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221 results for “Structural Biology”
Figure 3 in Population structure and breeding biology of the hairy crab Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pilumnidae) in southern Mozambique
Figure 3. Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793). Association between monthly juveniles (crabs of both sexes,15.1 mm CW) with temperature at Inhaca Island, southern Mozambique.
Figure 2 in Population structure and breeding biology of the hairy crab Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pilumnidae) in southern Mozambique
Figure 2. Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793). Monthly size–frequency distributions. White bars, males; grey bars, non-ovigerous females; black bars, ovigerous females.
Figure 1 in Population structure and breeding biology of the hairy crab Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pilumnidae) in southern Mozambique
Figure 1. Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793). Overall size–frequency distributions of all individuals collected at Inhaca Island.
Figure 3 in The origin of mammalian endothermy: a paradigm for the evolution of complex biological structure
Figure 3. The interrelationships of the structures and functions responsible for or affected by endothermic temperature physiology of a mammal.
Figure 2 in The origin of mammalian endothermy: a paradigm for the evolution of complex biological structure
Figure 2. The proposed effect of a small increase in the number of mitochondria per cell on several functions of endothermy.
Figure 4 in The origin of mammalian endothermy: a paradigm for the evolution of complex biological structure
Figure 4. On the left, computer-generated walks through a multi-task landscape requiring adaptation simultaneously for light interception, mechanical stability and reproductive success. On the right, some of the optimal compromise morphologies generated by different walks (from Niklas, 1995).
Figure 1. A in The origin of mammalian endothermy: a paradigm for the evolution of complex biological structure
Figure 1. A, reconstruction of the skeleton of the therocephalian therapsid Regisaurus in lateral and dorsal views (from Kemp, 1986). B, internal view of the nasal cavity of the therocephalian Glanosuchus (from Hillenius, 1994). Abbreviations: etht?, possible ethmo-turbinal ridge; mxt?, possible maxillo-turbinal ridge; nt?, possible naso-turbinal ridge.
Fig. 8 in Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology
Fig. 8. Bimonthly variation of the mean values of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) of females (a) and males (b) of Iheringichthys labrosus in the Piquiri River from November 2002 to September 2003. (SD = Standard deviation).
Fig. 6 in Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology
Fig. 6. Bimonthly variation of the mean values of the fullness index (FI) of females (a) and males (b) of Iheringichthys labrosus in the Piquiri River from November 2002 to September 2003. (SD = Standard deviation).
Fig. 4 in Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology
Fig. 4. Length/weight relationship for females (a), males (b) and for both sexes (c) of Iheringichthys labrosus, obtained between November 2002 and September 2003 in the Piquiri River.
Fig. 3 in Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology
Fig. 3. Length distribution of Iheringichthys labrosus captured in the Piquiri River from November 2002 to September 2003.
Fig. 2 in Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology
Fig. 2. Catch per unit of effort, in number and biomass (number of individuals and kg/1000 m2 of net for 24 hours) of Iheringichthys labrosus, obtained at the sampling sites (a - number of individuals, b - biomass); shifts (c - number of individuals, d - biomass) and months (e - number of individuals, f - biomass) in the Piquiri River from November 2002 to September 2003.
Fig. 7 in Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology
Fig. 7. Frequency of the gonadal development stage of Iheringichthys labrosus captured in the Piquiri River from November 2002 to September 2003.
Volumetric segmentation of biological cells and subcellular structures for optical diffraction tomography images - dataset
<p>This dataset includes 4 files with segmentation results for 4 different ODT reconstructions of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell. The segmentation results contain:</p> <ol> <li>3D binary masks of biological cells obtained through Cellpose [1] and <a href="https://github.com/biopto/ODT-SAS.git">ODT-SAS</a>;</li> <li>3D binary masks of organelles: nucleoli and lipid structures (LS) obtained through slice-by-slice manual segmentation and ODT-SAS.</li> </ol> <p>All files are .*mat files.</p> <p>The files <em>REC_SH-SY5Y_1.mat, REC_SH-SY5Y_2.mat</em> and<em> REC_SH-SY5Y_3.mat</em> consist of 7 variables:</p> <p>RECON – tomographic reconstruction of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell;<br> n_imm – refractive index of object immersion medium;<br> dx – object space sample size in XY [<span class="math-tex">\(\mu m\)</span>];<br> rayXY – xy-coordinates of illumination vectors;</p> <p>maskManual – table with manually determined 3D binary masks of organelles;<br> maskCellpose – 3D binary mask of biological cell obtained through Cellpose;<br> maskODTSAS – table with 3D binary masks of biological cell and their organelles obtained through ODT-SAS.</p> <p>File <em>REC_SH-SY5Y_4.mat</em> includes masks for the ODT-SAS and Cellpose segmentation of three closely packed cells and consists of 5 variables: RECON, n_imm, dx, maskCellpose and maskODTSAS.<br> <br> Access a particular 3D binary mask from 'maskManual' and 'maskODTSAS' tables, using the following names: 'Cell', 'Nucleoli', 'LS'.<br> For example:</p> <pre><code>cellMask = maskODTSAS.Cell{1};</code></pre> <p><br> [1] Stringer, C., Wang, T., Michaelos, M., & Pachitariu, M. (2021). Cellpose: a generalist algorithm for cellular segmentation. Nature methods, 18(1), 100-106.</p> <p> </p>
A meta-analysis of butterfly structural colors: their color range, distribution, and biological production
