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924 results for “TIPS”
Fig. 14. Ibotyporanga spp., female palp tip. A. I in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 14. Ibotyporanga spp., female palp tip. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov. E. I. payaya Huber sp. nov. F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov. Abbreviation: to = tarsal organ. Scale lines: 10 µm.
Linked collectors and determiners for: New species, genera, families, and range extensions of freshwater bryozoans in Brazil: the tip of the iceberg?.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "New species, genera, families, and range extensions of freshwater bryozoans in Brazil: the tip of the iceberg?". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/96372afc-2608-4f05-9d83-51971010508a">https://bionomia.net/dataset/96372afc-2608-4f05-9d83-51971010508a</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/96372afc-2608-4f05-9d83-51971010508a">https://gbif.org/dataset/96372afc-2608-4f05-9d83-51971010508a</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Astroclimate measurements on several points over Eastern hemisphere in 2-mm and 3-millimeter atmospheric transparency windows using tipping radiometer
<p>We are presenting results of the atmospheric propagation observations which our research group has been conducting since 2012. Over this time, we have gathered statistical data of atmospheric propagation over a number of sites which possibly can be used for radio astronomical observations in the millimetre and sub-millimetre bandwidths. The Zenith opacity was studied by the atmospheric dip method in the 3 mm and 2 mm atmospheric windows. The dataset is recommended to use for estimation of atmospheric propagation for the purpose of radio astronomy and telecommunications.</p> <p>The “tau-meter” (named MIAP-2) allows us to estimate an integral absorption by using the atmospheric dip method. The hardware includes a radiometric system comprising two self-contained radiometers operating in two different bands of 84-99 GHz (λ ~ 3 mm) and 132-148 GHz (λ ~ 2 mm), a rotary support, a control, and a firmware system. The radiometers work in modulation mode within 36 Hz modulation frequency. Floating mirror allows radiometer to scan the sky in the interval of 0 – 88.5 elevation angles (6 total). The output record contains the voltages of synchronous detector for each angle in 2 wavebands. The voltage is proportional to brightness temperature of the sky in corresponding waveband. (It has negative value for technical reasons.)</p> <p>The dataset contains raw data observed by radiometer: Local date and time, a several detector voltages on different elevation angles for 2 wavebands, as well as service information header. The first 6 columns contain optical depth calculated by old method and it’s no more used in data processing since the new algorithm has been invented in 2018.</p>
Water Supply Tipping Point Data and Code
<p>This publication provides code, WaterSupplyTippingPoints.R, to calculate tipping points in water supply by using a time series of deficit data. The code uses data files that are produced from an agent-based model that simulates water supply dynamics. The code uses deficit data to calculate a water supply performance metric, Sustainability Index, and implements a decision tree change point detection method detects change points. The code implements a tipping point rule that is applied to select a change point as a tipping point. Data files of deficits that are used as input are described and published at https://zenodo.org/record/3971213.</p> <p>The code can be executed for four management scenarios and 16 shifting climate scenarios. Management Strategy 1 is no management. Management Strategy 2 is retrofitting. Management Strategy 3 is retrofitting with reactive drought restrictions. Management Strategy 4 is retrofitting with proactive drought restrictions. The 16 shifting climate scenarios correspond to shifting factors equal to 0.25 - 1.0, increasing in 0.05 increments. For each of the 64 modeling scenarios (16 climate settings X 4 management strategies), 100 simulations were run to capture stochasticity.</p> <p>The output from the code are provided in a set of .csv files, attached here. Data files (TippingPoints-mgmt1.csv, TippingPoints-mgmt2.csv, TippingPoints-mgmt3.csv, TippingPoints-mgmt4.csv) list the 100 tipping points that were identified for each shifting factor and each management strategy. Columns (V1, V2, ... V100) are 100 unique and randomized simulations for each modeling scenario. Rows correspond to shifting factors, where Row 1 is shifting factor 0.25, and Row 16 is shifting factor 1.00.</p>
