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181 results for “Stable isotope data”
Washington harbor seal stable isotope data
<p>Understanding the response of predators to ecological change at multiple temporal scales can elucidate critical predator-prey dynamics that would otherwise go unrecognized. We performed compound-specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of amino acids on 153 harbor seal museum skull specimens to determine how trophic position of this marine predator has responded to ecosystem change over the past century. The relationships between harbor seal trophic position, ocean condition, and prey abundance, were analyzed using hierarchical modelling of a multi-amino acid framework and applying 1-, 2-, and 3- year temporal lags. We identified delayed responses of harbor seal trophic position to both physical ocean conditions (upwelling, sea surface temperature, freshwater discharge) and prey availability (Pacific hake, Pacific herring and Chinook salmon). However, the magnitude and direction of the trophic position response to ecological changes depended on the temporal delay. For example, harbor seal trophic position was negatively associated with summer upwelling, but had a 1- year delayed response to summer sea surface temperature, indicating some predator responses to ecosystem change are not immediately observable. These results highlight the importance of considering dynamic responses of predators to their environment as multiple ecological factors are often changing simultaneously and can take years to propagate up the food web.</p>
Stable Isotope Hydrology Data from Gnamma Systems in the Colorado Front Range
<p>This dataset accompanies a submission to Geophysical Research Letters titled "Stable Isotopes Constrain Water Seepage from Gnammas into Bare Granitic Bedrock".</p>
Baltic Sea stable isotope ecology meta-data collection
<p>Stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become a pivotal method in food web and ecological research, leading to the establishment of the research field "stable isotope ecology". We conducted the first systematic review of stable isotope studies in this field in the Baltic Sea macro-region (Eglite et al. 2022). The meta-data collection provided here includes the information extracted from all 164 studies identified in the systematic review across various dimensions (topic, space, time, taxonomic, and technical focus), but not primary stable isotope data. The first published version of this meta-data collection represents the status as of July 10, 2021, and was used to filter and extract meta-data to produce the figures and tables in the review by Eglite et al. (2022). The meta-data collection is a resource for both experienced isotope ecologists and newcomers to grasp and access all published Baltic Sea SIA work on any fundamental or applied research topic, sub-region, taxon, or trophic group of interest. It also represents an ideal foundation for an envisioned "Baltic Isobank" database of primary stable isotope data, following the vision outlined in Eglite et al. (2022). We will provide regular updates of the meta-data collection in the Dryad repository, based on new runs of the systematic review query and including any additions of research papers and corrections received from the stable isotope ecology community. For this purpose, we encourage researchers to inform us about newly published research papers employing stable isotopes in the Baltic Sea ecology field by sending an e-mail with the publication reference to baltic-isobank@geomar.de.</p>
Data from: New perspectives on soil animal trophic ecology through the lens of C and N stable isotope ratios of oribatid mites
<p>Knowledge of the trophic ecology of soil animals is important for understanding their high alpha diversity as well as their functional role in soil food webs and systems. In the last 20 years, the analysis of natural variations in stable isotope ratios (<sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N, <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C) has revolutionized our view on soil animal trophic ecology. Here, we review the state of the art of the trophic ecology of a highly abundant and diverse soil animal taxon, oribatid mites (Oribatida), investigated by stable isotope analyses. The review is based on 25 papers reporting stable isotope data of 292 oribatid mite taxa from 30 different sites. Four main findings emerged. (1) Oribatid mites cluster into six trophic groups, i.e. moss feeders, lichen feeders, primary decomposers, fungal feeders/secondary decomposers, predators/scavengers and marine algal feeders, plus one additional group, which incorporates CaCO<sub>3</sub> in their cuticle for defence but still belongs to the fungal