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241 results for “Structural relationships”
Figs 67–72 in Sem Study Of Hooks In The Acanthocephala With Emphasis On Structural-Functional Relationships
Figs 67–72. SEM of proboscis and hooks
Figs 37–42 in Sem Study Of Hooks In The Acanthocephala With Emphasis On Structural-Functional Relationships
Figs 37–42. SEM of proboscis and hooks
Figs 43–48 in Sem Study Of Hooks In The Acanthocephala With Emphasis On Structural-Functional Relationships
Figs 43–48. SEM of proboscis and hooks
Figs 19–24 in Sem Study Of Hooks In The Acanthocephala With Emphasis On Structural-Functional Relationships
Figs 19–24. SEM of proboscis and hooks of Acanthocephalaus parallelcemenglanda-
Figs 85–90 in Sem Study Of Hooks In The Acanthocephala With Emphasis On Structural-Functional Relationships
Figs 85–90. Proboscis and hooks of Neo-
Figs 13–18 in Sem Study Of Hooks In The Acanthocephala With Emphasis On Structural-Functional Relationships
Figs 13–18. SEM of proboscis and hooks
Figs 115–120 in Sem Study Of Hooks In The Acanthocephala With Emphasis On Structural-Functional Relationships
Figs 115–120. Proboscis and hooks of Rhadinorhynchus hiansi (cont.) (figs
dataset for: A Distance-Based Boolean Applicability Domain for category Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
<p>Dataset for category QSAR benchmarking</p> <p> </p>
Supplementary Data for "Structure−Activity Relationships that Identify Metal−Organic Framework Catalysts for Methane Activation"
<p>DFT-optimized structures, energies, and computed physicochemical properties of metal-organic frameworks that correspond with work in "Structure−Activity Relationships that Identify Metal−Organic Framework Catalysts for Methane Activation" (DOI: <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acscatal.8b05178">10.1021/acscatal.8b05178</a>).</p>
Complex trait‒environment relationships underlie the structure of forest plant communities
<p>Traits differentially adapt plant species to particular conditions generating compositional shifts along environmental gradients. As a result, community-scale trait values show concomitant shifts, termed trait‒environment relationships. Trait‒environment relationships are often assessed by evaluating community-weighted mean (CWM) traits observed along environmental gradients. Regression-based approaches (CWMr) assume that local communities exhibit traits centered at a single optimum value and that traits do not covary meaningfully. Evidence suggests that the shape of trait‒abundance relationships can vary widely along environmental gradients—reflecting complex interactions—and traits are usually interrelated. We used a model that accounts for these factors to explore trait‒environment relationships in herbaceous forest plant communities in Wisconsin (USA). We built a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to analyze how abundances of 185 species distributed among 189 forested sites vary in response to four functional traits (vegetative height-VH, leaf size-LS, leaf mass per area-LMA, and leaf carbon content), six environmental variables describing overstory, soil, and climate conditions, and their interactions. The GLMM allowed us to assess the nature and relative strength of the resulting 24 trait‒environment relationships. We also compared results between GLMM and CWMr to explore how conclusions differ between approaches. The GLMM identified five significant trait‒environment relationships that together explain ~40% of variation in species abundances across sites. Temperature appeared as a key environmental driver, with warmer and more seasonal sites favoring taller plants. Soil texture and temperature seasonality affected LS and LMA; seasonality effects on LS and LMA were nonlinear, declining at more seasonal sites. Though often assumed for CWMr, only some traits under certain conditions had centered optimum trait‒abundance relationships. CWMr more liberally identified (13) trait‒environment relationships as significant but failed to detect the temperature-seasonality‒LMA relationship identified by the GLMM. Synthesis. Although GLMM represents a more methodologically complex approach than CWMr, it identified a reduced set of trait‒environment relationships still capable of accounting for the responses of forest understory herbs to environmental gradients. It also identified separate effects of mean and seasonal temperature on LMA that appear important in these forests, generating useful insights and supporting broader application of GLMM approach to understand trait‒environment relationships.</p>
Aqueous self-assembly of a wide range of sophorolipid and glucolipid microbial bioamphiphiles (biosurfactants): considerations about the structure-properties relationship
<p><em>Hypothesis</em></p> <p>Sophorolipids are well-known scaled-up microbial glycolipid biosurfactants with strong commercialization potential for their biological origin, mildness compared to classical surfactants. However, their properties are still poorly understood, they cannot be predicted and their behaviour in solution challenges half a century of knowledge generated in the field of surfactant science. By studying forty different types of sophorolipids, this work contributes to better tackle their structure-property relationship and identify which chemical groups in their molecular structure have a critical influence towards their self-assembly properties in water.</p> <p> </p> <p><em>Experiments</em></p> <p>This work explores the self-assembly properties at room temperature of sophorolipids and sophorosides in water using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), optical and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Structural features like the number of sugar headgroups, acetylation, end-chain functional group, (un)saturation, lactonization and length of chain are varied both to rationalize their impact and to understand their effect on the self-assembly.</p> <p> </p> <p><em>Findings</em></p> <p>The number of sugar groups, pH, (un)saturation and lactonization were found to have a critical impact in respect to the sophorolipids self-assembly. The chemical nature of the end-chain functional group and the chain length were found to have a possibly critical impact, depending on the specific type of chemical function (COOH and long chains are critical). Mono- and diacetylation, as well as position of sophorose on the fatty acid (ω, ω-1), are not critical, i.e., do not significantly influence the sophorolipids self-assembly.</p> <p><em>Hypothesis</em></p> <p>Sophorolipids are well-known scaled-up microbial glycolipid biosurfactants with strong commercialization potential for their biological origin, mildness compared to classical surfactants. However, their properties are still poorly understood, they cannot be predicted and their behaviour in solution challenges half a century of knowledge generated in the field of surfactant science. By studying forty different types of sophorolipids, this work contributes to better tackle their structure-property relationship and identify which chemical groups in their molecular structure have a critical influence towards their self-assembly properties in water.</p> <p> </p> <p><em>Experiments</em></p> <p>This work explores the self-assembly properties at room temperature of sophorolipids and sophorosides in water using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), optical and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Structural features like the number of sugar headgroups, acetylation, end-chain functional group, (un)saturation, lactonization and length of chain are varied both to rationalize their impact and to understand their effect on the self-assembly.</p> <p> </p> <p><em>Findings</em></p> <p>The number of sugar groups, pH, (un)saturation and lactonization were found to have a critical impact in respect to the sophorolipids self-assembly. The chemical nature of the end-chain functional group and the chain length were found to have a possibly critical impact, depending on the specific type of chemical function (COOH and long chains are critical). Mono- and diacetylation, as well as position of sophorose on the fatty acid (ω, ω-1), are not critical, i.e., do not significantly influence the sophorolipids self-assembly.</p>
