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52 results for “chickadee”
Differences in oxidative stress across seasons and ability to cope with environmental mismatch in muscle and brain of black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and rock pigeons (Columba livia)
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Social network connections are positively related to temperature in winter flocks of black-capped chickadees
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Modeling phenological reaction norms over an elevational gradient reveals contrasting strategies of Dusky Flycatchers and Mountain Chickadees in response to early season temperatures
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Data from: The influence sampling design on species tree inference: a new relationship for the New World chickadees (Aves: Poecile)
In this study, we explore the long-standing issue of how many loci are needed to infer accurate phylogenetic relationships, and whether loci with particular attributes (i.e., parsimony informativeness, variability, gene tree resolution) outperform others. To do so, we use an empirical dataset consisting of the seven species of chickadees (Aves: Paridae), an analytically tractable, recently diverged group, and well studied ecologically but lacking a nuclear phylogeny. We estimate relationships using 40 nuclear loci and mitochondrial DNA using four coalescent-based species tree inference methods (BEST, *BEAST, STEM, STELLS). Collectively, our analyses contrast with previous studies and support a sister relationship between the Black-capped and Carolina Chickadee, two superficially similar species that hybridize along a long zone of contact. Gene flow is a potential source of conflict between nuclear and mitochondrial gene trees, yet, we find a significant, albeit low, signal of gene flow. Our results suggest that relatively few loci with high information content may be sufficient for estimating an accurate species tree, but that substantially more loci are necessary for accurate parameter estimation. We provide an empirical reference point for researchers designing sampling protocols with the purpose of inferring phylogenies and population parameters of closely related taxa.
Data from: Does city life reduce neophobia? A study on wild black-capped chickadees
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Data from: The influence sampling design on species tree inference: a new relationship for the New World chickadees (Aves: Poecile)
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Do phylogeny and habitat influence admixture among four North American chickadee (family: Paridae) species
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Data from: Hybrid chickadees are deficient in learning and memory
Identifying the phenotypes underlying postzygotic reproductive isolation is crucial for fully understanding the evolution and maintenance of species. One potential postzygotic isolating barrier that has rarely been examined is learning and memory ability in hybrids. Learning and memory are important fitness-related traits, especially in scatter-hoarding species, where accurate retrieval of hoarded food is vital for winter survival. Here, we test the hypothesis that learning and memory ability can act as a postzygotic isolating barrier by comparing these traits among two scatter-hoarding songbird species, black-capped (Poecile atricapillus), Carolina chickadees (Poecile carolinensis), and their naturally occurring hybrids. In an outdoor aviary setting, we find that hybrid chickadees perform significantly worse on an associative learning spatial task and are worse at solving a novel problem compared to both parental species. Deficiencies in learning and memory abilities could therefore contribute to postzygotic reproductive isolation between chickadee species. Given the importance of learning and memory for fitness, our results suggest that these traits may play an important, but as yet overlooked, role in postzygotic reproductive isolation.
Black capped and mountain chickadee nestling fecal samples
<p>Urban and suburban ecosystems are growing in size and number as the human population continues to increase. Not all cities are built the same, however, and it is still unclear how resident organisms are faring in increasingly urban habitats and whether cities are ecological sinks. To investigate how urbanization is affecting breeding success in insectivorous birds, we studied two species of chickadee, the <a>black-capped and mountain chickadee</a>[KG1] , along an urban-rural gradient in Boulder County, CO, USA. We used a citizen-science based experimental framework of nest boxes installed on private land throughout Boulder, CO, USA to local monitor breeding populations of chickadees relative to urbanization. Black-capped and mountain chickadees are two species of closely-related songbirds that co-occur broadly along an elevational gradient. Black-capped chickadees are considered to prefer nesting in low-elevation deciduous trees typically found in cities, while mountain chickadee prefer higher elevation, coniferous forests often considered more rural. However, both species do nest in relatively urbanized habitats, but little is known about how they are navigating these urban habitats. Using arthropod surveys & eDNA metabarcoding paired with field observations, we sought to determine if there are species differences between 1) how chickadee nestling condition varies with the level of urbanization of a nesting site and how urbanization of a nest site infleunces 2) insect availability, 3) nestling diet, and 4) adult provisioning effort. We found that there was no significant effect of urbanization on nestling condition in either species, and that urbanization did not significantly predict insect availability, nestling diet, or adult provisioning effort. We did detect however, differences in diet between the species, highlighting clear ecological niches between these species, despite overlapping breeding habitat. This is, to our knowledge, the first study documenting discrete ecological niches in prey preference for developing chicks and adds to a growing body of literature detailing ecological differentiation between these two species. How this divergence in diet contributes to these species ability to navigate increasingly urban habitats is less clear. It is likely that Boulder, Colorado is made of vegetation patches, effectively urban forest fragments, that allow chickadees living in the city to reproduce successful despite decreased prey quality and quantity associated with urban spaces.</p> <div> <div> <div class="msocomtxt"></div> </div> </div>
Data from: Hybrid chickadees are deficient in learning and memory
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Black capped and mountain chickadee nestling fecal samples
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Environmental drivers behind the genetic differentiation in mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli)
<p>Trimmed ddRAD sequences (post adapter removal) and codes used for the analysis of the paper</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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OpenNeuro
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