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69 results for “dentary”
Data from: The dentary of hadrosauroid dinosaurs: evolution through heterochrony
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Data from: Biomechanical properties of the jaws of two species of Clevosaurus and a reanalysis of rhynchocephalian dentary morphospace
<p>Rhynchocephalians were a successful, globally distributed group of diapsid reptiles that thrived in the Mesozoic. Multiple species of <em>Clevosaurus</em> existed worldwide in the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic, and they are characterised by shearing bladelike teeth perhaps functionally analogous to the carnassial teeth of mammals. Morphometric analysis shows that the dentary morphospace of clevosaurs differs significantly from that of other rhynchocephalians. Five <em>Clevosaurus</em> species occupied islands in the Bristol Channel archipelago of the UK, but generally not those occupied by mammaliaforms, suggesting dietary character displacement. Identifying the diet of such ancient, small tetrapods has been difficult. To identify the nature of their feeding, we apply finite element analysis to two near complete three-dimensional skulls of the species <em>Clevosaurus hudsoni </em>and <em>Clevosaurus cambrica</em> to estimate bite force, resistance to bending and torsion, and the distribution of stresses during biting. Both species had bite forces and tooth pressures sufficient to break apart chitin, indicating that like early Mesozoic mammaliaforms, clevosaurs could feed on tough-shelled beetles and possibly small vertebrates. In addition, the mechanical advantage of the jaws falls within the range of early mammaliaforms, so though we cannot demonstrate niche partitioning between members of both clades, it raises the prospect that they may have been functionally similar.</p>
Figure 1 in Shape variation in the mole dentary (Talpidae: Mammalia)
Figure 1. Regions of the mammalian (talpid) dentary.
Figure 9. Aetiocetus weltoni, UCMP 122900, holotype left dentary. A in Skull anatomy of the Oligocene toothed mysticete Aetioceus weltoni (Mammalia; Cetacea): implications for mysticete evolution and functional anatomy
Figure 9. Aetiocetus weltoni, UCMP 122900, holotype left dentary. A, lateral view; B, medial view.
Data from: Convergent evolution among non-carnivorous, desert-dwelling theropods as revealed by the dentary of the noasaurid Berthasaura leopoldinae (Cretaceous of Brazil)
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Data from: Biomechanical properties of the jaws of two species of Clevosaurus and a reanalysis of rhynchocephalian dentary morphospace
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Figure 7 Maxillary and dentary measurements for BMRP 2002.4.1 and BHI 3033 in Feeding traces attributable to juvenile Tyrannosaurus rex offer insight into ontogenetic dietary trends
Figure 7 Maxillary and dentary measurements for BMRP 2002.4.1 and BHI 3033 mesiodistal and labiolingual dimensions at 5 mm depth compared to the bite marks on BMR P2007.4.1. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6573/fig-7
Figure 15 Bivariate scatterplot showing the relationship between dentary tooth count with maturity among 16 in A high-resolution growth series of Tyrannosaurus rex obtained from multiple lines of evidence
Figure 15 Bivariate scatterplot showing the relationship between dentary tooth count with maturity among 16 specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. Growth rank increases away from the origin (i.e., maturity increases to the right) and corresponds to growth stages for which dentary tooth count was available for a given specimen; that is, the rank does not correspond to growth stage. Dentary tooth rank corresponds to relative tooth count, where low ranks correspond to high tooth counts and low ranks correspond to high tooth counts. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9192/fig-15
UW40 - Taeniolabis taoensis, Dentary
Period/Epoch: Cenozoic / Paleocene State: Wyoming Taxonomy: Mammalia>Multituberculata>Taeniolabididae>Taeniolabis taoensis Taeniolabis ("banded insisor") is an extinct mulituberculate mammal that lived just after non-avian dinosaurs went extinct in the Paleocene Epoch of Wyoming. Multituberculates, originated during the time of dinosaurs, are known as crown mammals; they are related but not included in modern day mammal groups of placental, marsupial or monotremes. Taeniolabis is one of the largest known multituberculate and likely looked similar in size and shape to a modern day beaver. Multituberculates are known for their unusual 'tubercles' of their teeth, which can be seen in this 3D model. Scanned with the David SLS-2 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
text-fig. 22. Dentaries in dorsal view, illustrating different states for characters 76 and 83. a, Magnosaurus oxoniensis', based on OUM J 12143. B, Troödon formosus-, based on TMP 92.36.575. Abbreviation: idp, interdental plates. Anterior is to the left. Scale bars represent 10 mm. in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 22. Dentaries in dorsal view, illustrating different states for characters 76 and 83. a, Magnosaurus oxoniensis', based on OUM J 12143. B, Troödon formosus-, based on TMP 92.36.575. Abbreviation: idp, interdental plates. Anterior is to the left. Scale bars represent 10 mm.
