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61 results for “alder”
Data for: Tree-ring 15N isotope of red alder
<p>Nitrogen (N) accretion rates under N<sub>2</sub>-fixing tree species can vary with site condition and possibly decline over time with down-regulation of N fixation. Tree-ring δ<sup>15</sup>N may depict these site-specific, long-term patterns in N dynamics, but field trials with N<sub>2-</sub>fixing tree species are lacking. We examined whether tree-ring δ<sup>15</sup>N of N<sub>2</sub>-fixing red alder (<em>Alnus rubra</em>) would mirror N accretion rates and δ<sup>15</sup>N of soils. We sampled a 27-year-old replacement series trial on southeastern Vancouver Island with red alder and coastal Douglas-fir (<em>Pseudotsuga menziesii</em>) in five proportions (0/100, 11/89, 25/75, 50/50, and 100/0, respectively). A<span>n escalation in forest floor N content was evident with an increasing proportion of red alder, equivalent to a difference of approximately 750 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup> between 100% Douglas-fir vs. 100% alder. The forest floor horizon was also enriched in </span>δ<sup>15</sup>N<span> under denser red alder treatments. </span><span>Red alder had a consistent quadratic fit in tree-ring </span><span>δ</span><sup><span>15</span></sup><span>N over time, with a net increase of </span><span>1.5</span><span>‰</span><span>, on average, before declining slightly. Douglas-fir tree-ring </span><span>δ</span><sup><span>15</span></sup><span>N, in contrast, was largely unchanged over time (in 3 of 4 plots) but significantly enriched in the 50/50 mix. The minor differences in current litter N content and leaf </span><span>δ</span><span>15</span><span>N between alder and Douglas-fir suggests the declining trend in alder tree-ring </span><span>δ</span><sup><span>15</span></sup><span>N could coincide with lower N-fixation rates, either by down-regulation via nitrate availability or loss in alder vigour with shading and drought. We suggest tree-ring </span><span>δ</span><sup><span>15</span></sup><span>N can provide insights into the abiotic constraints and facultative/obligate nature of N fixation for N<sub>2</sub>-fixing trees.</span></p>
Acceleration of Diels-Alder reactions by mechanical distortion
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Data for: Evaluating Golden-winged Warbler use of alder and aspen communities managed with shearing in the western Great Lakes
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Data characterizing symbiosis between the alder bark beetle and Neonectria bordenii
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Photo-responsive Diels–Alder-based azobenzene-functionalized main-chain liquid crystal networks
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Data for: Tree-ring 15N isotope of red alder
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Alder Canker Survey Initiated 2005
This data set is a permanent record of the extent of canker infection in Alnus tenuifolia throughout interior and south-central Alaska during 2005. During the summer of 2005, we initiated a long-term monitoring of the stem canker (putatively Valsa melanodiscus) infection of Alnus tenuifolia that is resulting in widespread growth suppression, branch dieback, and ramet mortality of the host throughout south-central and interior Alaska. Replicated sites were selected along the Tanana River in interior Alaska, along the Eagle River in the Anchorage Basin, and along Quartz Creek on the Kenai Peninsula. All stems within large (300 to 900 m2 plots) were measured, permanently tagged (if > 4 cm diameter DBH) and canker infection described. Binary codes for progressive states of canker infection were noted for every stem. It is these data that are listed in this file. Additional data on nitrogen fixation rates, nodule biomass, leaf and soil chemistry, and Frankia haplotype characterization using PCR/RFLP were collected. These additional data sets will be posted separately.
