Find research datasets worth reusing

Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.

118

datasets available to search

ShareScore release 0.9.0

Dataset results

118 results for “cropping systems”

Learn how ShareScore rates datasets ↗

zenodo36/100

Short rotation woody crop decision support system

From http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr169 Plantations of short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) use fast-growing tree species that coppice, i.e., resprout from the stump, for repeated harvests that minimize planting costs. Under coppice management, 3–5 growth stages (coppices) can be harvested during the SWRC life (rotation or cycle), with each coppice lasting 2–10 years. SRWCs can produce wood for biomass, mulch, pulpwood, and other products, while also providing environmental services. For example, SRWC plantations can be irrigated with municipal wastewater or fertilized with treated biosolids or municipal compost, simultaneously increasing biomass production, reducing fertilizer costs, and intercepting nitrates and phosphates to reduce nutrient loading in waterways (Rosenqvist et al. 1997; Labrecque et al. 1997; Aronsson & Perttu 2001; Rockwood et al. 2004; Licht & Isebrands 2005; Langholtz et al. 2005; Mirck et al. 2005). SRWCs can also help build soil organic matter, recycle nutrients, and maintain vegetative cover to restore ecological functions of mined lands and other degraded lands (Stricker et al. 1993; Bungart & Huttl 2001; Rockwood et al. 2006). SRWCs established on agricultural lands as shelterbelts or buffer zones to protect riparian areas are likely to reduce soil erosion and runoff of agricultural inputs and improve wildlife habitat (Joslin & Schoenholtz 1997; Tolbert & Wright 1998; Thornton et al. 1998). In spite of these benefits, SRWC production is not always economically viable, and evaluating the economics of SRWC production is not easy. Because SRWCs can have multiple coppices per rotation, evaluating the economics of SRWCs is more complicated than that of conventional forestry. For example, in the evaluation of a pine plantation, the future value of harvested timber is discounted to the year of planting, and planting costs are subtracted to calculate the net present value (NPV) of one harvest rotation. NPV is then used to calculate land expectation value (LEV), i.e. the value of the land assuming the adoption of this forestry practice. However, in the case of SRWC systems, multiple coppices require that the value of every coppice is discounted to the beginning of the rotation. Furthermore, the costs associated with establishment of each rotation and coppice stage must be discounted differently, and determining the optimum harvest scheduling and replanting age is also more complicated than for conventional forestry. Theory behind economic evaluation and optimization of SRWCs is described by Medema & Lyon (1985), Tait (1986), and Smart & Burgess (2000). Economics of SRWC systems in Florida are evaluated by Langholtz et al. (2005; 2007). The Florida Institute of Phosphate Research (FIPR) has supported research in the development of SRWCs as commercial tree crops on phosphate mined lands in Florida. A product of this research is a SRWC Decision Support System (DSS) that can be used to evaluate the economic viability of SRWC systems. The DSS allows a user to input operational costs, planting densities, stumpage prices and other variables and calculate NPVs, LEV, equal annual equivalent (EAE), internal rate of return (IRR), and benefit/cost ratio of a SRWC system. The DSS is in the form of a Microsoft® Excel spreadsheet (Figure 1). The DSS allows users to enter variables in yellow cells in the “Inputs” section on the left side of the worksheet and view results in green cells in the “Outputs” section on the right. Input variables include stumpage price, capital cost, and costs of each start-up, rotation, coppice, and year. The user can specify what portion of total biomass is harvested, the number of coppices, and their harvest ages. Financial incentives for renewable energy or other environmental benefits can be incorporated on a per-ton basis in the stumpage price. The DSS uses growth and yield functions developed from measurements of two planting densities of Eucalyptus amplifolia in a field trial of SRWCs on a phosphate mine clay settling area (CSA) near Lakeland, FL. Yields for each growth stage are displayed, and can be modified by adjusting the initial planting density or by adjusting yields under the general parameters. Ranges of values used to assess SRWC production on CSAs are shown in Table 1. Under all possible combinations of the assumptions in Table 1, the profitability of E. amplifolia on CSAs varies widely, with LEVs ranging from -$909 to $6,740 acre-1. Under the base case scenario identified in Table 1, the resulting LEV is $308 acre-1 assuming an interest rate of 10% and $2,633 acre-1 assuming an interest rate of 4%. LEV, EAE, and IRR results of the base case scenario under a range of discount rates and stumpage prices are shown in Table 2. This DSS does not automatically determine optimum harvest ages or the optimum number of stages per cycle, which both require dual optimization of continuous functions. DSS users can either input probable harvest and replanting ages and “zero in” inputs to maximize economic returns, or contact the authors to arrange a customized DSS. The DSS in either Excel or MathCad format could be modified to incorporate alternative growth and yield functions that might be developed for other SRWC species or conditions. For more information see the FIPR report “Commercial Tree Crops for Phosphate Mined Lands”, Rockwood et al. (in press). From http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr169

