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Fig. 2 in The oldest birotule-bearing freshwater sponges from the Upper Cretaceous-lower Paleocene Deccan volcanic-associated sediments of India

Fig. 2. Megascleres of palaeospongillid sponge Longibirotula antiqua gen. et sp. nov. from Upper Cretaceous–lower Paleocene of Naskal GSI Quarry (India). A–I. Oxeas (slides PGNU/NSKQ/SL-1–13) slim to stout with variably pointed tips. Diagenetic processes affect all spicules to various degree. Scale bars 20 µm. { fig. will be greyscale in printed version}

Fig. 1 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 1. Map showing location od the study area (A) and the three fossiliferous localities (asterisked) of the Springhill Formation, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina (B). C. Stratigraphic section of the Springhill Formation in the Estancia El Álamo locality.

Fig. 5 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 5. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. A, B. Trunk showing diameter and incomplete length. Note branches (arrows). C. Deep intrusion of the trunk into the deposits. D. Detail of the decorticated trunk.

Fig. 9 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 9. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. Details of radial sections under SEM. A. Tracheid with slightly flattened pits (arrow). B. Tracheid showing contiguous pits with circular inner aperture. C–E. Araucarioid crossfield pits. C. General aspect. D. Contiguous alternate bordered pits placed in four vertical rows. Note circular pits in outline and circular inner aperture. E. Detail of inner apertures infilled with Si cement in elliptical form (arrow). Scale bars: A, B, E, 25 µm; C, 100 µm; D, 5 µm.

Fig. 4 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 4. XRD and SEM/EDS mineralogical and chemical analysis of Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. A. XRD pattern of the bulk sample showing quartz composition of the trunk. B. XRD pattern of the clay fraction showing no presence of clay minerals in the trunk. C, D. SEM of crossfield pits and tracheids in radial section. Note that quadrangular and rectangular areas correspond to the spot analysis shown in E–I. E–I. EDS patterns of xylem elements. E. Parenchyma ray cell wall. F. Inner aperture in crossfield pits. G, H. Tracheids cell walls. I. Tracheid pit cavity. All the EDS patterns are showing Si and O components.

Fig. 8 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 8. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. Radial sections observed under SEM. A. General aspect showing ray cells (arrow), crossfields pits (circle), axial tracheids (arrowhead). B. Detail of tracheids with uniseriate, and contiguous pits, arrow shows transition from biseriate to uniseriate pit rows. C. Detail of tracheids with biseriate, contiguous, and alternate to subopposite pits. Scale bars: A, B, 200 µm; C, 100 µm.

Fig. 3 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 3. Trunk location in the tectostratigraphic framework of the initial infilling of the AustralMagallanes Basin, from the rift stage to the beginning of the foreland stage (modified from Poiré et al. 2017). Not to scale.

Fig. 2 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 2. Outcrops of the Springhill Formation in the Estancia El Álamo locality. A. Panoramic view of the Springhill Formation outcrop overlying the El Quemado Complex. B. Polymictic conglomerate beds with a sandstone bed intercalation, Springhill Formation. C. Detail of the polymictic conglomerate with siliceous (S) and volcanic (V) clasts. D. Pyroclastic (P) and siliceous (S) clasts in the conglomerate.

Fig. 7 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 7. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. Transverse sections observed under LM. A. General aspect showing numerous, at least five frost rings (brackets). B, C. Detail of frost rings. B. Two frost rings. Note normal and rectilinear trajectory of rays (arrows) alternate with more sinuous and distended rays (arrowheads). C. Detail of frost ring cell layers, from inside to outside. Note normal tracheids that gradually grade into irregular shaped tracheids (bar) followed by a dark layer of collapsed dead cells (arrow) followed by a layer of distorted axial tracheids difficult to recognise individually. Also note dark contents in lumen cells. Scale bars: A, 3 mm; B, 1.5 mm; C, 150 µm.