Data from: Thermal segregation drives patterns of alder and willow expansion in a montane ecosystem subject to climate warming
1.Tall-shrub expansion into low-statured communities, a hallmark of recent vegetative change across tundra ecosystems, involves three major genera: Alnus, Betula, and Salix. Which genus expands most into tundra landscapes will determine ecosystem properties. 2.We show that Alnus and Salix shrubs segregate thermal space (elevation x insolation) and colonize tundra landscapes differently in response to climate warming, thereby replacing different tundra types. 3.Vegetative change estimated from repeat photography should account for hill-slope. Methodologically, slope determines surface area estimated from orthophotos as projected pixel area times secant of pixel slope. Ecologically, the change in thermally-responsive vegetative area is sensitive to terrain steepness, scaling as the cosecant of hill-slope, so that studies should expect more shrub expansion in areas of shallow slopes than steep slopes. 4.Repeat aerial photography in Alaska's Chugach Mountains from 1972-2012 orthorectified on high-resolution lidar DEM indicated tall Salix was rare in 1972 and colonized warmer slopes by 2012. Tall Alnus colonized steeper, cooler slopes both by 2012 and by 1972. Salix and forest colonized similar thermal space. Colonization probability for both shrub genera was maximized at intermediate elevations. 5.Alnus colonization adjacent to dwarf-shrub tundra was twenty-times as likely as Salix colonization. Salix colonization adjacent to low-shrub/herbaceous tundra was three-times as likely as Alnus colonization. Replacement of dwarf-shrub tundra by Alnus and of low-shrub/herbaceous communities by Salix will affect herbivores and soil properties. 6.Good agreement between observations of plant functional type and multinomial predictions in a thermal space defined by elevation and insolation suggested that these two variables were sufficient for forecast modeling. Spatially explicit, climate-driven GLM multinomial and random forest classification models in available thermal space forecast surface areas of forest, Alnus, Salix, and tundra over a range of warming, modeled as upward shifted isotherms, including expected IPCC scenarios. Both modeling approaches indicated that shrubs may respond non-linearly to warming. 7.Synthesis The provision of taxon-specific coefficients for climate-driven, spatially-explicit models using high resolution digital elevation models is necessary for accurately forecasting vegetative change due to climate warming in montane and arctic regions.
FIGURE 2 A–D.00 in An unusual dendrodorid: redescription of the tropical nudibranch Dendrodoris atromaculata (Alder & Hancock, 1864) (Anthobranchia: Doridoidea: Dendrodorididae)
FIGURE 2 A–D.00Composite drawings of Dendrodoris atromaculata (preserved material) showing: A. compound dorsal tubercule. B. anterior part of the digestive system. C. posterior part of the digestive system. D. arrangement of the postgonadial reproductive system. amp = ampulla, an = anus, bc = bursa copulatrix, bw = body wall, es = exit to stomach, hd = hermaphroditic duct, int = intestine, mb = muscular bulb, mo = mouth, ng = nidamental gland, np = notal papilla, oes = oesophagus, ot = oral tube, ov = oviduct, pg = prostate gland, ph = pharynx, pb = pyloric bulb (not present in all individuals), ptd = ptyaline duct, ptg = ptyaline gland, rm = retractor muscle, rs = receptaculum seminis, sg = salivary gland, va = vagina, vd = vas deferens, vg = vestibular gland. Scale bars = 2 mm.
Data from: Impact of environmental conditions on wood anatomical traits of green alder (Alnus alnobetula) at the alpine treeline
<p><strong>The data file</strong> (<em>Alnus alnobetula</em>_Wood anatomy.xlsx) contains all raw data, which have been used to create Figures 3-7 in the article.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data are documented in the following article</strong>:</p> <p>Gruber A, G Wieser, M Fink, W Oberhuber (2024) Impact of environmental conditions on wood anatomical traits of green alder (<em>Alnus alnobetula</em>) at the alpine treeline.<strong> Forests, 15, 24; doi:10.3390/f15010024 <br></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Summary</strong></p> <p>Due to land use change, green alder (<em>Alnus alnobetula</em>), formerly restricted to moist slopes, is now expanding to drier south-facing sites at the alpine treeline. To evaluate wood anatomical adaptations, we analyzed vessel characteristics (mean vessel area, MVA; vessel density, VD; and theoretic conductive area, TCA) and axial parenchyma abundance, as well as their distribution in the annual ring at a moist north-facing and a dry south-facing site at the alpine treeline (2150 m asl) on Mt. Patscherkofel (Central European Alps, Austria). Results revealed that lower soil water availability and enhanced evaporative demand did not affect MVA, while VD and TCA were significantly reduced at the dry south-facing site. This suggests that in <em>A. alnobetula</em>, vessel size is a static trait whereas vessel number responds plastic. Harsh environmental conditions at the distributional limit of <em>A. alnobetula</em> led to a near semi-ring-porous distribution of vessels and an accumulation of parenchyma in the late growing season. We conclude that in a warmer and drier climate, physiological stress may set limits to the distribution of <em>A. alnobetula</em> at drought-prone sites at the alpine treeline.</p>
Data for: Soil moisture, N, P, and forest cover effects on N fixation in alders in the southern boreal forest
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Tripartite symbioses regulate plant-soil feedback in alder
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Data from: Thermal segregation drives patterns of alder and willow expansion in a montane ecosystem subject to climate warming
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Nel-Rep plots: Spruce and alder heights and diameters 1990-1997
This experiment considers the growth of white spruce and green alder under a variety of densities. The plantation lay-out is a combination of Nelder plots and a classical replacement series. Densities within individual plots range over four orders of magnitude, and the experiment as a whole includes plots with five different species ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100). The spruce were planted in 1990 and the alders planted in 1991. Dead seedlings were replaced during the first five years of the study. This text file includes height and diameter measurements of spruce and alder from 1990 to 2002 (some years absent), and other measurements such as dead number for each year. Units of measurement for height and diameter are 'CM' and 'mm', respectively. 'SPMIX' means different percentage of spruce and alder in each block.
