneto GM, Audisio P, Bologna MA, Roversi PF, Mason F (Eds) Guidelines for the Monitoring of the Saproxylic Beetles protected in Europe. Nature Conservation 20: 79-128. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.20.12658

Scheme of protocol suggested by MIPP to monitoring the O. eremita population and list of materials to building the pheromone traps, BCWT :

Supplementary material 1 from: Zapponi L, Mazza G, Farina A, Fedrigoli L, Mazzocchi F, Roversi PF, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Mason F (2017) The role of monumental trees for the preservation of saproxylic biodiversity: re-thinking their management in cultural landscapes. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 231-243. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12464

List of recorded species : Explanation note: The supplementary material contains the list of species recorded during the 1982 and 2017 inventories, showing for each species: number of individuals, average circunference and average height.

Supplementary material 1 from: Kadej M, Zając K, Smolis A, Tarnawski D, Tyszecka K, Malkiewicz A, Pietraszko M, Warchałowski M, Gil R (2017) The great capricorn beetle Cerambyx cerdo L. in south-western Poland – the current state and perspectives of conservation in one of the recent distribution centres in Central Europe. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 111-134. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.11838

Table S1. Correlation matrix of all initial environmental layers selected for modelling in MaxEnt : Data type: statistical data

FIGURE 4 in The Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: new records, distribution, zoogeography, and observations on beetle-fungi relationships in saproxylic environments

FIGURE 4. The Distribution of Octotemnus laevis Casey and Orthocis punctatus (Mellié) in the Maritime Provinces of Canada.

FIGURE 2 in The Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: new records, distribution, zoogeography, and observations on beetle-fungi relationships in saproxylic environments

FIGURE 2. The Distribution of Cis creberrimus Mellié, Cis fuscipes Mellié, Cis levettei (Casey), and Cis subtilis Mellié, in the Maritime Provinces of Canada.

FIGURE 1 in The Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: new records, distribution, zoogeography, and observations on beetle-fungi relationships in saproxylic environments

FIGURE 1. The Distribution of Ceracis sallei Mellié, Ceracis thoracicornis (Ziegler), Cis americanus Mannerheim, and Cis horridulus Casey in the Maritime Provinces of Canada.

FIGURE 3 in The Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: new records, distribution, zoogeography, and observations on beetle-fungi relationships in saproxylic environments

FIGURE 3. The distribution of Cis pistoria Casey, Cis striolatus Casey, Dolichocis manitoba Dury, Hadreule elongatula (Gyllenhal), and Malacocis brevicollis (Casey) in the Maritime Provinces of Canada.