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142 results for “biomass production”
Estimation of biomass combustion carbon emissions data for 2016 in Africa based on GABAM burned area products.
<p>Estimated biomass combustion carbon emissions data for the African region in 2016, based on the GABAM 30m burned area product.The product is geographically (latitude/longitude) projected with a resolution of 0.00025° (approximately 30 meters) using the WGS84 horizontal datum and the EGM96 vertical datum, and consists of 10° x 10° tiles covering the entire African region.</p>
Estimation of biomass combustion carbon emissions data for 2015 in Africa based on GABAM burned area products.
<p>Estimated biomass combustion carbon emissions data for the African region in 2015, based on the GABAM 30m burned area product.The product is geographically (latitude/longitude) projected with a resolution of 0.00025° (approximately 30 meters) using the WGS84 horizontal datum and the EGM96 vertical datum, and consists of 10° x 10° tiles covering the entire African region.</p>
Data from: Artificial nighttime lighting and herbivory interactively reduce the biomass production of invasive plants while enhancing that of native plants
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Data from: The effect of drainage on the fine root biomass, production, and turnover in hemiboreal old-growth forests on organic soils
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Data from: Plant diversity loss has limited effects on belowground biomass and traits but alters community short-term root production in a species-rich grassland
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Biomass production at 2085 horizon for the Maurienne valley (French Alps) estimated using a Bayesian Belief Network
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Vascular Root Biomass and Production at Two Depths in an Alberta Poor Fen Subjected to Increasing Nitrogen Deposition, 2014-2015
Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N ha-1 yr-1; regional background levels <2 kg N ha-1 yr-1. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a poor fen near Mariana Lake, Alberta, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1, plus controls (no water or N addition). From 2014-2015, we examined the effects of N addition on root production by measuring root biomass at two depths and root production over one and two years. Root biomass, measured in 2014, increased with increasing N addition in the 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth increments. Root production increased with increasing N addition in the 0-15 cm, but not the 15-30 cm depth increment; annual root production in the 0-15 cm depth increment was higher when ingrowth bags remained in the peat for two growing seasons, compared to first-year root production. As a result, over the top 30 cm, annual root production was greater when ingrowth bags were in the peat for two growing seasons. We expected a threshold N addition level associated with stimulation of root production but found no evidence of such a threshold at Mariana Lake Poor Fen. Given the rather consistent finding increasing N deposition stimulates aboveground vascular plant biomass and production, and our results that root biomass and production at Mariana Lakes Bog are stimulated as well, further work on belowground responses seems warranted.
A harvest was conducted to determine productivity of rare species not found in at least 4 quadrats per site in a separate small quadrat aboveground biomass harvest, Arctic LTER 1997.
A harvest was conducted to determine productivity of rare species not found in at least 4 quadrats per site in a separate small quadrat aboveground biomass harvest (see 97lg3sbm.txt). Harvests occurred in a tussock, watertrack, and snowbed community at 3 sites - acidic tundra near Toolik (site of acidic LTER plots), nonacidic tundra near Toolik Lake(site of non-acidic LTER plots), and acidic tundra near Sagwon. Moss and lichen data are presented by species elsewhere (see 97lgmosslichen).
Mangrove diversity enhances plant biomass production and carbon storage in Hainan Island, China
<p>Mangrove forests, one of the highest carbon density ecosystems, are very different from other forests as they occupy saline and tidal habitats. Although previous studies in forests, shrublands, and grasslands have shown a positive effect of biodiversity on plant biomass and carbon storage, it remains unclear whether this relation to biodiversity also exists in mangrove forests. Here, we evaluate the possible effects of mangrove species diversity, structural characteristics, and environmental factors on mangrove biomass production and carbon storage, using survey data from 234 field plots of 30 transects in the mangrove forests along the coastlines of Hainan Island, China, during 2017 and 2018.We found that mangrove species diversity had a positive effect, not only on mangrove biomass production, but also on soil carbon storage. This positive effect was more strongly evident in the forest communities than in either the shrub communities or forest-shrub mixed communities, with the forests type having the biggest mangrove biodiversity and carbon storage. In addition, the diversity effect was affected by structural characteristics, namely, mangrove biomass increased exponentially with tree stem diameter and decreased with tree density. Furthermore, we observed a resource-dependent mediation of the mangrove ecosystem when linking diversity to biomass. The areas with high soil Nitrogen content and Mean annul precipitation (MAP) showed higher mangrove biomass and carbon storage. This suggests that the spatial pattern of mangrove carbon storage and diversity was driven by both climate factors (MAP) and soil fertility (soil N).Our findings suggest that mangrove forests with greater diversity also have higher carbon storage capacities and conservation potential. Thus, biodiversity conservation is crucial for mangrove to mitigate the greenhouse effect. Our findings strengthen the understanding of the diversity effects on mangrove ecosystem services and have important implications for mangrove restoration and conservation.</p>