Text-fig. 3. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of fruits of Canrightia foveolata sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of fruit showing prominent rim around the middle of the fruit with reduced tepals (arrowheads) and partly abraded fruit wall exposing the pitted endotesta surface of one of two seeds (arrow); note two of the vascular bundles (vb) extending from the base of the fruit to the tepals; b) Voltex of fruit showing prominent rim around the fruit (arrowhead) and dense precipitation of crystals in the endothelium cells of one of the two seeds in the fruit; c) Longitudinal section of fruit (orthoslice yz0520) showing the inferred hypanthium rim (arrow head) and two seeds, one with a dense precipitation of crystals; note the prominent endothelium cells (asterisks) of the inner integument and the well-developed fruit wall above the seeds; d) Transverse section through basal part of fruit and seeds close to the micropyle (orthoslice xy0312) showing partly abraded fruit wall with five vascular bundles (vb) and details of the seed coat with endotesta (oi-end) surrounding the tegmen consisting of an outer epidermis (ii-o), middle layer (ii-m) and a distinct inner epidermis (endothelium) consisting of radially elongated cells (asterisk); e) Transverse section (orthoslice xy1680) through apical part of the fruit close to chalaza showing the tips of two seeds; note the endotesta (oi-end) surrounded by thick-walled cells of the exotesta (oi-o); f) Transverse section (orthoslice xy1485) through fruit in the region of the hypanthium rim showing sections through the two seeds close to the chalazal region; note endotesta (oi-end) surrounded by larger cells of exotesta (oi-o) and fruit wall (fr). Specimen, Catefica 49-S174249 (holotype, a–f). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–c, e, f), 100 Μm (d). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 3. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of fruits of Canrightia foveolata sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of fruit showing prominent rim around the middle of the fruit with reduced tepals (arrowheads) and partly abraded fruit wall exposing the pitted endotesta surface of one of two seeds (arrow); note two of the vascular bundles (vb) extending from the base of the fruit to the tepals; b) Voltex of fruit showing prominent rim around the fruit (arrowhead) and dense precipitation of crystals in the endothelium cells of one of the two seeds in the fruit; c) Longitudinal section of fruit (orthoslice yz0520) showing the inferred hypanthium rim (arrow head) and two seeds, one with a dense precipitation of crystals; note the prominent endothelium cells (asterisks) of the inner integument and the well-developed fruit wall above the seeds; d) Transverse section through basal part of fruit and seeds close to the micropyle (orthoslice xy0312) showing partly abraded fruit wall with five vascular bundles (vb) and details of the seed coat with endotesta (oi-end) surrounding the tegmen consisting of an outer epidermis (ii-o), middle layer (ii-m) and a distinct inner epidermis (endothelium) consisting of radially elongated cells (asterisk); e) Transverse section (orthoslice xy1680) through apical part of the fruit close to chalaza showing the tips of two seeds; note the endotesta (oi-end) surrounded by thick-walled cells of the exotesta (oi-o); f) Transverse section (orthoslice xy1485) through fruit in the region of the hypanthium rim showing sections through the two seeds close to the chalazal region; note endotesta (oi-end) surrounded by larger cells of exotesta (oi-o) and fruit wall (fr). Specimen, Catefica 49-S174249 (holotype, a–f). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–c, e, f), 100 Μm (d).
