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73 results for “avian community”
Avian community mist net survey data from Luba/Ureca road elevational gradient, Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
<p>Understanding interactive effects between anthropogenic disturbance and abiotic factors on species turnover can help identify and prioritize conservation of potentially vulnerable tropical bird communities. We investigated potential factors influencing avian understory community composition along a recently constructed road across three elevations (300, 800 and 1200 m), each with two sampling sites (road edge vs interior forest), over a four-year period on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Obligate ant following species were the most abundant guild sampled accounting for 23% of total species diversity within the data set, which increased to 40% when including occasional ant following species. Habitat associated with elevation was the most significant factor influencing the composition of avian communities at all three elevations. Additionally, we identified species with clear statistical associations for each elevation: the yellow-lored bristlebill (Bleda notatus), olive sunbird (Cyanomitra obscura), and white-tailed warbler (Poliolias lopezi). We found evidence for significant community differences between the disturbance edge and interior forest transects at 300 m only. Likewise, understory insectivores were found at higher numbers within the interior forest transect at this elevation. Based on the data presented here, we suggest low elevation avian understory insectivores should be considered focal species for future assessment studies in this area. Furthermore, since many traditional protected areas focus on upland habitat containing high species endemism, our findings emphasize the importance of equally conserving lowland elevations as they may house commonly overlooked yet important and diverse segments of the bird community. </p>
Response of Avian communities to edges of tropical montane forests: Implications for the future of endemic habitat specialists
<p>Tropical montane landscapes harbor diverse flora and fauna, and many species there are ecological specialists with narrow elevational distributions, limited geographic ranges, and small global populations. Along elevational gradients, environmental conditions and community composition change dramatically over small spatial scales. As forests are disturbed and edges formed with modified habitat, natural communities could be affected differently across elevations by the many physical and biotic changes at edges. We asked whether forest edges produced altered patterns of avian species composition along a cloud forest - dry forest gradient on the Pacific slope of the Tilarán mountains in Monteverde, Costa Rica. A strong moisture gradient produces cloud forests near the ridgetops, with a concentration of species endemic to the Costa Rica – Panama highlands that are habitat specialists. We conducted 552 point counts across 110 locations from 1100 to 1800 m elevation, yielding 6586 detections of 115 species in 10 km<sup>2</sup> of montane forest. We analyzed differences in species composition and single-species abundances between interior and near-edge forest habitats for species grouped by geographic range size. Species composition changed markedly from forest edge to interior in cloud forest habitats, but not in drier forests downslope. Endemic species, especially in cloud forest, were detected less frequently in mature forest near edges than in mature forest interior, and this difference was more pronounced than for cosmopolitan species. On tropical mountainsides, we can expect habitat-specialist endemic species to be more sensitive to further habitat modification. This sensitivity could limit the resilience of tropical bird communities.</p>
Data from: Avian demographic responses to drought and fire: a community-level perspective
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The impact of urbanization on avian communities during the breeding season in the Huanghuai Plain of China
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Data from: Long-term avian influenza virus epidemiology in a small Spanish wetland ecosystem is driven by the breeding Anseriformes community
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Data from: Forest structure determines spatial changes in avian community along an elevational gradient in tropical Africa
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Data from: Multicontinental community phylogenetics of avian mixed-species flocks reveal the role of the stability of associations and of kleptoparasitism
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Response of Avian communities to edges of tropical montane forests: Implications for the future of endemic habitat specialists
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Data from: Rock climbing activity and physical habitat attributes impact avian community diversity in cliff environments
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Increased drought drives avian community declines in the warm deserts of the United States
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Data from: Use of classical bird census transects as spatial replicates for hierarchical modeling of an avian community
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Data from: Elevational changes in the avian community of a Mesoamerican cloud forest park
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Data from: Long-term avian community response to housing development at the boundary of U.S. protected areas: effect size increases with time
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Data from: Ecological drivers of avian community assembly along a tropical elevation gradient
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Avian community mist net survey data from Luba/Ureca road elevational gradient, Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
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Data from: Recent drought and tree mortality effects on the avian community in southern Sierra Nevada: a glimpse of the future?
