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150 results for “cave adaptation”
Fig. 11 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 11. Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (MHNM). A. Lateral posterior part of first urosternite. B. Median glandular organ. Abbreviations: GS = glandular setae; Ps = pseudospores; St = stylus.
Fig. 14 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 14. Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (MHNM). A. Cerci, ventral view. B. Detail of right cercus in ventro-lateral view. C. Right cercus, ventral view. D. Leaft cercus, ventral view.
Fig. 19 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 19. Opisthjapyx naledi Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (ISAM). A. Urotergite I. B. Urotergite II. C. Urotergite VII. D. Urotergite VIII.
Fig. 9 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 9. Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (MHNM). A. Dorsal side of head and anterior part of pronotum. B. Pronotum and anterior part of mesonotum. C. Mesonotum. D. Metanotum. E. Urotergites I and II. F. Urotergites VII and VIII.
Fig. 8 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 8. Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (MHNM). A. Antennae.B. Central antennomeres. C. Apical antennomere.D. Lateral side of the apical antennomere. E. Detail of apical antennomere. F. Detail of antennal micro-barbed sM setae.
Fig. 5 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 5. Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., 2-paratype, ♀ (AS). A. Lateral organ of urosternite I in B. B. Urosternite I. C. Detail lateral organ of the first urosternite. D. Micropores in posterior part of urosternite I. E. Urosternite II. F. Abdominal segments VII‒X in latero-ventral view.
Fig. 7 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 7. Location and habitat of Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov. A. External area at the Table Mountains in the surroundings of the Wynberg cave. B. Wynberg cave interior, general appearance. C. Living specimen of Austrjapyx wynbergensis.
Fig. 4 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 4. Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (ISAM). A. Urotergites V and VI. B. Urotergites VII‒IX.
Fig. 6 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 6. Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (ISAM). A. Abdominal segments IX and X in dorsal view. B. Cerci, dorsal view. C. Abdominal segments VIII‒X in lateroventral view. D. Cerci, ventral view.
Fig. 1 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 1. Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (ISAM). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum in dorsal view. C. Mesonotum. D. End of metatarsus and claws. E. Metanotum and first urotergite.
Fig. 3 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 3. Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., ♀ (AS). A. Head in ventro-lateral view. B. Pro-prosternum (pr-prt) with spine (sp) and prosternum (pr-st). C. Meso-poststernum (mspst), meso-intersternum (ms-ist) and mesosternum (ms-st). D. Metasternum (mt-st). E. Lateral view of metathoracic leg. F. Detail of metathoracic tarsus and claws.
Fig. 2 in Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Fig. 2. Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (ISAM). Distal antennomere. See terminology in the text.
Data from: Phylogenetic evidence from freshwater crayfishes that cave adaptation is not an evolutionary dead-end
Caves are perceived as isolated, extreme habitats with a set of uniquely specialized biota, which long ago led to the idea that caves are 'evolutionary dead-ends.' This suggests that cave-adapted taxa may be doomed for extinction before they can diversify or transition to a more stable state. However, this hypothesis has not been explicitly tested in a phylogenetic framework with multiple independent cave-dwelling groups. Here we use the freshwater crayfish, a group with dozens of cave-dwelling species in multiple lineages, as a system to test this hypothesis. We consider historical patterns of lineage diversification and habitat transition as well as current patterns of geographic range size. We find that while cave-dwelling lineages have small relative range sizes and rarely transition back to the surface, they exhibit remarkably similar diversification patterns to those of other habitat types and appear to be able to maintain a diversity of lineages through time. This suggests that cave-adaptation is not a 'dead-end' for freshwater crayfish, which has positive implications for our understanding of biodiversity and conservation in cave habitats.
FIGURES 11–12. Eukoenenia draco, genitalia. 11, female. 12, male. Scale bar 100 in Rediscovery of the troglobious palpigrade Eukoenenia draco (Peyerimhoff 1906) (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae), with notes on the adaptations to a cave-dwelling life
FIGURES 11–12. Eukoenenia draco, genitalia. 11, female. 12, male. Scale bar 100 µm. See Material and Methods for abbreviations.
FIGURE 10 in Rediscovery of the troglobious palpigrade Eukoenenia draco (Peyerimhoff 1906) (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae), with notes on the adaptations to a cave-dwelling life
FIGURE 10. Eukoenenia draco. Representation of setal variability on sternites IV–VII for the specimens studied and for type specimen (top-left from Peyerimhoff 1906). Specimen number and sex indicated above each figure. Number of lateral organs (Lat. Org.) and number of deuto-tritosternal setae (Deut. setae) also reported under each specimen. Nomenclature of setae shown for type specimen. See Material and Methods for abbreviations.
FIGURES 8–9. Eukoenenia draco. 8, Basitarsus 3–4, leg I. 9 in Rediscovery of the troglobious palpigrade Eukoenenia draco (Peyerimhoff 1906) (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae), with notes on the adaptations to a cave-dwelling life
FIGURES 8–9. Eukoenenia draco. 8, Basitarsus 3–4, leg I. 9, Basitarsus, leg IV. Scale bar 100 µm. See Material and Methods for abbreviations.
FIGURES 1–7. Eukoenenia draco. 1 in Rediscovery of the troglobious palpigrade Eukoenenia draco (Peyerimhoff 1906) (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae), with notes on the adaptations to a cave-dwelling life
FIGURES 1–7. Eukoenenia draco. 1, Frontal organ, dorsal view. 2, Metapeltidial setae. 3, Pedipalp coxa. 4, Coxa I. 5, Coxa II. 6, Coxa III. 7, Coxa IV. Scale bars 100 µm (Fig. 1 to same scale as Fig. 2). See Material and Methods for abbreviations.
FIGURE 3 in Revision of genus Texoreddellia Wygodzinsky, 1973 (Hexapoda, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), a prominent element of the cave-adapted fauna of Texas
FIGURE 3. Parsimony bootstrap consensus tree. Texoreddellia capitesquameo from Phantom Lake Cave (Clade 4, Group 8) as outgroup is not shown. Branches where more than one cave locality are included indicate that they had identical DNA sequences in their 16S rRNA. Individuals within each of the seven groups are concordant to a particular morphology.
FIGURE 1 in Revision of genus Texoreddellia Wygodzinsky, 1973 (Hexapoda, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), a prominent element of the cave-adapted fauna of Texas
FIGURE 1. Live specimen of Texoreddellia sp. Body length 12 mm. Photograph reproduced with permission of William R. Elliot.
FIGURE 4 in Revision of genus Texoreddellia Wygodzinsky, 1973 (Hexapoda, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), a prominent element of the cave-adapted fauna of Texas
FIGURE 4. Known geographic ranges of Texoreddellia spp. by county. a) T. capitesquameo; b) T. occasus; c) T. coahuilensis; d) T. media; e) T. aquilonalis; f) T. texensis. Areas shaded in black are counties in which DNA sequencing confirmed species identification. Areas shaded in gray are counties in which species identity has been determined solely through morphological analysis.
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