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110 results for “cavity nest”
Data from: Sound settlement: noise surpasses land cover in explaining breeding habitat selection of secondary cavity-nesting birds
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Data from: Chicks of cavity-nesting birds do not ‘exercise’ prior to fledging
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South Florida cavity nest webs: nest inspection data, photographs, and videos
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Data for: Microclimate shifts in nest-boxes and natural cavities throughout reproduction
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Data from: Gene flow across large distances in the cavity-nesting wasp Deuteragenia subintermedia in a central European forest
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Lesser Woodcreepers (Xiphorhynchus fuscus) excavate nest cavities in trees
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Data from: Fast visual adaptation to dim light in a cavity-nesting bird
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Data from: Limited evidence of biased offspring sex allocation in a cavity-nesting conspecific brood parasite
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Nest-boxes alter the reproductive ecology of urban cavity-nesters in a species-dependent way
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Phylogeography of cavity-nesting honeybees (Apis)
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Unraveling the cavity-nesting network at large spatial scales: The biogeographic role of woodpeckers as ecosystem engineers
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Aggressive interactions between cavity nesting birds in SE QLD Australia
<p>1. Context: A mechanistic understanding of the drivers of competition between species at a community level can improve invasive species management by helping identify where and when impacts are likely to be greatest. Invasive cavity-breeding birds provide a way to test shared traits and resource requirements are related to intensity of competition. Australia is home to one of the richest cavity-nesting communities globally with over 100 native and introduced bird species requiring hollows: but the impact of invasive species on most native communities is not well understood. <br> 2. Methods: We examined aggressive interactions between birds in large hollow-bearing trees. To explore the drivers of aggression, we explored whether more similarly sized birds interacted more frequently, whether larger species won aggressive interactions more often, and whether cavity-breeding species with similar preferences for nesting sites (breeding niche space) interacted more frequently. <br> 3. Results: We recorded a total of 48 bird species of which 20 are cavity-nesters, and 410 aggressive interactions. These interaction networks are dominated by the invasive common myna, the native noisy miner (a non-cavity-breeder), and the native rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus), but the common myna won the largest total number of interspecific interactions. While on average larger birds won aggressive interactions more frequently, there were some important exceptions to this finding; the common myna (113 ± 30 g) won more interactions (26 interactions won) against the larger native rainbow lorikeet (126 ± 44 g; 3 interactions won). Among the cavity-breeding birds, species with more similar nest-site preferences were observed interacting more frequently. <br> 4. Synthesis and applications: The impact of the invasive common myna on the cavity-nesting community is greatest for species that are close to the common myna in body size and share nest site preferences in tree hollows. Myna control efforts should focus on birds that nest in natural tree hollows. Additionally, cavity-nesting species are not immune from the impact of native noisy-miner aggression. <br> </p>
Data from: Islands in the desert for cavity-nesting bees and wasps: ecology, patterns of diversity, and conservation at oases of Baja California peninsula
<p>Aims: The oases of Baja California peninsula (BCP) have been proposed as important hotspots of biodiversity that hold an exceptional richness in the middle of desert conditions. We provide the effect of habitat, climatic, biogeographic and anthropogenic disturbance on communities of cavity nesting taxa, emphasizing on bees, wasps and their natural enemies. Location: Baja California Peninsula, Northwest Mexico.</p> <p>Methods: In oases of BCP and desert neighbor environments, trap-nesting taxa were evaluated in response to factors affecting the nest abundance, richness, and community structure. We used statistical models to find the variables controlling the nest abundance and ecological analyses to determine the habitat effect on diversity under different scenarios of disturbance and latitude.</p> <p>Results: The nest abundance varied between bees and wasps, but solar irradiation and relative humidity influenced the abundance of both groups. In general, abundance and richness were higher in oases. Bees did not discriminate between oasis and desert habitats to nest and mud-daubing wasps were highly dependent of oases. However, there were exceptions in both groups. The degree of anthropogenic disturbance affected the species composition, richness, and natural enemies.</p> <p>Main conclusions: The oases of Baja California seem to be functioning as mesic islands into the desert, each oasis hosting a great and unique richness of cavity-nesting taxa. About 65% of nest abundance and 50% of species occurred exclusively in the oasis. Thus, at least 21 species could be threatened if the oases of BCP disappear in the future. Local conditions are shaping the community structure of species, but also large-scale factors, e.g. climate and biogeographic patterns seem to be influencing the community structure. Since habitat loss and fragmentation can be a major problem in most oases, strategies to maintain the ecosystem services of pollinators and predators should be included in the conservation programs of these fragile habitats.</p>