Data from: Functional and phylogenetic diversity explain different components of diversity effects on biomass production
<p>The Anthropocene is defined by human-driven environmental change, with one consequence being the modern dramatic decline in biodiversity globally. This is especially worrisome given the long-acknowledged causal linkage between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and the delivery of ecosystem services. <span class="fontstyle01"><span>However, t</span></span>he exact mechanisms driving biodiversity- ecosystem function (BEF) relationships remain unclear, specifically the linkages between species differences, measured by trait and phylogenetic distances, and how interactions, such as competitive inequality and stable coexistence via niche partitioning, influence these relationships.<span class="fontstyle01"><span> Using complementary plant biodiversity experiments, a </span></span>s<span class="fontstyle01"><span>ynthetic-assembled one that combined species in different phylogenetic distance treatments with a semi- natural functional group removal experiment, we assessed how species differences influence the mechanisms underpinning BEF relationships. We </span></span>calculated the net biodiversity effect (ΔY) of biomass production and partitioned it into two additive parts: the complementarity and <span class="fontstyle01"><span>selection effect</span></span>s at species and functional group level<span class="fontstyle01"><span> to </span></span>test how <span class="fontstyle01"><span>phylogenetic diversity and functional</span></span> diversity capture the influences of the complementarity and <span class="fontstyle01"><span>selection effects.</span></span> For both experiments, we found that phylogenetic and functional diversity explained biodiversity effects through similar mechanisms, with a positive relationship with the complementarity effect, and a negative relationship with the selection effect. However, we found that the <span class="fontstyle01"><span>selection effect was </span></span>best predicted by a negative relationship with functional dispersion (FD<sub>is</sub>) of<sub> </sub>height where the selection effect was strongest in plots with similarly tall species and weakest with a greater diversity of heights, while higher <span class="fontstyle01"><span>complementary </span></span>effects <span class="fontstyle01"><span>were best explained by increasing phylogenetic diversity (i.e., high MPD<sub>a</sub>).</span></span> Our work revealed that the mechanisms underpinning biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships are dependent on species differences and how these differences influence competitive inequalities and niche differences.</p>
Bat community response to intensification of biomass production for bioenergy across the southeastern United States
Human demand for food, fiber, and space is accelerating the rate of change of land cover and land use. Much of the world now consists of a matrix of natural forests, managed forests, agricultural cropland, and urbanized plots. Expansion of domestic energy production efforts in the United States is one driver predicted to influence future land-use and land management practices across large spatial scales. Favorable growing conditions make the southeastern United States an ideal location for producing a large portion of the country's renewable bioenergy. We investigated patterns of bat occurrence in two bioenergy feedstocks commonly grown in this region (corn, Zea mays, and pine, Pinus taeda and P. elliottii). We also evaluated potential impacts of the three major pathways of woody biomass extraction (residue removal following clearcut harvest, short-rotation energy plantations, and mid-rotation forest thinning) to bat occurrence through a priori land-use contrasts. We acoustically sampled bat vocalizations at 84 sites in the Southeastern Plains and Southern Coastal Plains of the southeastern United States across three years. We found that mid-rotation thinning resulted in positive effects on bat occurrence, and potential conversion of unmanaged (reference) forest to managed forest for timber and/or bioenergy harvest resulted in negative effects on bat occurrence when effects were averaged across all species. The effects of short-rotation energy plantations, removal of logging residues from plantation clearcuts, and corn were equivocal for all bat species examined. Our results suggest that accelerated production of biomass for energy production through either corn or intensively managed pine forests is not likely to have an adverse effect on bat communities, so long as existing older unmanaged forests are not converted to managed bioenergy or timber plantations. Beyond bioenergy crop production, mid-rotation thinning of even-aged pine stands intended for timber production, increases to the duration of plantation rotations to promote older forest stands, arranging forest stands and crop fields to maximize edge habitat, and maintaining unmanaged forests could benefit bat communities by augmenting roosting and foraging opportunities.