Data from: De novo discovery and multiplexed amplification of microsatellite markers for black alder (Alnus glutinosa) and related species using SSR-enriched shotgun pyrosequencing.
Recent developments in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics analyses provide an unprecedented opportunity for cost and time effective high quality microsatellite marker discovery in non-model organisms for which no genomic information is available. Here, we use shotgun pyrosequencing of a microsatellite-enriched library to develop, for the first time, microsatellite markers for Alnus glutinosa, a keystone tree species of European riparian woodland communities. From a total of 17,855 short sequences, we identified 590 perfect microsatellites from which 392 had designed primers. A subset of 48 loci were tested for amplification, twelve of which were polymorphic in A. glutinosa. These twelve loci were successfully co-amplified in a single multiplex PCR experiment and validated for population genetics applications. In addition, ten and eight of these microsatellites were found to be transferable to the related A. incana and A. cordata species. The developed multiplex of 12 microsatellite markers therefore provides new opportunities for experimental evolutionary and forest genetics research in Alnus.
Fig. 2 in A swimming medusoid gonophore in the life cycle of Ventromma halecioides (Alder, 1859) (Hydrozoa: Leptothecata: Kirchenpaueriidae)
Fig. 2. (A-B) Male medusoid either showing colors in life (A), or stained (B) and displaying an Y-shaped spadix. (C) Partially spawned female medusoid with aggregate of oocytes. (D-F) Three steps of spawning (note presence of velum). (G) Emptied female medusoid. (H) Stained male medusoid partly liberating its gametes, showing directional arrangement of sperm cells. (I) Spawned male medusoid partly liberated from its membrane. (J, K) Spawned medusoids of unknown sex(es), the latter with the bell inside-out. (L-M) Belt of refringent corpuscles seen apically in a male medusoid (L) and laterally in a female (M). (N) Close-up of the refringent corpuscles. (O) Bell margin of a female medusoid showing large, vacuolated cells after the dissolution of the concretions (blue arrowheads). (P-Q) Pseudostenoteles from exumbrella either undischarged (P) or discharged (Q). Scale bars: 10 μm (P, Q), 20 μm (N), 100 μm (L, M, O), 200 μm (B, D-F, H), 400 μm (A, C, G, I-K).
Figure 1 from: Chery J (2015) New nomenclature combinations in the green alder species complex (Betulaceae). PhytoKeys 56: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5225
Figure 1 - Alnus alnobetula subsp. maximowiczii – images (taken by Jordan Wood) from Arnold Arboretum 1462-77*E a) developing infructescenes; b) old infructescences.
Data from: De novo discovery and multiplexed amplification of microsatellite markers for black alder (Alnus glutinosa) and related species using SSR-enriched shotgun pyrosequencing.
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ABoVE: Alder Shrub Cover and Soil Properties, Alaska, 2019, V2
This dataset holds measures of vegetative cover and soil characteristics for sites in interior Alaska, U.S., along the James W. Dalton Highway (Alaska Route 11). The field data were collected during August in 2018 and 2019 to study the expansion of shrub cover, particularly alders (Alnus spp.) in tundra ecosystems and the potential impact of shrubs on soil properties. Samples were measured along transects at 5- to 10-m intervals. Soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory. Vegetation variables include percent cover of mosses, lichens, graminoid species, shrubs, alder, birch (Betula spp.), and willow (Salix spp.) along with the biomass, size, and age structure of alder. An allometric model to estimate alder biomass was developed. Soil metrics include moisture content, conductivity, bulk density, carbon and nitrogen content and isotope ratios. The data include the maximum annual Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for 2019 and the trend in maximum NDVI for 2000-2020. This is version 2 of this dataset.The data are provided in comma-separated values (CSV) format.
Assessment of Residual Allergenicity of Tree (Birch, Hazel, and Alder) Pollen Allergoid Using Skin Prick Testing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00107705. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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