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2017View details →

zenodo36/100

Bioenergy cropping systems shape ant community composition and functional roles

R code and partial data for Haan, Helms, & Landis 2023, Bioenergy cropping systems shape ant community composition and functional roles, to be published in Frontiers in Conservation Science. The ant species list we use to generate the species matrix was uploaded previously (10.5281/zenodo.8215581) in association with another manuscript (Haan et al. 2023, Science Advances, Contrasting effects of bioenergy crops on biodiversity). Therefore here we include a small table with trait information for each species along with the R code used specifically for this manuscript.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Soil phosphorus drawdown by perennial bioenergy cropping systems in the Midwestern US

Without fertilization, harvest of perennial bioenergy cropping systems diminishes soil nutrient stocks, yet the time course of nutrient drawdown has not often been investigated. We analyzed phosphorus (P) inputs (fertilization and atmospheric deposition) and outputs (harvest and leaching losses) over seven years in three representative biomass crops—switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), miscanthus (Miscanthus X giganteus) and hybrid poplar trees (Populus nigra X P. maximowiczii) – as well as in no-till corn (maize; Zea mays L.) for comparison, all planted on former cropland in SW Michigan, USA. Only corn received P fertilizer. Corn (grain and stover), switchgrass, and miscanthus were harvested annually, while poplar was harvested after six years. Soil test P (STP; Bray-1 method) was measured in the upper 25 cm of soil annually. Harvest P removal was calculated from tissue P concentration and harvest yield (or annual woody biomass accrual in poplar). Leaching was estimated as total dissolved P concentration in soil solutions sampled beneath the rooting depth (1.25 m), combined with hydrological modeling. Fertilization and harvest were by far the dominant P budget terms for corn, and harvest P removal dominated the P budgets in switchgrass, miscanthus, and poplar, while atmospheric deposition and leaching losses were comparatively insignificant. Because of significant P removal by harvest, the P balances of switchgrass, miscanthus, and poplar were negative and corresponded with decreasing STP, whereas P fertilization compensated for the harvest P removal in corn, resulting in a positive P balance. Results indicate that perennial crop harvest without P fertilization removed legacy P from soils, and continued harvest will soon draw P down to limiting levels, even in soils once heavily P-fertilized. Widespread cultivation of bioenergy crops may therefore alter P balances in agricultural landscapes, eventually requiring P fertilization, which could be supplied by P recovery from harvested biomass.

opencc-zeroNov 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Soil nitrous oxide emissions from global specialty crop systems

The data were extracted from published studies. All references and data sources are listed. We conducted an exhaustive literature search using Google Scholar and Web of Science databases. The searched keywords were 'soil nitrous oxide emission', 'soil greenhouse gas emission', and 'soil trace gas emission' respectively combined with each specialty crop. We searched for the common specialty crops listed by USDA, including fruits, tree nuts, and vegetables (https://www.ams.usda.gov/services/grants/scbgp/specialty-crop). The most recent search was in November 2023. For each article returned by the search, we evaluated whether it reported field observations of annual cumulative N2O emissions. Laboratory and greenhouse studies were excluded. This process identified 1137 observations from 114 studies. These studies covered six continents and four main climate types (Köppen climate classification). Area-scaled N2O emissions were reported as annual cumulative emissions (kg N2O-N ha−1 year−1). Yield-scaled N2O emissions were calculated by dividing area-scaled N2O emissions by fresh weight yield (kg N2O-N Mg fresh yield−1). The emission factor (EF) for annual cumulative N2O emission was calculated by EF (%) = (EN − E0)/Nrate. The EN and E0 are the N2O emissions (kg N2O-N ha−1 year−1) with and without N fertilizer, respectively. The Nrate is the N fertilizer application rate (kg N ha−1 year−1). Soil properties and environmental factors were also listed if they were avalable. Empty cells in the datasheet indicate no data avalable for that category or variable.

opencc-zeroFeb 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Data supporting "A multivariate approach to evaluate reduced tillage systems and cover crop sustainability"