Text-fig. 20. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b–h) images of fruits of Appomattoxia sp. (a–d) and anther and pollen of Goczania rugosa (e–h); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Surface rendering of fruit in lateral view showing densely spaced hairs, some with delicate coiled tips; b) Fruit in lateral view showing short, densely spaced hairs and apical stigmatic region; c, d) Detail of fruit surface and hairs from fruit in (b); e) Fragmentary anther showing four pollen sacs; f) Proximal view of pollen grains from an abraded anther showing microechinate surface of pollen wall and clusters of small, spiny orbicules; g, h) Proximal (g) and distal (h) views of pollen grains from an isolated pollen sac, showing short colpus (h), tectate pollen wall and microechinate surface ornamentation. Specimens, Catefica 49-S174913 (a), Catefica 49-S107794 (b–d), Catefica 50-S170391 (e), Catefica 49-S170138 (f), Catefica 49-S170143 (g, h). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b, e), 100 Μm (c), 50 Μm (d), 6 Μm (f–h). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 20. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b–h) images of fruits of Appomattoxia sp. (a–d) and anther and pollen of Goczania rugosa (e–h); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Surface rendering of fruit in lateral view showing densely spaced hairs, some with delicate coiled tips; b) Fruit in lateral view showing short, densely spaced hairs and apical stigmatic region; c, d) Detail of fruit surface and hairs from fruit in (b); e) Fragmentary anther showing four pollen sacs; f) Proximal view of pollen grains from an abraded anther showing microechinate surface of pollen wall and clusters of small, spiny orbicules; g, h) Proximal (g) and distal (h) views of pollen grains from an isolated pollen sac, showing short colpus (h), tectate pollen wall and microechinate surface ornamentation. Specimens, Catefica 49-S174913 (a), Catefica 49-S107794 (b–d), Catefica 50-S170391 (e), Catefica 49-S170138 (f), Catefica 49-S170143 (g, h). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b, e), 100 Μm (c), 50 Μm (d), 6 Μm (f–h).
Machine Learning the Tip of the Red Giant Branch
<p># Reproduction package for the Paper "Machine Learning the Tip of the Red Giant Branch"<br> ## Authors<br> Mitchell T. Dennis (mtde226@hawaii.edu)<br> Jeremy Sakstein (sakstein@hawaii.edu)<br> ## Software<br> MESA version 15140 (http://mesa.sourceforge.net/) <br> MESASDK version 20210401 (http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~townsend/static.php?ref=mesasdk) <br> GFORTRAN GCC version 9.2.0<br> ## Citation Policy<br> If you use any part of this reproduction package for independent work, we recommend you cite the following papers:</p> <p>* This paper<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 192, 3 (2011)<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 208, 4 (2013)<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 234, 34 (2018)<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 243, 10 (2019)</p> <p> </p> <p>For more information, see the Readme.md</p>
Tip of the Red Giant Branch Bounds on the Axion-Electron Coupling Revisited
<p># Reproduction package for the Paper "Tip of the Red Giant Branch Bounds on the Axion-Electron Coupling Revisited"<br> ## Authors<br> Mitchell T. Dennis (mtde226@hawaii.edu)<br> Jeremy Sakstein (sakstein@hawaii.edu)<br> ## Software<br> MESA version 12778 (http://mesa.sourceforge.net/) <br> MESASDK version 20200325 (http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~townsend/static.php?ref=mesasdk) <br> GFORTRAN GCC version 9.2.0<br> Python 3.8.10<br> TensorFlow 2.4.1<br> ## Citation Policy<br> If you use any part of this reproduction package for independent work, we recommend you cite:<br> * This paper<br> If you use any of the MESA outputs found in the LOGS folder, we recommend you cite the MESA papers<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 192, 3 (2011)<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 208, 4 (2013)<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 234, 34 (2018)<br> * Astrophys. J. Suppl. 243, 10 (2019)</p> <p> </p> <p>For more information, see the Readme.md</p>
Supplementary Material for Nine tips for ecologists using machine learning
<p>R code and data to reproduce the analysis in "Nine tips for ecologists using machine learning" (https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.10472)</p>
Extreme Climate Risks and Financial Tipping Points