Fig. 6 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 6. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. Wood sections observed under LM. A–C. Transverse view. A. Slightly marked growth ring (arrows). B. Detail of growth ring, arrow shows layers of rectangularflattened latewood tracheids. C. Detail of earlywood tracheids and rectilinear trajectory of rays (arrow). D–G. Longitudinal tangential view. D. General aspect, arrows indicate partially biseriate rays. E–G. Details of biseriate rays (arrows), arrowhead shows resin plugs. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, C, 150 µm; D–G, 100 µm.

Fig. 10 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 10. Hypothetical scenario in the Estancia El Álamo locality (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian) following volcanic disturbances. A. Preeruption stage. Seedlings, juvenile, and mature trees of Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. growing in a warm almost subtropical palaeoenvironment. Note volcanoes in the distance. Photo shows wood with slightly growth ring. B. Initial eruption stage. Volcanoes begin to eject silicate dust and sulfur compounds into the stratosphere. C. Climax eruption stage. Aerosol layer thickness is markedly increased producing the decrease of the surface air temperature below subzero values. Photo shows wood damaged by frost. D. Posteruption stage. Volcanoes activity begins to cease and temperature begins to rise to original values.

Fig. 8 in Oligocene plant assemblage from Rębiszów, Lower Silesia: First "volcanic flora" from Poland

Fig. 8. Angiosperms impressions from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Poland, late Oligocene. A. Dombeyopsis lobata Unger, 1850, KRAM-P 128/462, leaf. B. cf. Rosa lignitum Heer, 1869, KRAM-P 128/401, leaf. Scale bars 5 mm.

Fig. 6 in Oligocene plant assemblage from Rębiszów, Lower Silesia: First "volcanic flora" from Poland

Fig. 6. Angiosperms impressions from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Poland, late Oligocene. A. cf. Trigonobalanopsis rhamnoides (Rossmässler, 1849) Walther and Kvaček, 1988, KRAM-P 128/305, leaf. B. Trigonobalanopsis exacantha (Mai, 1970) Kvaček and Walther, 1988, KRAM-P 128/185, cupules. C. Quercus sp. or Castanopsis sp., KRAM-P 128/313, fruit. D. Populus cf. zaddachii Heer, 1959, KRAM-P 128/511, leaf. E. Sloanea artocarpites (Ettingshausen, 1869) Kvaček and Hably, 2001, KRAM-P 128/433, leaf. F, G. cf. "Quercus" bavarica Knobloch and Kvaček, 2004, leaves. F. KRAM-P 128/79. G. KRAM-P 128/212. H. Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis (Rossmässler, 1840) Walther and Kvaček, 1989, KRAM-P 128/234, leaf. Scale bars: A–C, 5 mm; D–H, 10 mm.

Fig. 5 in Oligocene plant assemblage from Rębiszów, Lower Silesia: First "volcanic flora" from Poland

Fig. 5. Angiosperms impressions from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Poland, late Oligocene. A. Carpinus sp. vel Ostrya sp., KRAM-P 128/546, leaf. B. Paliurus favonii Unger, 1847, KRAM-P 128/165, fruit. C, D, F. Majanthemophyllum basinerve (Rossmässler, 1840) Knobloch and Kvaček, 1996, leaves. C. KRAM-P 128/571. D. KRAM-P 128/289. F. KRAM-P 128/212. E. Vitis sp. or Ampelopsis sp., KRAM-P 128/205, leaf. G. Ampelopsis cf. rotundata Chandler, 1925, KRAM-P 128/109, seed. Scale bars: A, C–F, 10 mm; B, G, 1 mm.