Nutrient conditions mediate mycorrhizal effects on biomass production and cell wall chemistry in poplar
<p> Large-scale biofuel production from lignocellulosic feedstock is limited by the financial and environmental costs associated with growing and processing lignocellulosic material and the resilience of these plants to environmental stress. Symbiotic associations with arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi represent a potential strategy for expanding feedstock production while reducing nutrient inputs. Comparing AM and EM effects on wood production and chemical composition is a necessary step in developing biofuel feedstocks. Here, we assessed the productivity, biomass allocation and secondary cell wall (SCW) composition of greenhouse-grown Populus tremuloidesMichx. inoculated with either AM or EM fungi. Given the long-term goal of reducing nutrient inputs for biofuel production, we further tested the effects of nutrient availability and nitrogen: phosphorus stoichiometry on mycorrhizal responses. Associations with both AM and EM fungi increased plant biomass by 14–74% depending on the nutrient conditions but had minimal effects on SCW composition. Mycorrhizal plants, especially those inoculated with EM fungi, also allocated a greater portion of their biomass to roots, which could be beneficial in the field where plants are likely to experience both water and nutrient stress. Leaf nutrient content was weakly but positively correlated with wood production in mycorrhizal plants. Surprisingly, phosphorus played a larger role in EM plants compared with AM plants. Relative nitrogen and phosphorus availability were correlated with shifts in SCW composition. For AM associations, the benefit of increased wood biomass may be partially offset by increased lignin content, a trait that affects downstream processing of lignocellulosic tissue for biofuels. By comparing AM and EM effects on the productivity and chemical composition of lignocellulosic tissue, this work links broad functional diversity in mycorrhizal associations to key biofuel traits and highlights the importance of considering both biotic and abiotic factors when developing strategies for sustainable biofuel production.</p>
Data from: Contrasting drivers of aboveground woody biomass and aboveground woody productivity in lowland forests of Colombia
<p>The relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors in shaping forest biomass stocks and fluxes remains a controversial issue. Here, using data gathered from 39 1-ha plots located in flooded and terra firme mature tropical lowland forests of the Amazon and Orinoquia regions of Colombia, we evaluated the importance of climate, soil fertility, flooding as well as tree taxonomic/phylogenetic diversity and forest structural properties, in determining the aboveground biomass stocks (AGB; Mg ha-1) and aboveground woody productivity (AWP; Mg ha-1 y-1). Using information-theoretic multimodel inference and variance partitioning we found that forest structural features, such as the number of trees with diameter at breast height ≥ 70 cm and wood density, are the main drivers of variation in AGB. However, taxonomic diversity also contributes to AGB because it is associated with more large trees in these forests. In contrast, the key drivers of AWP in these forests were soil P and Mg concentration, with no significant effects of diversity indices. These findings emphasize the need to include other major soil cations than N and P (e.g., Mg) in experimental studies to improve our understanding about the extent to which soil fertility can modulate increases in forest AWP due to climate change. Terra firme forests had higher AGB stocks than flooded forests, but both had similar AWP; and we found similar results for the drivers of AGB and AWP between flooded and terra firme forests. Our results provide limited evidence for strong effects of plant diversity on AGB or AWP. Therefore, we call for caution on generalizations of nature-based initiatives aiming to preserve diversity based on maximizing carbon stocks and productivity due to the complex nature of the processes controlling carbon accumulation and carbon fluxes in tropical forests.</p>
Data from: Enhanced woody biomass production in a mature temperate forest under elevated CO2
<p>This data set reports tree growth and net primary productivity in response to experimentally elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in the free-air CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment (FACE) of the Birmingham Institute of Forest Research (BIFoR FACE). Data ae reported for a pre-treatment period (2010-2016) and from the onset of CO<sub>2</sub> treatment (2017-2023). The BIFoR FACE experiment is located in central England (52.801°N, 2.301°W, 107 m above sea level) within a deciduous forest dominated by 180-year old <em>Quercus robur</em> L. trees, which represent 92% of the forest's basal area. There are six experimental arrays of approximately 30 m diameter. Tree ring analysis was used to determine growth patterns within the arrays prior to the onset of CO<sub>2</sub> treatment. The trees in three of the arrays have been exposed to elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (ambient concentration + 150 ppm) during the growing seasons since 2017. Tree diameter was measured with manual dendrometers, and dry mass of oak trees was calculated using an allometric equation determined by terrestrial laser scan of the trees within the arrays. Dry matter production of understory species and coarse roots was calculated using allometric equations from the literature. Leaf production was calculated from mass of leaf litter collected in litter baskets. Fine-root production was measured in ingrowth cores and scaled to 1-meter depth based on fine-root biomass in deep cores. Exudation rates were scaled up to a full growing season and total fine-root mass.</p>
Raw data set for Negative Emissions in the Chemical Sector: Lifecycle CO2 Accounting for Biomass and CCS Integration into Ethanol, Ammonia, Urea, and Hydrogen Production.