feeders/secondary decomposers group. (2) Of the 292 species studied 43.7% were classified as fungal feeders/secondary decomposers, 27.0% as primary decomposers and 15.7% as predators/scavengers, only few species include CaCO<sub>3</sub> into their skeleton (6.1%), feed on lichens (4.9%), mosses (2.1%) or marine algae (0.7%). (3) In about one-third of the species studied the trophic niche was constant or varied little between sites or habitats, but in two-thirds of the species, their trophic niche varied between habitats, with some species even shifting trophic levels, indicating trophic plasticity. (4) When aggregated at higher taxonomic level oribatid mite species clustered in only three instead of six trophic groups. This indicates that species within the same high-level taxon often belong to different trophic groups, for example, because feeding habits evolved convergently. Therefore, to accurately reflect the trophic ecology of oribatid mites their stable isotope signatures need to be analysed at the species level. However, stable isotope analyses also have limitations, e.g. feeding on bacteria and fungi cannot be separated, and the same is true for feeding on ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Other methods such as fatty acid, amino acid and molecular gut content analyses as well as microbiome analyses may complement stable isotope studies and resolve oribatid mite trophic niche differentiation at a higher resolution. This will contribute to a better understanding of the local coexistence of large numbers of species in soil. Finally, we provide perspectives on how to integrate microarthropods into soil food webs using stable isotope and other methods allowing deeper insight into their<br>trophic structure.</p>
Data for: Two is better than one: Coupling DNA metabarcoding and stable isotope analysis improves dietary characterizations for a riparian-obligate, migratory songbird
<p>While an increasing number of studies are adopting molecular and chemical methods for dietary characterization, these studies often employ only one of these laboratory-based techniques; an approach which may yield an incomplete, or even biased, understanding of diet due to each method's inherent limitations. To explore the utility of coupling molecular and chemical techniques for dietary characterizations, we applied DNA metabarcoding alongside stable isotope analysis to characterize the dietary niche of breeding Louisiana waterthrush (<em>Parkesia motacilla</em>), a migratory songbird hypothesized to preferentially provision their offspring with pollution-intolerant, aquatic arthropod prey. While DNA metabarcoding was unable to determine if waterthrush provision aquatic and terrestrial prey in different abundances, we found that specific aquatic taxa were more likely to be detected in successive seasons than their terrestrial counterparts, thus supporting the aquatic specialization hypothesis. Our isotopic analysis added greater context to this hypothesis by concluding that breeding waterthrush provisioned Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera, two pollution-intolerant, aquatic orders, in higher quantities than other prey groups, and expanded their functional trophic niche when such prey were not abundantly provisioned. Finally, we found that the dietary characterizations from each approach were often uncorrelated, indicating that the results gleaned from a diet study can be particularly sensitive to the applied methodologies. Our findings contribute to a growing body of work indicating the importance of high-quality, aquatic habitats for both consumers and their pollution-intolerant prey, while also demonstrating how the application of multiple, laboratory-based techniques can provide insights not offered by either technique alone.</p>
Data from: Dissolved nitrogen uptake versus nitrogen fixation: Mode of nitrogen acquisition affects stable isotope signatures of a diazotrophic cyanobacterium and its grazer
<p>Field studies suggest that changes in the stable isotope ratios of phytoplankton communities can be used to track changes in the utilization of different nitrogen sources, i.e., to detect shifts from dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) uptake to atmospheric nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) fixation by diazotrophic cyanobacteria as an indication of nitrogen limitation. We explored changes in the stable isotope signature of the diazotrophic cyanobacterium <em>Trichormus variabilis</em> in response to increasing nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) concentrations (0 to 170 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) under controlled laboratory conditions. In addition, we explored the influence of nitrogen utilization at the