Data supporting "A multivariate approach to evaluate reduced tillage systems and cover crop sustainability" by Sartori et al. (2022) Land, 11, 55. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/land11010055

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Dataset for manuscript entitled: Switchgrass cropping systems affect soil carbon and nitrogen and microbial diversity and activity on marginal lands

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), as a dedicated bioenergy crop, can provide cellulosic feedstock for biofuel production while improving or maintaining soil quality. However, comprehensive evaluations of how switchgrass cultivation and nitrogen (N) management impact soil and plant parameters remain incomplete. We conducted field trials in three years (2016–2018) at six locations in the North Central Great Lakes Region to evaluate the effects of cropping systems (switchgrass, restored prairie, undisturbed control) and N rates (0, 56 kg N ha-1 yr-1) on biomass yield and soil physicochemical, microbial, and enzymatic parameters. Switchgrass cropping system yielded an aboveground biomass 2.9–3.3 times higher than the other two systems (Jayawardena et al., In submission) but our study found that this biomass accumulation didn't reduce soil dissolved organic C (DOC), total dissolved N (TDN), or bacterial diversity. The annual aboveground biomass removal for bioenergy feedstock, however, reduced soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) and bacterial richness in the 2nd and 3rd years; despite this, continuous monocropping of switchgrass improved soil TDN, inorganic N, bacterial diversity, and shoot biomass in the 2nd and/or 3rd years when compared to the 1st year. N fertilization increased aboveground biomass yield by 1.2 times and significantly increased soil TDN, MBN, and the shoot biomass of switchgrass when compared to the unfertilized control. Locations with higher C and N contents and lower C:N ratio had higher aboveground biomass, MBC, MBN, and the activity of BG, CBH, and UREA enzymes; by contrast, locations with higher pH had higher soil TDN and activity of NAG and LAP enzymes. Our research demonstrates that switchgrass cultivation could improve or maintain soil N content and N fertilization can increase plant biomass yield. The comprehensive data also can inform future biogeochemical models to successfully implement switchgrass for bioenergy production.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Overyielding is accounted for partly by plasticity and dissimilarity of crop root traits in maize/legume intercropping systems

Positive biodiversity-productivity relationships have been found in biodiversity field experiments of grassland, forestry, and other natural terrestrial ecosystems, where diversity effects were separated by complementarity (CE) and selection effects (SE). However, we know little about how CE and SE are related to root traits and root dissimilarity. A four-year field experiment was carried out with a split-plot design, where main plot was four nitrogen (N) applications (N0, N1, N2, N3) and five cropping systems (maize (Zea mays L.)/soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill.), maize/peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) intercropped and the corresponding monocultures) with three replicates. Roots were sampled in the N0 and N2 treatments in two years. Intercropping effects were analyzed based on grain yield for four years and roots were sampled down to 60 cm depth, and analyzed with morphological parameters at different crop growth stages in two years. Intercropping significantly increased grain yield and aboveground biomass in both intercropping systems under all N treatments. The partitioning of the net intercropping effects showed that yield advantage in intercropping was due to a positive CE under the N0 treatment, and to a positive SE with N application. Maize showed greater root morphological plasticity than the legumes did, with greater changes in root length density (RLD), root weight density (RWD) and total root surface (TS) in intercropping than in monoculture. Intercropped maize occupied a larger soil space, while lateral RLD distribution of legumes was decreased by maize. The RLD, RWD, and TS of intercropped maize were constant or increased in later growth stages. SE showed a significantly positive relationship with root dissimilarity. Principal component analysis showed mean root depth and specific root length of legumes drove the positive CE in the absence of N fertilization. Root dissimilarity determined by maize explained the selection effects in overyielding. Complementarity effects under N0 were closely associated with specific root traits such as mean root depth and specific root length. Linking changes of root traits with intercropping effects aboveground helps understand yield advantages in diverse agroecosystem. In general, a cereal species with strong phenotypic plasticity intercropped with a legume species with strong physiological plasticity can maximize the yield advantage of intercropping.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Contribution of wheat and maize to soil organic carbon in a wheat-maize cropping system: a field and laboratory study