<p>This repository contains the data and the source code for the simulations and figures of the article.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Designing climate change policies requires considering the feedback loops between mitigation and adaptation, since more mitigation efforts today will trigger lower adaptation costs. In this framework, carbon taxes are often seen as promising tools but at the risk of financially overburdening the private sector, depriving it of important economic resources. However, analyzing the financial feasibility of mitigation-adaptation policies using conventional Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) is limited, as they do not simultaneously endogenize economic growth, emissions, and damages.</p> <p>Here, we present IDEE (Integrated Dynamic Environment-Economic), a new IAM based on the coupling of an Earth Model of Intermediate Complexity and a non-linear macroeconomic model in continuous time. Then, we analyze the simultaneous effects of carbon taxes and public spending, both on climate and on the world economy. We show that, above a warming about +2.3°C, damages drastically foster the need for additional investments in productive capital—an adaptation necessity—that potentially leads private firms to a debt overhang and a worldwide cascade of defaults. This suggests that the Paris Agreement target should not only be motivated by the climatic non-linearities and tipping points arising beyond the +2°C threshold, but also by the emergence of financial tipping points. We also show that, provided public subsidies are high enough, a tax of usd 300 per tCO<sub>2</sub>e by 2030 enables reaching net-zero emissions in 2050, preventing firms from suffering global bankruptcy.</p> <p>We anticipate IDEE to be a starting point for a new class of IAMs that better represent the reciprocal feedback loops between the environment and the economy.</p>
Data for: Multilayered regulation of developmentally programmed pre-anthesis tip degeneration of the barley inflorescence
<p><span>In cereal crops such as barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L.), pre-anthesis tip degeneration (PTD) starts with growth arrest of the inflorescence meristem dome, followed basipetally by the degeneration of floral primordia and the central axis. Due to its quantitative nature and environmental sensitivity, inflorescence PTD constitutes a complex, multilayered trait affecting final grain number. This trait was studied by microscopic dissection of immature inflorescence meristems under standardized growth conditions. We combined spatiotemporal metabolomic, transcriptomic, and genetic approaches to elucidate the mechanism of barley inflorescence PTD in two- and six-rowed barley cultivars 'Bowman' and 'Morex,' respectively. Metabolome profiling includes hormones and primary metabolites such as sugars, TCA intermediates, and amino acids by dividing spike meristems into dying apical and viable central and basal parts at four developmental stages during the spike growth phase. </span>Similarly, RNA sequencing was performed for three developmental stages in both genotypes. RNA sequencing data analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed and tissue-specific transcripts. Further, PTD-associated hub genes were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Based on transcriptome analyses, we identified an important modulator of inflorescence PTD and functionally validated it using Cas9-mediated mutagenesis and gene-based associated study using a diverse panel of barley accessions. </p>
Impacts of taxon-sampling schemes on Bayesian tip dating under the fossilized birth-death process
<p>Evolutionary timescales can be inferred by molecular-clock analyses of genetic data and fossil evidence. Bayesian phylogenetic methods such as tip dating provide a powerful framework for inferring evolutionary timescales, but the most widely used priors for tree topologies and node times often assume that present-day taxa have been sampled randomly or exhaustively. In practice, taxon sampling is often carried out so as to include representatives of major lineages, such as orders or families. We examined the impacts of different densities of diversified sampling on Bayesian tip dating on unresolved fossilized birth-death (FBD) trees, in which fossil taxa are topologically constrained but their exact placements are averaged out. We used synthetic data generated by simulations of nucleotide sequence evolution, fossil occurrences, and diversified taxon sampling. Our analyses under the diversified-sampling FBD process show that increasing taxon-sampling density does not necessarily improve divergence-time estimates. However, when informative priors were specified for the root age or when tree topologies were fixed to those used for simulation, the performance of tip dating on unresolved FBD trees maintains its accuracy and precision or improves with taxon-sampling density. By exploring three situations in which models are mismatched, we find that including all relevant fossils, without pruning off those that are incompatible with the diversified-sampling FBD process, can lead to underestimation of divergence times. Our reanalysis of a eutherian mammal data set confirms some of the findings from our simulation study, and reveals the complexity of diversified taxon sampling in phylogenomic data sets. In highlighting the interplay of taxon-sampling density and other factors, the results of our study have practical implications for using Bayesian tip dating to infer evolutionary timescales across the Tree of Life.</p>