Data from: Consequences of habitat change and resource selection specialization for population limitation in cavity-nesting birds
Resource selection specialization may increase vulnerability of populations to environmental change. One environmental change that may negatively impact some populations is the broad decline of quaking aspen Populus tremuloides, a preferred nest tree of cavity-nesting organisms who are commonly limited by nest-site availability. However, the long-term consequences of this habitat change for cavity-nesting bird populations are poorly studied. I counted densities of woody plants and eight cavity-nesting bird species over 29 years in 15 high elevation riparian drainages in Arizona, USA. I also studied nest tree use and specialization over time based on 4946 nests across species. Aspen suffered a severe decline in availability over time, while understorey woody plants and canopy deciduous trees also declined. The decline of plants resulted from increased elk Cervus canadensis browsing linked to declining snowfall. Woodpeckers exhibited very high specialization (>95% of nests) on aspen for nesting, and densities of all six species declined with aspen over time. Mountain chickadees Poecile gambeli and house wrens Troglodytes aedon exhibited increasingly less specialization on aspen. Chickadees strongly increased in density over time, despite a relatively high specialization on aspen. House wren densities declined moderately over time, but nest box addition experiments demonstrated that nest-site availability was not limiting their population. House wren densities increased with understorey vegetation recovery in elk exclosures via increased generality of nest site use, demonstrating that the decline in understorey vegetation on the broader landscape was the cause of their population decline. Synthesis and applications. Management should target species that specialize in resource selection on a declining resource. Species with greater resource selection generalization can reduce population impacts of environmental change. Resource generalization can allow a species like the wren to take advantage of habitat refuges, such as those provided by the elk exclosures. Yet, resource generalization cannot offset the negative impacts of broad-scale declines in habitat quality on the landscape, as demonstrated by the general decline of wrens. Ultimately, aspen is an important habitat for biodiversity, and land management programs that protect and aid recovery of aspen habitats may be critical.
Data from: Local and landscape metrics identify opportunities for conserving cavity-nesting birds in a rapidly urbanizing ecoregion
Urban centers are rapidly expanding globally, resulting in regional forest-cover transformations that shift from temperate forest biomes to a heterogeneous mix of urban development, forest patches, and agriculture. Data on habitat use within remaining forest patches embedded across land use types, particularly in urban land use, are needed to optimize conservation strategies as urban growth continues. In the rapidly urbanizing southern Piedmont, USA, small pine patches have become more frequent across the landscape and are found embedded within second-growth forest, agricultural, and urban land use matrices. We used point-count surveys and N-mixture models to determine the effect of patch- and landscape-scale drivers on cavity-nesting bird abundance, including the threatened Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla), in pine forest patches. Model-averaged estimates suggest Brown-headed Nuthatches are more abundant in large patches in a heterogeneous matrix that includes urban residential development. Three other cavity-nesting species declined in abundance as a function of reduced canopy cover. White-breasted Nuthatches increased and Tufted Titmice decreased in abundance in response to patch area. By identifying factors that predict abundance at local and landscape scales for ecologically sensitive and generalist species, we can more effectively contribute to regional conservation efforts in urban ecosystems, extending conservation in practice beyond protected areas.
Light affects parental provisioning behaviour in a cavity-nesting Passerine
Nocturnal bird species possess special adaptations to maximise visual efficiency under low light levels. However, some typically diurnal species also experience low-light environments. For example, cavity-nesting Passerines raise broods in dark cavities and search for food in light-abundant surroundings. It is not clear whether they possess special adaptations for low light vision or breed in cavities at the expense of impaired parental care. In this study, we tested whether light conditions affect the provisioning efficiency of great tits. We experimentally tested how the level of natural and artificially increased illumination inside nest boxes affects parental feeding duration, frequency and timing. We monitored 15-hours of provisioning activity of great tit parents when nestlings were day 7 post hatch. We used traditional "dark" nest boxes and "bright" nest boxes with increased illumination obtained by using semi-transparent plastic windows. The duration of single feedings were, on average, shorter in brightened nest boxes compared to dark ones. This difference tended to be higher early in the morning and in the evening, when the illumination in dark nest boxes was the lowest. Nest box type, however, did not influence feeding frequency or times of the onset and the end of feeding. Our findings provide new evidence for impaired efficiency of parental care due to lowered light conditions. Further research is needed to test whether prolonged feeding duration has negative effects on adult time budgets and nestling energy expenditures.