Retention of crop biomass is widely recommended to improve soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the magnitude of contribution of aboveground residues and belowground roots from C3 and C4 crops to SOC is unclear. Data from a 10-year field experiment and a 60-day laboratory incubation were synthesized to identify the respective contribution of C3 (e.g., wheat) and C4 (e.g., maize) residues and roots to SOC, as well as its underlying mechanisms under no-till (NT) using 13C labelling trace in wheat-maize rotations. The field experiment showed that residue retention significantly increased SOC accumulation, and SOC derived from wheat was 126.0% higher than that from maize. Conversion to NT promoted SOC derived from wheat and thus accumulated 17.6% higher SOC stock compared with plow tillage (PT) under residue returning at 0-20 cm soil depth (P<0.05). The data from laboratory incubation revealed the mechanisms that lower priming effects at 0-10 cm depth decreased total mineralization by 91.8% after inputs of wheat residues and roots compared with that of maize residues and roots, especially under NT compared with PT. Priming effects were negatively correlated with enzyme activities associated with the C recycle, SOC, and total nitrogen (TN) contents (P<0.01). NT increased enzyme activities, SOC, and TN contents and thus reduced priming effects and improved residual C. Synthesis and applications. These results suggested that wheat may contribute more to SOC accumulation than maize, and carbon increment efficiency in farmland could be enhanced by considering the crucial roles of C3 crops in SOC accumulation. NT practice sustains the benefits of C3 crops to SOC sequestration in the upper soil depths.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Soil carbon maintained by perennial grasslands but lost in field crop systems over 30 years in a temperate Mollisol according to longitudinal, compaction-corrected, full-soil profile analysis

To mitigate climate change, some seek to store carbon from the atmosphere in agricultural soils. However, our understanding of how agriculture affects soil organic carbon (SOC) is muddied by studies 1) lacking longitudinal data, 2) ignoring bulk density changes, or 3) sampling only surface soils. To better understand SOC trends, here we measured changes over 30 years in density-corrected, full-soil-depth (90 cm) SOC stocks under 6 cropping systems and a restored prairie in a Mollisol of southern Wisconsin, USA. Cash-grain systems and alfalfa-based systems lost SOC. Prairie and rotationally-grazed pasture maintained SOC. Average SOC losses for cash-grain and alfalfa-based systems were -0.82 (±0.12) and -0.64 (±0.17) Mg C ha-1 yr-1, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that incomplete methodologies overestimated SOC improvements. Our findings using more comprehensive methods demonstrate the inadequacy of row-crop systems and the need for well-managed grasslands to protect SOC in productive agricultural soils of the Upper Midwest USA.

opencc-zeroJun 2024View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Comparative productivity of six bioenergy cropping systems on marginal lands in the Great Lakes Region, United States

Growing lignocellulosic crops on marginal lands is a promising solution for sustainable biofuel production. We evaluated the productivity of bioenergy cropping systems (switchgrass [Panicum virgatum L., var. Cave‐In‐Rock], miscanthus [Miscanthus × giganteus, 'Illinois clone'], hybrid poplar [Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii A. Henry 'NM6'], native grasses [five species], early successional vegetation, and restored prairie vs. historical vegetation [as reference control]) with and without nitrogen fertilization on low‐fertility former cropland at five sites in the Great Lakes Region, United States. We reported biomass yields for the first 7 years after establishment. Switchgrass was most consistently productive across all sites, but miscanthus was more productive at three of the five sites. When averaged across sites, years, and nitrogen (N) treatments, biomass yields followed the order miscanthus > switchgrass > hybrid poplar ≈ native grasses > restored prairie > early successional vegetation ≈ historical vegetation, but varied substantially by crop and site, with a significant crop by site interaction. Yields of miscanthus and switchgrass peaked after four to five growing seasons and declined thereafter, while yields of both native grasses and restored prairie increased throughout 6 years with no sign of follow‐on decline, suggesting that polycultures may outperform monocultures over the long term. Yields of early successional vegetation—similar in composition to historical vegetation at each site—did not improve with time. Nitrogen fertilization increased the yields of all cropping systems at all sites. Our results demonstrate the viability of low‐productivity former cropland for long‐term bioenergy production and suggest there is no single crop best suited for all low-fertility soils.

opencc-zeroJun 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Pest suppression potential varies across ten bioenergy cropping systems

Dataset and metadata for Haan, N.L., & Landis, D.A. 2023. Pest suppression potential varies across ten bioenergy cropping systems. Global Change Biology - Bioenergy.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Novel cropping system strategies in China can increase plant protein with higher economic value but lower greenhouse gas emissions and water use

This database contains the average crop residue, manure nitrogen, manure organic carbon, net greenhouse gas emissions, and cropland area for 17 cropping systems at prefecture level during the period 2014-2018. In addition, it contained the changes of net greenhouse gas emissions caused by the optimization at prefecture level and province level.     We also shared the key code for optimizing cropping systems at prefecture level and provided the all data. Users can run it the Matlab platform.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Data for: Improvements in the Land and Crop Modeling over Flooded Rice Fields by Incorporating the Shallow Paddy Water (Submitting to the Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems)