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Data from: Using functional and phylogenetic diversity to infer avian community assembly along elevational gradients
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Data from: Prevalence and beta diversity in avian malaria communities: host species is a better predictor than geography
1. Patterns of diversity and turnover in macroorganism communities can often be predicted from differences in habitat, phylogenetic relationships among species, and the geographic scale of comparisons. In this study, we asked if these factors also predict diversity and turnover in parasite communities. 2. We studied communities of avian malaria in two sympatric, ecologically similar, congeneric host species at three different sites. We asked if parasite prevalence and community structure varied with host population, host phylogeography, or geographic distance. 3. We used PCR to screen birds for infections, and then used Bayesian methods to determine phylogenetic relationships among malaria strains. Metrics of both community and phylogenetic beta diversity were used to examine patterns of malaria strain turnover between host populations, and partial Mantel tests were used determine the correlation between malaria beta diversity and geographic distance. Finally, we developed microsatellite markers to describe the genetic structure of host populations and assess the relationship between host phylogeography and parasite beta diversity. 4. We found that although some malaria lineages occur in both host species, different genera of malaria parasites infect the two hosts at different rates. Additionally, host species was a better predictor of parasite community similarity than study site. Within hosts, parasite communities in one population were phylogenetically clustered, but there was otherwise no correlation between metrics of parasite beta diversity and geographic or genetic distance between host populations. Patterns of parasite turnover among host populations are consistent with malaria transmission occurring in the winter rather than on the breeding grounds 5. Our results indicate greater turnover in parasite communities between different hosts than between different sites. Differences in host species, as well as transmission location and vector ecology, seem to be more important in structuring malaria communities than the distance-decay relationships frequently found in macroorganisms. Determining the factors affecting parasite community diversity and turnover has wide-ranging implications for understanding the selective pressures shaping host ecology and ecosystem structure. This study shows that metrics of community and phylogenetic beta diversity can be useful tools for disentangling the ecological and evolutionary processes that underlie geographical variation in parasite communities.
Data from: Research design considerations to ensure detection of all species in an avian community
1.Recent advances in the estimation of species richness from count data have allowed avian ecologists to incorporate incomplete detectability of species when comparing richness across space or time. Raw counts from single or repeated visits to sample point(s) are nonetheless still used for assessing community composition, and the failure to account for detectability when making these evaluations may lead to incorrect inferences about the community. 2.We estimated detection probabilities (p) for a suite of bird species and used these detection probabilities to determine the minimum number of visits at a single point and the minimum number of points in a grid required to confidently (≥ 90%) detect the full community of birds for rare, moderately rare, and common species. We used occupancy modeling to estimate the detection probabilities for species from two study sites in Nebraska and Saskatchewan. 3.Some common or highly detectable species were confidently detected in a single visit to a point, whereas others with low detection probabilities (p < 0.20) required more than ten visits to be confidently detected at a point. The grid size required to detect a species in an area varied from a single point for a common highly detectable species to over 30 points for a rare species with low detectability. 4.Detection probabilities of the least detectable species in a study area can be used to determine the number of visits to a single point or the number of points in a grid to be confident that the full community is detected. Biologists can conclude that a species is most likely absent from the community if it remains undetected using the appropriate sampling effort.
Seasonal elevational patterns and the underlying mechanisms of avian diversity and community structure on the eastern slope of Mt. Gongga
<p>This dataset contains bird survey data (Appedenix 2) and bird trait data (Appedenix 1) in the paper: "He et al. (2022) Seasonal elevational patterns and the underlying mechanisms of avian diversity and community structure on the eastern slope of Mt. Gongga. Diversity and Distributions". Main results of the paper are that TD, PD and FD showed similar hump-shaped elevational patterns in both seasons. In the breeding season, TD, PD and FD for small-ranged species, were highly correlated with climatic factors (mean daily temperature, seasonal temperature range) and vegetation factors (enhanced vegetation index), while large-ranged species were correlated with spatial factors (mid-domain effect). In the non-breeding season, TD, PD and FD for all species groupings were positively correlated with climate factors. For small-ranged species in both seasons, community structure was more overdispersed at low and high elevations, and more clustered at middle elevations. For large-ranged species, community structure differed between seasons, showing a general trend toward clustering as elevations increase in the breeding season and trends toward overdispersion and/or evenness as elevations increase in the non-breeding season.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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