Data from: Smart nest box: a tool and methodology for monitoring of cavity-dwelling animals
1.Camera recording and video analysis have emerged as a successful non-invasive method for collecting a wide range of biological data on many different taxa of animals. However, camera monitoring has rarely been applied to long term surveillance of cavity or box-nesting species and ordinary off-the-shelf cameras are employed. 2.We present methodology and data on the effectiveness of nest box monitoring using a camera system embedded in four "smart nest boxes" (SNBoxes). We applied the SNBoxes to eight Tengmalm's owl (Aegolius funereus) nests in the Czech Republic during a five-month period in 2014. Each SNBox consisted of a pair of cameras with infrared lighting, an event detector, a radio-frequency identification reader, auxiliary sensors, and a 60 Ah 12 V battery to power the whole system. All devices used were centrally managed by an embedded computer with specifically developed software. 3.Using four SNBoxes, we observed owl nesting continually during the incubation, nestling, and fledgling phases, in total 309 days, resulting in 3382 owl video events. Batteries were changed every 6.5 days. A memory of 4 GB was found sufficient to store monthly data. We identified 12 types of male and female parental activities and their timing, the diet composition and frequency of prey delivery, the manner of prey storage, the light intensity at the time of each parental activity, the temperature inside the clutch and outside the box, and the duration of nestling period of each young. We also produced a video on owl nesting for the general public. 4.The SNBox and related methodology show enormous potential as a non-invasive tool for monitoring animals using boxes or natural cavities. The main advantage of the SNBox is the possibility to study both nocturnal and diurnal animal species and great flexibility in use of the software and hardware for different tasks. As a result, the SNBox provides an opportunity for novel insights into the breeding, roosting, hibernating, and food storage activities of a wide range of cavity-living birds, mammals, and reptiles.
Data from: Cuckoo parasitism in a cavity nesting host: near absent egg-rejection in a northern redstart population under heavy apparent (but low effective) brood parasitism
Brood parasite - host systems continue to offer insights into species coevolution. A notable system is the redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus parasitized by the "redstart-cuckoo" Cuculus canorus gens. Redstarts are the only regular cuckoo hosts that breed in cavities, which challenges adult cuckoos in egg laying and cuckoo chicks in host eviction. We investigated parasitism in this system and found high overall parasitism rates (31.1% of 360 redstart nests), but also that only 33.1% of parasitism events (49 of 148 eggs) were successful in laying eggs into redstart nest cups. The majority of cuckoo eggs were mislaid and found on the rim of the nest; outside the nest cup. All available evidence suggests these eggs were not ejected by hosts. The effective parasitism rate was therefore only 12.8% of redstart nests. Redstarts responded to natural parasitism by deserting their nests in 13.0% of cases, compared to desertion rates of 2.8% for non-parasitized nests. Our egg parasitism experiments found low rates (12.2%) of rejection of artificial non-mimetic cuckoo eggs. Artificial mimetic and real cuckoo eggs added to nests were rejected at even lower rates, and were always rejected via desertion. Under natural conditions, only 21 cuckoo chicks fledged of 150 cuckoo eggs laid. Adding to this low success, is that cuckoo chicks are sometimes unable to evict all host young, and were more likely to die as a result compared to cuckoo chicks reared alone. This low success seems to be mainly due to the cavity nesting strategy of the redstart which is a challenging obstacle for the cuckoo. The redstart-cuckoo system appears to be a fruitful model system and we suggest much more emphasis should be placed on frontline defences such as nest site selection strategies when investigating brood parasite-host coevolution.
Figs. 3–9. Strigister species. 3 in A New Genus and Species of North American Exosternini Associated with Cavity-Nesting Owls and a Reassignment ofPhelister simoniLewis (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Histerinae)
Figs. 3–9. Strigister species. 3) Dorsal habitus of S. tecolotito; 4) Dorsal habitus of S. simoni; 5) Frons of S. tecolotito; 6) Frons of S. simoni; 7) Ventral habitus of S. tecolotito; 8) Pro- and mesosterna of S. simoni; 9) Lateral habitus of S. tecolotito.
Fig. 10 in A New Genus and Species of North American Exosternini Associated with Cavity-Nesting Owls and a Reassignment ofPhelister simoniLewis (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Histerinae)
Fig. 10. Male genitalia of Strigister tecolotito. T8 = 8th tergite, S8 = 8th sternite, T9 = 9th tergite, S9 = 9th sternite, T10 = 10th tergite, tg = tegmen, bp = basal piece, ml = median lobe.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.