We incorporated the shallow paddy surface water layer into the Noah-MP land surface model to improve its performance of surface heat fluxes over flooded rice paddies. Field measurements from two crop sites, i.e., SAITO (early rice) and SAGA (late rice), were used to initialize and evaluate the modified Noah-MP model (Maruyama, 2021). Additionally, we investigated the roles of some key parameters in the land and crop modeling.  Note that, all numerical experiments in this study were conducted at the field scale using the offline version of Noah-MP (Niu et al., 2011) running within the High-Resolution Land Data Assimilation System (HRLDAS v3.9; Chen et al., 2007). Please refer to the official HRLDAS/Noah-MP unified Github repository (<a href="https://github.com/NCAR/hrldas">https://github.com/NCAR/hrldas-release</a>) for the original model codes. The related model code modifications and model outputs were included in this dataset. Surface observations for the nearest AMeDAS or meteorological observatory stations were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency website (<a href="https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/indexe.html">https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/indexe.html</a>), and were also provided in this dataset.   References Chen, F., Manning, K. W., LeMone, M. A., Trier, S. B., Alfieri, J. G., Roberts, R. D., et al. (2007). Description and evaluation of the characteristics of the NCAR high‐resolution land data assimilation system. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 46(6), 694-713. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1175/JAM2463.1">https://doi.org/10.1175/JAM2463.1</a> Maruyama, A. (2021). Data for: Coupling land surface and crop models to estimate the effects of changes in the growing season on energy balance and water use of rice paddies (version 2) [Data set]. Mendeley Data. <a href="https://doi.org/10.17632/tv23z95r5g.2">https://doi.org/10.17632/tv23z95r5g.2</a> Niu, G., Yang, Z., Mitchell, K., Chen, F., Ek, M., Barlage, M., et al. (2011). The community Noah land surface model with multiparameterization options (Noah‐MP): 1. Model description and evaluation with local‐scale measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116, D12109. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015139">https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015139</a>

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

MAgPIE model runs csv for plotting: Climate change-driven global land-use system adaptation under CMIP6-based crop model projections

This .zip file contains the data used to create the figures for the paper. It includes .csv files and .nc files for maps. This version includes additional files like the mapping between countries and MAgPIE're economic regions.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Synergism between production and soil health through crop diversification, organic amendments and crop protection in wheat-based systems

<ol> <li class="MsoNormal">One of the critical challenges in agriculture is enhancing yield without compromising its foundation, a healthy environment, and, particularly, soils. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify management practices that simultaneously support soil health and production and help achieve environmentally sound production systems.</li> <li class="MsoNormal">To investigate how management influences production and soil health under realistic agronomic conditions, we conducted an on-farm study involving 60 wheat fields managed conventionally, under no-till, or organically. We assessed 68 variables defining management, production, and soil health properties. We examined how management systems and individual practices describing crop diversification, fertiliser inputs, agrochemical use, and soil disturbance influenced production – quantity and quality – and soil health focusing on aspects ranging from soil organic matter over soil structure to microbial abundance and diversity.</li> <li class="MsoNormal">Our on-farm comparison showed marked differences between soil health and production in the current system: organic management resulted in the best overall soil health (+ 47%) but the most significant yield gap (- 34%) compared to conventional management. No-till systems were generally intermediate, exhibiting a smaller yield gap (- 17%) and only a marginally improved level of soil health (+ 5%) compared to conventional management. Yet, the overlap between management systems in production and soil health properties was considerably large.</li> <li class="MsoNormal">Our results further highlight the importance of soil health for productivity by revealing positive associations between crop yield and soil health properties, particularly under conventional management, whereas factors such as weed pressure were more dominant in organic systems.</li> <li class="MsoNormal">None of the three systems showed advantages in supporting production-soil health-based multifunctionality. In contrast, a cross-system analysis suggests that multifunctional agroecosystems could be achieved through a combination of crop diversification and organic amendments with effective crop protection.</li> <li class="MsoNormal">Synthesis and applications: Our on-farm study implies that current trade-offs in managing production and soil health could be overcome through more balanced systems incorporating conventional and alternative approaches. Such multifunctionality supporting systems could unlock synergies between vital ecosystem services and help achieve productive yet environmentally sound agriculture supported by healthy soils.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

dryad36/100