primary producer level on trophic fractionation by studying potential changes in isotope ratios in the freshwater model <em>Daphnia magna</em> feeding on the differently grown cyanobacteria. We show that <em>δ</em><sup>15</sup>N values of the cyanobacterium increase asymptotically with DIN availability, from -0.7 ‰ in the absence of DIN (suggesting N<sub>2</sub> fixation) to 2.9 ‰ at the highest DIN concentration (exclusive DIN uptake). In contrast, <em>δ</em><sup>13</sup>C values of the cyanobacterium did not show a clear relationship with DIN availability. The stable isotope ratios of the consumer reflected those of the differently grown cyanobacteria but also revealed significant trophic fractionation in response to nitrogen utilization at the primary producer level. Nitrogen isotope turnover rates of <em>Daphnia</em> were highest in the absence of DIN as a consequence of N<sub>2</sub> fixation and resulting depletion in <sup>15</sup>N at the primary producer level. Our results highlight the potential of stable isotopes to assess nitrogen limitation and to explore diazotrophy in aquatic food webs.</p>
Raw data: Stable isotopes of Hawaiian spiders reflect substrate properties along a chronosequence
<p>Data sets used to analyze N and C stable isotope ratios in spider tissues, leaf litter, and plant leaves originating from three sites along a substrate age gradient in Hawaii.</p>
Stable isotope data for oxygen and hydrogen and electron microprobe data in phyllosilicates and clumped isotopes of carbonates from paleosols, Illinois Basin, USA
<p>Datasets including stable isotope data for oxygen and hydrogen of phyllosilicates, electron microprobe data of phyllosilicates, and clumped isotope data of carbonates from paleosols of the Illinois Basin, accompanying publication.</p>
Raw data for: Stable Isotope Trajectory Analysis (SITA): A new approach to quantify and visualize dynamics in stable isotope studies. Sturbois et al., in revision in Ecological Monographs
<p>These data sets are used as ecological applications in Sturbois et al., in revision, Stable Isotope Trajectory Analysis (SITA): A new approach to quantify and visualize dynamics in stable isotope studies. submitted in Ecological Monographs.</p> <p>- DataS1_furseals.Rdata originates from: Kernaléguen, L., Cazelles, B., Arnould, J.P.Y., Richard, P., Guinet, C., Cherel, Y., 2012. Long-Term Species, Sexual and Individual Variations in Foraging Strategies of Fur Seals Revealed by Stable Isotopes in Whiskers. PLoS ONE 7, e32916. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032916</p> <p>- DataS2_Pike.Rdata originates from: Cucherousset, J., Paillisson, J.-M., Roussel, J.-M., 2013. Natal departure timing from spatially varying environments is dependent of individual ontogenetic status. Naturwissenschaften 100, 761–768. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-013-1073-y</p> <p>- DataS4_GT1.Rdata and DataS5_GT2.Rdata originate from: Quillien, N., Nordström, M.C., Schaal, G., Bonsdorff, E., Grall, J., 2016. Opportunistic basal resource simplifies food web structure and functioning of a highly dynamic marine environment. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 477, 92–102.</p> <p>- DataS6_Lakes.Rdata originates from: Zhao, T., Villéger, S., Cucherousset, J., 2019. Accounting for intraspecific diversity when examining relationships between non-native species and functional diversity. Oecologia 189, 171–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4311-3</p> <p>Information about respective sampling strategies and sample preparation are available in these original articles. All use of this data sets must cite original article as well as the SITA article.</p>
Data from: Mixed Signals from the Stable Isotope Composition of Precipitation and Plant Waxes in the Northern Tropical Andes
<p>These files are the supplementary information for Pérez‐Angel, L. C., Sepúlveda, J., Montes, C., Smith, J. J., Molnar, P., González-Arango, C., Snell, K., Dildar, N., Mixed Signals from the Stable Isotope Composition of Precipitation and Plant Waxes in the Northern Tropical Andes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (In Revision). </p> <p> </p> <p>This work was funded by the National Science Foundation NSF | GEO | Division of Earth Sciences (EAR): 1929199</p>
Data from: Whiskers provide time-series of toxic and essential trace elements, Se:Hg molar ratios, and stable isotope values of an apex Antarctic predator, the leopard seal