text-fig. 4. Skull reconstructions of representatives of riassic OTUs in left lateral view, a, Euparkeria capensis, Early Triassic (Scythian-Anisian), Beaufort Group, South Africa; redrawn from Ewer (1965). B, basal ornithischian Lesothosaurus diagnostics, Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian), Elliot Formation, Lesotho; redrawn from Sereno (1991b). c, prosauropod sauropodomorph Plateosaurus sp., Late riassic (Norian), Knollenmergel, Germany; based on MB R. 1937. D, Eoraptor lunensis, Late Triassic (Camian), Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina; based on PVSJ 512. E, Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, Late Triassic (Camian), Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina; redrawn from Sereno and Novas (1993). F, Coelophysis bauri, Late riassic (Norian), Chinle Formation, south-western USA; modified from Paul (1993). G, Lilienstemus lilienstemi, Late riassic (Norian), Knollenmergel, Germany; based on MB R. 2175, unpreserved elements shaded. H, Shuvosaurus inexpectatus, Late riassic (Norian), Dockum Group, Texas, USA; based on TU P 9280. Abbreviations: a, angular; aof, antorbital fenestra; d, dentary; emf, external mandibular fenestra; en, external nares; eo, exoccipital; f, frontal; itf, infratemporal fenestra; j, jugal; 1, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbit; oc, occipital condyle; op, opisthotic; pa, parietal; pd, predentary; pm, premaxilla; pm-mf, premaxillary-maxillary fenestra; po, postorbital; pof, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qf, quadrate foramen; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; saf, surangular foramen; snf, subnarial foramen; sob, supraorbital; soc, supraoccipital; sp, splenial; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra. Scale bars represent 10 mm (a-b) and 50 mm (c-H). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 4. Skull reconstructions of representatives of riassic OTUs in left lateral view, a, Euparkeria capensis, Early Triassic (Scythian-Anisian), Beaufort Group, South Africa; redrawn from Ewer (1965). B, basal ornithischian Lesothosaurus diagnostics, Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian), Elliot Formation, Lesotho; redrawn from Sereno (1991b). c, prosauropod sauropodomorph Plateosaurus sp., Late riassic (Norian), Knollenmergel, Germany; based on MB R. 1937. D, Eoraptor lunensis, Late Triassic (Camian), Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina; based on PVSJ 512. E, Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, Late Triassic (Camian), Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina; redrawn from Sereno and Novas (1993). F, Coelophysis bauri, Late riassic (Norian), Chinle Formation, south-western USA; modified from Paul (1993). G, Lilienstemus lilienstemi, Late riassic (Norian), Knollenmergel, Germany; based on MB R. 2175, unpreserved elements shaded. H, Shuvosaurus inexpectatus, Late riassic (Norian), Dockum Group, Texas, USA; based on TU P 9280. Abbreviations: a, angular; aof, antorbital fenestra; d, dentary; emf, external mandibular fenestra; en, external nares; eo, exoccipital; f, frontal; itf, infratemporal fenestra; j, jugal; 1, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbit; oc, occipital condyle; op, opisthotic; pa, parietal; pd, predentary; pm, premaxilla; pm-mf, premaxillary-maxillary fenestra; po, postorbital; pof, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qf, quadrate foramen; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; saf, surangular foramen; snf, subnarial foramen; sob, supraorbital; soc, supraoccipital; sp, splenial; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra. Scale bars represent 10 mm (a-b) and 50 mm (c-H).
Figure 3. Holotype incomplete right dentary with p4, partial m1 in Systematics, evolution, and biogeography of the Pliocene stem meline badger Ferinestrix (Carnivora: Mustelidae)
Figure 3. Holotype incomplete right dentary with p4, partial m1 (lacking the lingual part of its trigonid), and m2 of Ferinestrix vorax, UMMP 53343. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, medial view. Photographs of a cast coated with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 10 mm.