Tip of the Red Giant Branch Bounds on the Neutrino Magnetic Dipole Moment Revisited
<p>Reproduction Package for the Paper "Tip of the Red Giant Branch Bounds on the Neutrino Magnetic Dipole Moment Revisited".</p> <p><strong>File Organization</strong></p> <ul> <li>MESA: MESA modifications to include losses due to the neutrino magnetic dipole moment, scripts to run the grid of models, and post processing pipeline scripts including the Worthey \& Lee bolometric correction code.</li> <li>ML_models: Machine learning code to train and use the models as well as the models themselves.</li> <li>analysis: Plotting code to create figures for papers and presentations.</li> <li>makeGrids: Scripts to create the different input grid files to run MESA on.</li> <li>mcmc: Scripts and plots for the MCMC analysis.</li> <li>mesa_data: All MESA models generated in this project.</li> <li>environment.yml: Conda environment for analysis and the mcmc. </li> </ul> <p>More details can be found in the README files within each directory.</p> <p><strong>Citation Policy</strong><br> If you use any part of this reproduction package for independent work, we recommend you cite the following papers:</p> <ul> <li>This paper</li> <li>https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.12069</li> <li>https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.03113</li> <li>Astrophys. J. Suppl. 192, 3 (2011)</li> <li>Astrophys. J. Suppl. 208, 4 (2013)</li> <li>Astrophys. J. Suppl. 234, 34 (2018)</li> <li>Astrophys. J. Suppl. 243, 10 (2019)</li> </ul> <p><strong>Software</strong></p> <p>Python version 3.8, NumPy version 1.22.3, Pandas version 1.4.3, Matplotlib version 3.5.1, Seaborn version 0.11.2, Tensorflow version 2.4.1, corner version 2.2.1, emcee version 3.1.2, MESA version 12778, MESASDK version x86_64-linux-20.3.2.</p>
5 Tips to handle Open Access Publication Costs
<p>This video (duration 1:51), produced as part of the project "Austrian Transition to Open Access 2" addresses employees at research institutions involved in processing invoices for scientific publications (especially accountants, departmental assistants, secretaries). It aims to sensitize this group to the importance of OA cost monitoring and the correct handling of OA invoices. The video also provides tips on how to detect (e.g. by means of pertinent publishing houses as creditors) and post OA invoices adequately.</p>
Replication data for: Effect of Regional Marine Cloud Brightening Interventions on Climate Tipping Points
<p>Data for reproduction of Hirasawa, H., Hingmire, D., Singh, H., Rasch, P. J., & Mitra, P. (2023). Effect of regional marine cloud brightening interventions on climate tipping elements. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2023GL104314. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL104314</p> <p>Includes:</p> <ul> <li>Raw monthly 2m temperature (TREFHT) and precipitation (PRECT) data from CESM2 MCB simulations.</li> <li>Ensemble mean data from CESM2 Large Ensemble</li> <li>Tipping point metric timeseries from CESM2 LE Historical and SSP2-4.5 and CESM2 MCB simulations.</li> <li>Jupyter notebook displaying plotting script</li> <li>Scripts showing procedure for computing tipping point metrics</li> <li>CAM6 SourceMod changes to apply cloud droplet number concentration perturbations</li> <li>Top of atmosphere long and shortwave anomalies from fixed sea surface temperature simulations for computing effective radiative forcing</li> </ul>
Approaching a thermal tipping point in the Eurasian boreal forest at its southern margin
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Data from: Tactile bill-tip organs in seabirds suggests conservation of a deep avian symplesiomorphy
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Clockor2: Inferring global and local strict molecular clocks using root-to-tip regression
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Data for: Multilayered regulation of developmentally programmed pre-anthesis tip degeneration of the barley inflorescence
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Data from: Avoiding impacts of phylogenetic tip-state-errors on dispersal and extirpation rates in alpine plant biogeography
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.