<p>In an era of rapid environmental change and increasing human presence, researchers need efficient tools for tracking contaminants to monitor the health of Antarctic flora and fauna. Here, we examined the utility of leopard seal whiskers as a biomonitoring tool that reconstructs time-series of significant ecological and physiological biomarkers. Leopard seals (<em>Hydrurga leptonyx</em>) are a sentinel species in the Western Antarctic Peninsula due to their apex predator status and top-down effects on several Antarctic species. However, there are few data on their contaminant loads. We analyzed leopard seal whiskers (n = 18 individuals, n = 981 segments) collected during 2018–2019 field seasons to acquire longitudinal profiles of non-essential (Hg, Pb, and Cd) and essential (Se, Cu, and Zn) trace elements, stable isotope (ẟ<sub>15</sub>N and ẟ<sub>13</sub>C) values and to assess Hg risk with Se:Hg molar ratios. Whiskers provided between 46 and 286 cumulative days of growth with a mean ~125 days per whisker (n = 18). Adult whiskers showed variability in non-essential trace elements over time that could partly be explained by changes in diet. Whisker Hg levels were insufficient (<20 ppm) to consider most seals being at "high" risk for Hg toxicity. Nevertheless, maximum Hg concentrations observed in this study were greater than that of leopard seal hair measured two decades ago. However, variation in the Se:Hg molar ratios over time suggest that Se may detoxify Hg burden in leopard seals. Overall, we provide evidence that the analysis of leopard seal whiskers allows for the reconstruction of time-series ecological and physiological data and can be valuable for opportunistically monitoring the health of the leopard seal population and their Antarctic ecosystem during climate change.</p>
Data compilation of stable and radiactive carbon, Nd isotopes, and Pa and Th of the Last Glacial Maxmium and last deglaciation
<p>Proxy data compilations of <span class="math-tex">\(\delta^{13}C\)</span>, benthic-planktic <sup>14</sup>C ages, Nd isotopes, and Pa and Th of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and last deglaciation as used in Pöppelmeier et al. (2023).</p> <p>Pöppelmeier, F., Jeltsch-Thömmes, A., Lippold, J., Joos, F., & Stocker, T. F. (2023). Multi-proxy agreement on Atlantic circulation dynamics since the last ice age.</p>
Data for: Speleothem stable isotopes from 670 - 240 ka ago at Cape Limeworks Cave 1, Robertson, South Africa
<p class="MsoNormal">We present stable oxygen and carbon isotope data (<span>δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>13</sup>C ) </span>and U-Th chronology data from five speleothems from Cape Limeworks Cave 1 near Robertson, Western Cape, South Africa (33.73S°, 19.77E°). The data set covers the time interval between 240 and 670 ka BP with hiatuses at 630-500 ka and 360-310 ka. Stable isotope ratios range between -6.5 and -3.7 ‰ for <span>δ<sup>18</sup>O and -11.0 and -8.5 ‰ for δ<sup>13</sup>C. Analyses of the dispersion of the δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>13</sup>C data sets suggest that the highly diverse western part of the Cape Floristic </span>Region experienced climatic stability across several glacial-interglacial cycles when compared to less diverse Mediterranean Climate Regions and the eastern parts of the Cape Floristic Region. This result provides support for the hypothesis that lower extinction rates associated with Pleistocene biome stability may explain the higher diversity in the CFR relative to other MCEs.</p>
Neogloboquadrina pachyderma LA-ICP-MS spectral files and stable isotope data from: Geochemical differences between alive, uncrusted and dead, crusted shells of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma: Implications for paleoreconstruction
<p>Planktic foraminiferal-based trace element-calcium ratios (TE/Ca) are a cornerstone in paleoceanographic reconstructions. While TE-environment calibrations are often established through culturing experiments, shell growth in culture is not always consistent with growth in a natural setting. For example, many species of planktic foraminifera thicken their shell at the end of their life cycle, producing a distinct 'gametogenic' crust. Crust is common in fossil foraminifers, however, shells grown in culture do not often develop a thick crust. Here we investigate potential vital effects associated with the crusting process by comparing the trace element (Mg/Ca, Na/Ca, Ba/Ca, Sr/Ca, Mn/Ca, Zn/Ca) and stable isotope (δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>18</sup>O) composition of alive, fully mature, uncrusted shells to recently deceased, crusted shells of <em>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma</em> collected from the same plankton tows off the Oregon (USA) coast. We find that uncrusted (N = 55) shells yield significantly higher Ba/Ca, Na/Ca, Mn/Ca, and Sr/Ca than crusted (N = 66) shells, and crust calcite records significantly lower TE/Ca values for all elements examined. Isotopic mixing models suggest that the crust calcite accounts for ~40 to 70% of crusted shell volume. Comparison of foraminiferal and seawater isotopes indicate that <em>N. pachyderma</em> lives in the upper 90 m of the water column, and that crust formation occurs slightly deeper than their average living depth habitat. Results highlight the necessity to establish calibrations from crusted shells, as application of calibrations from TE-enriched uncrusted shells may yield attenuated or misleading paleoceanographic reconstructions.</p>