<p><span>Butterfly scales are among the richest natural sources of optical nanostructures, which produce structural color and iridescence. Several recurring nanostructure types have been described, such as ridge multilayers, gyroids, and lower lamina thin films. While the optical mechanisms of these nanostructure classes are known, their phylogenetic distributions and functional ranges have not been described in detail. In this Review, we examine a century of research on the biological production of structural colors, including their evolution, development, and genetic regulation. We also create a database of more than 300 optical nanostructures in butterflies and conduct a meta-analysis of the color range, abundance, and phylogenetic distribution of each nanostructure class. Butterfly structural colors are ubiquitous in short wavelengths but extremely rare in long wavelengths, especially red. In particular, blue wavelengths (around 450 nm) occur in more clades and are produced by more kinds of nanostructures than other hues. Nanostructure categories differ in prevalence, phylogenetic distribution, color range, and brightness. For example, lamina thin films are the least bright; perforated lumen multilayers occur most often but are almost entirely restricted to the family Lycaenidae; and 3D photonic crystals, including gyroids, have the narrowest wavelength range (from about 450 to 550 nm). We discuss the implications of these patterns in terms of nanostructure evolution, physical constraint, and relationships to pigmentary color. Finally, we highlight opportunities for future research, such as analyses of subadult and Hesperid structural colors and the identification of genes that directly build the nanostructures, with relevance for biomimetic engineering.</span></p>
A meta-analysis of butterfly structural colors: their color range, distribution, and biological production
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Does biological intimacy shape ecological network structure? A test using a brood pollination mutualism on continental and oceanic islands
Biological intimacy—the degree of physical proximity or integration of partner taxa during their life cycles—is thought to promote the evolution of reciprocal specialization and modularity in the networks formed by co‐occurring mutualistic species, but this hypothesis has rarely been tested. Here, we test this "biological intimacy hypothesis" by comparing the network architecture of brood pollination mutualisms, in which specialized insects are simultaneously parasites (as larvae) and pollinators (as adults) of their host plants to that of other mutualisms which vary in their biological intimacy (including ant‐myrmecophyte, ant‐extrafloral nectary, plant‐pollinator and plant‐seed disperser assemblages). We use a novel dataset sampled from leafflower trees (Phyllanthaceae: Phyllanthus s. l. [Glochidion]) and their pollinating leafflower moths (Lepidoptera: Epicephala) on three oceanic islands (French Polynesia) and compare it to equivalent published data from congeners on continental islands (Japan). We infer taxonomic diversity of leafflower moths using multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis and examine several network structural properties: modularity (compartmentalization), reciprocality (symmetry) of specialization and algebraic connectivity. We find that most leafflower‐moth networks are reciprocally specialized and modular, as hypothesized. However, we also find that two oceanic island networks differ in their modularity and reciprocal specialization from the others, as a result of a supergeneralist moth taxon which interacts with nine of 10 available hosts. Our results generally support the biological intimacy hypothesis, finding that leafflower‐moth networks (usually) share a reciprocally specialized and modular structure with other intimate mutualisms such as ant‐myrmecophyte symbioses, but unlike nonintimate mutualisms such as seed dispersal and nonintimate pollination. Additionally, we show that generalists—common in nonintimate mutualisms—can also evolve in intimate mutualisms, and that their effect is similar in both types of assemblages: once generalists emerge they reshape the network organization by connecting otherwise isolated modules.
Molecular dynamics trajectories, GROMACS input files, and analysis code from "Rational optimization of a transcription factor activation domain inhibitor" by Basu et. al, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2023
<p>Molecular dynamics trajectories, GROMACS input files, and analysis code from "Rational optimization of a transcription factor activation domain inhibitor" by Basu et. al, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2023</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Habitat quality and biological community responses to innovative hydropower plant installations at transverse in-stream structures
<ol> <li>Ecological assessments of the effects of hydropower plants (HPPs) are often limited to aspects of entrainment, mortality, injuries, and passage of fish, whereas the effects on riverine habitats and biological communities in proximity to these structures are hardly documented.</li> <li>In this study, aquatic communities comprising fish, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, and periphyton as well as physical and hydromorphological parameters were investigated in upstream and downstream river sections at five transverse structures at different seasons before and after the installation of an innovative HPP.</li> <li>At all study sites, significant differences in the aquatic community composition between the assessed upstream and downstream sections were found after HPP construction, indicating distinct serial discontinuity.</li> <li>Raising the damming target at the sites Großweil and Au deteriorated the habitat conditions in the upstream area close to the weir and presumably influenced in particular the macroinvertebrate community, where a significant decrease in the density of rheophilic mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly larvae was observed after HPP construction.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>: The installation of different types of innovative HPPs has not improved the habitat conditions for rheophilic species, contrary to the promises raised by the developers of these concepts. Conversely, retrofitting existing weirs accompanied by further damming even significantly increased the effects of serial discontinuity and deteriorated the habitat conditions for rheophilic species in upstream sections. As evident from the findings of this study, habitat and biological community effects resulting from serial discontinuity should become better integrated into ecological assessments of HPP developments.</li> </ol>
Advanced Molecular Dynamics Model for Investigating Biological-Origin Microfibril Structures
<p>This data contains all necessary input file to construct the micro fibril.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.