Supplementary material and dataset for article "Structure-Function Relationship of Iron Oxide Nanoflowers: Optimal Sizes for Magnetic Hyperthermia Depending on Alternating Magnetic Field Conditions"
<p>The supporting information file contains additional measurements compared to the main manuscript of the related article: TEM size histograms, SAED and XRD patterns, absorption and fluorescence spectra, DC magnetization curves, AC hysteresis loops, HR-TEM, their FTT patterns and inverse FFT images after applying a mask in the reciprocal space, and various other plots of this multi-parametric study on the structure-properties relations of magnetic iron oxide nanoflowers. Whenever needed for comparison to other experimental results or theoretical fitting, the raw data of all DC magnetization curves, AC hysteresis loops, ZFC-FC magnetization curves vs. temperature (and their derivatives on temperature) are made freely available in this dataset.</p>
Complex trait‒environment relationships underlie the structure of forest plant communities
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Data from: Synthesizing the relationships between food web structure and robustness
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Sequence-structure-function relationships in class I MHC: a local frustration perspective
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Herbivore regulation of savanna vegetation: Structural complexity, diversity, and the complexity–diversity relationship
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Data from: Describing complex structure-function relationships in biomolecules at equilibrium
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Data from: Characterizing morphological (co)variation using structural equation models: body size, allometric relationships and evolvability in a house sparrow metapopulation
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Data from: Biomass–density relationships of plant communities deviate from the self‐thinning rule due to age structure and abiotic stress
<p>A pertinent debate in plant ecology centers around the generality of the self-thinning rule. However, studies focused on highly simplified settings such as even-aged monospecific populations or optimal conditions. This neglects the fact that most natural communities, to which the classical self-thinning slope is often applied, are age-structured, composed of multiple species and exposed to various types of abiotic stress.</p> <p>With the help of an individual-based model, we relax these simplified assumptions and systematically test for changes in the biomass–density relationships of uneven-aged, functionally diverse plant communities across a complete stress gradient, using excessive to insufficient soil water as a case study.</p> <p>We show that frequent recruitment, which resulted in an uneven-aged community, and stress intensity caused predictable changes in the entire biomass–density trajectory. Increasing stress resulted in steeper (more negative) slopes and increased the intercept in the classical self-thinning section irrespective of excessive or insufficient soil water as a stress type. Recruitment steepened the slope, too and enabled a novel section in the biomass–density trajectory. This novel section represented a quasi-steady state of the density-dependent dynamics of new generations which occurred locally within patches of recruitment. At the community level, the slope of the biomass–density relationship at quasi-steady state had a significantly flatter slope of −1.1 under optimal soil water conditions. Functional diversity showed little impact on density-dependent mortality. Namely, it resulted in an earlier onset of mortality but not in changes in the values of the slope and intercept.</p> <p>We conclude that the classical −3/2 slope is not useful to describe the biomass–density relationship in natural and semi-natural plant communities. The magnitude and direction of variation in the slope are related to the age–structure and abiotic stress intensity in the plant community.</p>
From canopy complementarity to asymmetric competition: the negative relationship between structural diversity and productivity during succession
<p>1. Positive relationships between structural diversity and forest productivity have been documented in controlled experiments and early secondary forests, however, negative relationships have also been observed in late successional forests. The mechanisms causing observed relationships between structural diversity and productivity are not well established, but complementarity among crowns and asymmetric competition have been suggested.</p> <p>2. We used LiDAR and repeated census data to examine relationship between canopy structural diversity and productivity in nine 1-ha subtropical forest plots along a disturbance gradient in southeastern China. We quantified the relative importance of community composition, species diversity, canopy structural diversity, leaf area index (LAI), and disturbance regime on productivity using piecewise structural equation modelling. We also tested how vertical leaf area distribution effected productivity.</p> <p>3. Contrary to many prior observations, we found a negative relationship between canopy structural diversity and forest productivity. The negative effect may stem from asymmetric competition between overstory and understory leaves, leading to a lower leaf area efficiency (i.e., wood production per leaf area). Asymmetric competition was suggested by a negative relationship between understory leaf area and total productivity. Changes in community composition over the disturbance gradient, but not species diversity, had a significant effect on productivity.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Our study suggests that leaf area and canopy structural diversity have contrasting effects on productivity in this subtropical forest, and this need to be considered when estimating rates of carbon sequestration in secondary forests. The negative effect of asymmetric competition on productivity is comparable to that of the shift in species composition over succession, highlighting the role of canopy structural diversity in shaping forest productivity.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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