Fig. 3 in Oligocene plant assemblage from Rębiszów, Lower Silesia: First "volcanic flora" from Poland

Fig. 3. Angiosperms impressions from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Poland, late Oligocene. A. Alnus julianiformis (Sternberg, 1823) Kvaček and Holy, 1974, KRAM-P 128/347, leaf. B. Ulmus fischeri Heer, 1856, KRAM-P 128/149, leaf. C. Liriodendron haueri Ettingshausen, 1869, KRAM-P 128/318, fruit. D. Acer cf. hercynicum Mai, 1978, KRAM-P 128/118, fruit. E. Craigia bronnii (Unger, 1845) Kvaček, Bůžek, and Manchester, 1991, KRAM-P 128/203, fruit. F. Alnus kefersteinii (Goeppert, 1838) Unger, 1845, KRAM-P 128/44, infructescence. Scale bars: A, B, F, 10 mm; C, D, 5 mm; E, 2 mm.

Fig. 7 in Oligocene plant assemblage from Rębiszów, Lower Silesia: First "volcanic flora" from Poland

Fig. 7. Angiosperms impressions from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Poland, late Oligocene. A, E. cf. Cedrela macrophylla Andreánszky, 1955, leaves. A. KRAM-P 128/570. E. KRAM-P 128/516. B. Alnus cf. gaudinii (Heer, 1856) Knobloch and Kvaček, 1976, KRAM-P 128/390, leaf. C. cf. Acer tricuspidatum Bronn, 1838, KRAM-P 128/388, leaf. D. Prunus cf. scharfii Gregor, 1978, KRAM-P 128/352, endocarp. Scale bars: A–C, E, 10 mm; D, 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in Oligocene plant assemblage from Rębiszów, Lower Silesia: First "volcanic flora" from Poland

Fig. 4. Angiosperms impressions from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Poland, late Oligocene. A. cf. Laurophyllum acutimontanum Mai, 1963, leaf, KRAM-P 128/436. B–D. Daphnogene cinnamomifolia (Brongniart, 1822) Unger, 1850 forma lanceolata sensu Kvaček and Walther (1995), leaves. B. KRAM-P 128/131. C. KRAM-P 128/397. D. KRAM-P 128/298. E. Daphnogene cinnamomifolia (Brongniart, 1822) Unger, 1850 forma cinnamomifolia sensu Kvaček and Walther (1995), KRAM-P 128/256, leaf. F. Acer cf. polymorphoides Mai, 1987, KRAM-P 128/415, fruit. G. Mahonia sp., KRAM-P 128/35, leaf. H. Tsuga cf. moenana Kirchheimer, 1935, KRAM-P 128/75, cone. I. Ostrya atlantidis Unger, 1850, KRAM-P 128/318, fruit. J. cf. Leguminosites sp. or cf. Rhodomyrtophyllum sp., KRAM-P 128/88, leaf. K. Mahonia sp., KRAM-P 128/291, leaf. Scale bars: A–E, 10 mm; H, G, 5 mm; K, 3 mm; F, H, J, 2.5 mm; I, 1 mm.

Fig. 2 in Oligocene plant assemblage from Rębiszów, Lower Silesia: First "volcanic flora" from Poland

Fig. 2. Conifers impressions from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Poland, late Oligocene. A. Calocedrus suleticensis (Brabenec, 1909) Kvaček, 1999, KRAM-P 128/38, twig. B. cf. Tsuga sp., KRAM-P 128/50, twigs. C. Cunninghamia cf. miocenica Ettingshausen, 1872, KRAM-P 128/251, cone scale. D. Cryptomeria cf. rhenana Kilpper, 1968, KRAM-P 128/1; twigs (D1), cone (D2). Scale bars: A, B, D1, 10 mm; C, D2, 5 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2018View details →

Database of Pines from the Forests paper: "Intraspecific Variation in Pines from the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Grown Under Two Watering Regimes: Implications for Management of Genetic Resources"

Raw data from the Forests paper: "Intraspecific Variation in Pines from the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Grown under Two Watering Regimes: Implications for Management of Genetic Resources" Forests 2018 9(2), 71. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9020071">10.3390/f9020071. </a> The database correspond to seedlings of four Mexican pines: P. oocarpa, P. patula and P. pseudostrobus, that were submitted to two watering treatments: Field Capacity (FC) and Drought-Stress (DS), during 90 days. Growth and biomass, survival and ontogenetic score were measured.