Figure 17. Parazhelestes mynbulakensis, stereophotographs URBAC 98–13, left dentary with i1-3, c, p1-4 in Phylogenetic analysis, taxonomic revision, and dental ontogeny of the Cretaceous Zhelestidae (Mammalia: Eutheria)
Figure 17. Parazhelestes mynbulakensis, stereophotographs URBAC 98–13, left dentary with i1-3, c, p1-4 alveoli, and p5, m1-3. A, stereophotograph and line drawing of anterior end. Light grey indicates teeth and dark grey indicates alveoli. B, stereophotograph of teeth in labial, occlusal, and lingual views. Photographs showing entire dentary, C, lingual view and D, labial view.
Figure 30. Isolated right dentary. A in Cranial osteology and preliminary phylogenetic assessment of Plectrurus aureus Beddome, 1880 (Squamata: Serpentes: Uropeltidae)
Figure 30. Isolated right dentary. A, right-lateral view, anterior to the right. B, right-medial view, anterior to the left. Abbreviations: antf, anterior opening of Meckel's canal; Mklc, Meckel's canal; mtlf, mental foramen; pdp, posterodorsal process. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Data from: The dentary of Wareolestes rex (Megazostrodontidae): a new specimen from Scotland and implications for morganucodontan tooth replacement
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Fig. 3. Partial left dentary with p4 in Second specimen of Corriebaatar marywaltersae from the Lower Cretaceous of Australia confirms its multituberculate affinities
Fig. 3. Partial left dentary with p4 in situ in referred specimen, NMV P252730, of the cimolodontan multituberculate Corriebaatar marywaltersae Rich, Vickers-Rich, Flannery, Kear, Cantrill, Komarower, Kool, Pickering, Trusler, Morton, van Klaveren, and Fitzgerald, 2009, Flat Rocks locality, Eumeralla Formation, Barremian, Lower Cretaceous of Victoria, Australia, photographed as embedded in rock matrix. Medial view of small anterior section (A1) and lateral view of large posterior section (A2, stereopair).
Text-fig. 5. Cyclurus macrocephalus REUSS. Skull roof. Specimen N.M.P. Pc 2833. Dent: dentary; Dptot: dermopterotic; Fr: frontal; Iorb. 4: fourth infraorbital; Iorb. 5: fifth infraorbital; Na: nasal; Op: operculum; Pa: parietal; Pop: preoperculum; Scl: supracleithrum. [Photograph D. Serrette] in Complements To The Anatomical Knowledge Of Reuss (Pisces, Actinopterygii) From The Eocene Of Kučlín, Bohemia, Czech Republic
Text-fig. 5. Cyclurus macrocephalus REUSS. Skull roof. Specimen N.M.P. Pc 2833. Dent: dentary; Dptot: dermopterotic; Fr: frontal; Iorb. 4: fourth infraorbital; Iorb. 5: fifth infraorbital; Na: nasal; Op: operculum; Pa: parietal; Pop: preoperculum; Scl: supracleithrum. [Photograph D. Serrette]
Figure 16. Dentary crowns. A in On Asian ornithopods (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). 4. Probactrosaurus Rozhdestvensky, 1966
Figure 16. Dentary crowns. A, Altirhinus kurzanovi. Isolated replacement dentary crown; crown hollow, root uncalcified. B, Probactrosaurus gobiensis isolated crown (PIN 2232/23-2) in lingual aspect. C, the same crown as in B, but in mesial aspect and under greater magnification, showing details of the structure of the marginal denticles.
Figure 11 in Shape variation in the mole dentary (Talpidae: Mammalia)
Figure 11. Horizontal ramus shape showing position of landmarks (numbered coordinates, see Fig. 3) and semilandmarks (un-numbered coordinates) relating to models in Figures 10C–D and 12E–F.
Figure 4 in Shape variation in the mole dentary (Talpidae: Mammalia)
Figure 4. Distribution of talpid coronoid process outline shape in the ES-1 versus ES-2 (A) and ES-2 versus ES-3 (B) shape planes and corresponding outline shape models (C and D). L values = percentage variance accounted for by each axis based on singular values. For symbol shading conventions see text.
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