Data for: Stable isotopes in eye lenses reveal migration and mixing patterns of diamond squid in the western North Pacific and its marginal seas
<p><span>Knowledge of the movements of marine organisms is essential for effective conservation schemes. Here, we investigated the lifetime habitat use of diamond squid, <em>Thysanoteuthis</em> <em>rhombus</em>, collected in the western North Pacific and its marginal seas (the Sea of Japan and the East China sea) during 2021–2022, whose migratory ecology is poorly known, using bulk stable nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios in eye lenses. From the eye lens isotope profiles, the chronology of the isotopic baseline of squid habitat was estimated by removing the effect of size-dependent changes of trophic position. Then, the baseline estimates were compared to the isoscapes of particulate organic matter. The baseline chronologies showed fluctuations during the paralarval and juvenile stages, becoming stable during the adult stage, suggesting that significant movements mainly occur during the early life stages due to current transport, with adults potentially not undertaking long-distance migrations. The squids in the marginal seas mostly originated from outside the subtropical gyre, while the squids in the subtropical gyre had various sources, including outside the gyre and southern and northern parts within the gyre, revealing a complex mixing pattern of the species. These results show that isotope chronology combined with baseline isoscapes are effective tools to understand animal migrations, which can help to manage various cephalopods and fishes.</span></p>
Supplementary Data to: "Organic Phases in Bivalve (Arctica islandica) Shells: Their Bulk and Amino Acid Nitrogen Stable Isotope Compositions" in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
<p>This dataset contains the data generated for publication "Organic Phases in Bivalve (<em>Arctica islandica</em>) Shells: Their Bulk and Amino Acid Nitrogen Stable Isotope Compositions", including the following files:</p> <p>Specimen_ID_shell_morphology_measurement: Description of locality of collection, shell ID, shell working ID and the shell morphology measurement which can be referred to Section 2.1 of the manuscript.</p> <p>EA_IRMS_raw_error_propagate: This file contains data showing the m/z 28 signal intensities of all measurements and the error propagation that mentioned in Section 2.3 of the manuscript. It also includes the calculation of analytical accuracy and precision. </p> <p>Statistics: The file contains the summary of statistical analyses performed in this manuscript. Refer to Section 2.7 and 3.3.</p> <p>Recovery: It contains the recovery of the total nitrogen contents or amino acid concentrations after different treatments and this was mentioned in Section 4.1 of the manucript.</p> <p>Mass_balance: The computation procedure that showed in Section 3.4 and discussed in Section 4.3 can be traced in this file.</p> <p>GC-C-IRMS_long_term_sd: The file shows the long-term precision of GC-C-IRMS computed from the mixed standard of amino acids </p> <p>BSIA_d15N: The file contains all the bulk d15N data that used in this manuscript.</p> <p>CSIA_d15N: The file contains all the amino acid d15N data that used in this manuscript.</p> <p>AA_Composition: The file shows AA percent data that used in this manuscript.</p> <p><br> For details see main text of the manuscript.</p> <p><br> </p>
Apparent differential phenotypic responses by kelp forest grazers to disease-driven removal of sea star predators; [Data: Tegula shell morphology, GSI, stable isotope analysis]
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Data from: Spider webs, stable isotopes and molecular gut content analysis: multiple lines of evidence support trophic niche differentiation in a community of Hawaiian spiders
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Data from: Arithmetic normalization models for the effects of lipid on carbon stable isotope values in silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) tissue
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Data from: Stable isotope evidence for long-term stability of large-scale hydroclimate in the Neogene North American Great Plains
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