<p>This repository contains the raw data and code used to generate the results in the paper:</p> <p>Tanzer S.E., Blok K., Ramirez Ramirez A. Negative Emissions in the Chemical Sector: Lifecycle CO2 Accounting for Biomass and CCS Integration into Ethanol, Ammonia, Urea, and Hydrogen Production. 15th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-15. 2021. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3819778.</p> <p>also published as chapter 4 in the PhD dissertation ”Negative Emissions in the Industrial Sector”. The PhD was the department of Engineering Systems and Services, Faculty of Technology Policy, Management at the Delft University of Technology, between 2017-2022. </p> <p>This is intended to be a record of the exact data and code used to generate the results and graphics used in this publication. It is not necessarily designed for user-friendliness or tested to work on other machines and may contain extraneous data and files.</p> <p>To make use of the python black box modelling library for your own work, please check out the most recent public release, which can be found at https://zenodo.org/record/5800104#.YjUTnC8w30o</p>
Data Shared: Human land-uses homogenize stream assemblages and reduce animal biomass production
<p>This is a dataset compiled from 117 sampling stream sites distributed across two neotropical biomes (rainforest and grassland). Dataset included single scaled vales of human land-use (agriculture, pasture, urbanization, and afforestation), scaled values of multifaceted biodiversity of fish, arthropods, and macrophytes (taxonomic richness, functional diversity[FDis], CWV and CWM of trait categories [recruitment and life-history, resource and habitat-use, and body size]), scaled values of local environmental predictors (stream site depth, water quality deterioration index, and sediment heterogeneity index), scaled values of climate predictors (temperature and precipitation), and log of animal biomass (fish and arthropod). </p>
Short-term effects of continuous cover forestry on forest biomass production and biodiversity: Applying single-tree selection in forests dominated by Picea abies
AbstractThe rotation forestry system provides high biomass production, but could also have a negative impact on species sensitive to disturbance. Continuous cover forestry (CCF) could contribute to solving these conflicting goals, but its feasibility in nutrient limited boreal forests is yet unresolved. In a unique experiment, we simultaneously assessed the short-term effect of single-tree selection on both biomass production and biodiversity (vascular plants, bryophytes, wood-inhabiting fungi), and tested fertilization as a way to mediate growth-biodiversity trade-offs. We found that unharvested stands and stands subjected to single-tree selection had a similar species assemblage of vascular plants, bryophytes, and wood-inhabiting fungi. Fertilization increased growth by 37% and induced shifts in two understory species (favoring the grass Avenella flexuosa and disfavoring the bryophyte Hylocomium splendens). We conclude that single-tree selection may become a useful tool to enhance biodiversity in managed forests.
Dataset - Anaerobic co-digestion of waste yeast biomass from citric acid production and waste frying fat
<p>Excel document that contains the data of the journal article “Moeller et al. (2018) Anaerobic co-digestion of waste yeast biomass from citric acid production and waste frying fat”. The dataset includes all values obtained during the experimental period and it complements the corresponding article.</p>
Dataset - Biogas production from concentrated yeast biomass by anaerobic (co)-digestion
<p>Excel document that contains the data of the anaerobic digestion of concentrated yeast biomass as mono-substrate under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The dataset includes all values obtained during the experimental period from 11/2018 – 08/2019. The data were obtained as measurement data of the experimental work on biogas production. These data form the basis for the calculation of yields and productivities and for evaluating the process stability.</p>
The effect of cell density on biomass and fatty acid productivity during cultivation of Rhodomonas salina in a tubular photobioreactor - the dataset.
<p>The microalga Rhodomonas salina is widely used in aquaculture. There is a need for<br> optimization of the growth of the microalgae and its content of essential fatty acids.<br> Here, the fatty acid profile of Rhodomonas in relation to cell density during cultivation<br> in a tubular PBR is investigated. It is expected that cell density is an important<br> factor in controlling productivity and fatty acid content of the microalgae because<br> cell density is important in determining light availability due to the self-shading of the<br> algae. The carbon productivity as a function of cell density is described by a saturation<br> curve. The carbon productivity and the productivity of total fatty acids are lowest<br> at the lowest cell density, and independent of cell density at higher cell densities.<br> The relative contribution of the two poly-unsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic<br> acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increases with increasing cell density and<br> saturates at 1 × 106 cells/ml. We conclude that large-scale production of Rhodomonas<br> in this tubular PBR should take place at cell densities of 1 × 106 cells/ml, while there<br> are indications for increasing difficulties in maintaining steady-state production in<br> this PBR at higher cell densities.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.