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62 results for “desert soils”
FIGURE 1 in Polyphasic characterization of Trichocoleus desertorum sp. nov. (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteria) from desert soils and phylogenetic placement of the genus Trichocoleus
FIGURE 1. Morphological variability of the type population of T. desertorum (ATA4-8). A. Multiple trichomes in a sheath. B. Short trichome with conical apical cells. C. Different shapes of apical cells and tapering of trichome. D. Granules in cells (arrows). E–F. Variable cell lengths and sheath properties. G. Short trichomes with pointed apical cells and vivid cyan spots in cells, senescent culture. H. Necridium (arrow). I. Cyan spots in young trichome. Scale = 10 µm (A at lower magnification, B–I share the scale bar from B).
FIGURE 4. V3 helix. A. K. adunca ATA3-4Q in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile
FIGURE 4. V3 helix. A. K. adunca ATA3-4Q-CV17, ATA3-5Q-CV5/LB5, B. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM4C/RM9/RM11, C. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM4A, D. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM10, E. Phormidium sp. B-Tom, F. Microcoleus sp. WJT32- NPBGF, G. Wilmottia murrayi.
FIGURE 9. V3 helix. A. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA2-1 in Polyphasic characterization of Trichocoleus desertorum sp. nov. (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteria) from desert soils and phylogenetic placement of the genus Trichocoleus
FIGURE 9. V3 helix. A. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA2-1-CV2/CV7. B. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA3-4Q-KO9, Trichocoleus sp. TAA2- 1HA2.30. C. Trichocoleus badius op. 1 and 2. D. Trichocoleus desertorum CMT-1FDIN-NPC12A. E. Trichocoleus desertorum CMT-1BRIN- NPC4B, WJT8-NPBG3, WJT40-NPBG1/NPBG2, WJT46-NPBG1 op. 1. F. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA14-3-RM35/RM36 op. 1, JO2-1B. G. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA1-4-KO5/CV13, ATA4-8-CV2/CV3/CV12. H. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA14-3-RM36 op. 2. I. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA12-5-KO5. J. Trichocoleus desertorum WJT55-NPBG8. K. Trichocoleus desertorum FB1-1A. L. Trichocoleus desertorum WJT16-NPBG1. M. Trichocoleus desertorum WJT46-NPBG1 op. 2. N. Nodosilinea nodulosa.
FIGURE 5 in Polyphasic characterization of Trichocoleus desertorum sp. nov. (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteria) from desert soils and phylogenetic placement of the genus Trichocoleus
FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic relationships among Trichocoleus strains based on parsimony analysis with 16S–23S ITS region sequence. Values above branches represent bootstrap values from this analysis. Holotype is based on strain in bold font. Letters in parentheses represent ITS helices shown in Figs. 6–9 in order: D1–D1'/Box-B/V2/V3. Helix pattern for operons not included in the ITS tree are shown in lower right corner.
FIGURE 3. D1-D1 in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile
FIGURE 3. D1-D1' and Box-B helices. A–E. D1-D1' helix, F–I. Box B helix. A. Kastovskya adunca ATA3-4Q-CV17, ATA3-5Q- CV5/LB5, ATA6-11-RM4/RM9/RM11, B. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM10, C. Phormidium sp. B-Tom, D. "Microcoleus steenstrupii" WJT32-NPBGF, E. Wilmottia murrayi, F. Kastovskya adunca ATA3-4Q-CV17, ATA3-5Q-CV5/LB5, ATA6-11-RM4/ RM9/RM10/RM11, G. Phormidium sp. B-Tom, H. "Microcoleus steenstrupii" WJT32-NPBGF, I. Wilmottia murrayi.
FIGURE 2 in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic position of the genus Kastovskya in the order Oscillatoriales based on Bayesian analysis with 16S rRNA gene sequence data. Posterior probabilities/bootstrap support from parsimony analysis reported above nodes.
FIGURE 1 in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile
FIGURE 1. Morphological variability of Kastovskya adunca. A. Single filament of multiple intertwined trichomes. B–E. Various shapes of apical cells. F–G. Fasciculated thylakoids in cells. H. Necridia. I. Pointed apical cell. J. Hormogonium. K. Undulated edges of the sheath. L. Fasciculated thylakoids. M. Conical apical cell, sheath properties, and fascicles of thylakoids. Scale bar = 10 µm (A at lower magnification, B–M share the scale bar from B).
FIGURE 2 in Polyphasic characterization of Trichocoleus desertorum sp. nov. (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteria) from desert soils and phylogenetic placement of the genus Trichocoleus
FIGURE 2. Morphological variability of various T. desertorum populations. A. Multiple trichomes in a common sheath (ATA3-4Q-KO9). B. Short trichome with short, strongly constricted cells (ATA1-4-KO5). C. Asymmetrical cell division (WJT40-NPBG1). D–E. Asymmetrical cell division and granules (arrows) in cells (CMT-1BRIN-NPC4B). F. Multiple trichomes in a colorless lamellated sheath with greyish light refraction (ATA14-3-RM36). G–H. Thylakoids in fascicles (arrows) (G. ATA14-3-RM36, H. ATA2-1-CV2). I–J. Involution cells (arrow) (I. WJT40-NPBG1, J. WJT55-NPBG8). K. Tapering trichome with pointed apical cell (ATA1-4-CV13). Scale = 10 µm.
FIGURE 8. V2 helix. A. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA14-3 in Polyphasic characterization of Trichocoleus desertorum sp. nov. (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteria) from desert soils and phylogenetic placement of the genus Trichocoleus
FIGURE 8. V2 helix. A. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA14-3-RM35/RM36 op. 1 and 2. B. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA1-4-KO5/CV13, ATA3-4Q-KO9, ATA4-8-CV2/CV3/CV12, ATA12-5-KO5. C. Trichocoleus desertorum WJT8-NPBG3, WJT40-NPBG1/NPBG2, WJT46- NPBG1 op. 1, CMT-1BRIN-NPC4B. D. Trichocoleus desertorum WJT55-NPBG8. E. Trichocoleus badius op. 2. F. Trichocoleus badius op. 1. G. Trichocoleus sp. TAA2-1HA2.30. H. Trichocoleus desertorum ATA2-1-CV2/CV7. I. Leptolyngbya Zehnder 1965/U140.
Effects of Hedysarum leguminous plants on soil bacterial microbiome in the Mu Us desert, northwest China
<p><span>By assessing the influence of rhizocompartment types (i.e. root, rhizosphere soil, root zone soil, and inter-shrub bulk soil) on the diversity of soil microbial communities under desert leguminous plant shrubs, and the influence of, and variations in, soil physicochemical factors in interactions among leguminous plants, soil, and microbes. Both 16S rRNA high-throughput genome sequencing and conventional soil physicochemical index determination were used to characterise the bacterial diversity and soil physicochemical properties in the rhizocompartments of two <i>Hedysarum</i> spp. (<i>Hedysarum mongolicum</i> and <i>Hedysarum scoparium</i>) in the Mu Us Desert. We found that all the nutrient indices (except TP and AP), values in rhizosphere soil were uniformly higher than those in root zone soil and inter-shrub bulk soil (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The bacterial community diversity in the root, under-shrub (rhizosphere, root zone) and inter-shrub bulk soil also have significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Desert leguminous plants had significant effects on hierarchical filtration and enrichment of specific soil bacterial microbiomes (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Root endophyte and rhizosphere soil microbiomes were mainly influenced by soil nutrients, while the bacterial communities in root zones soil and inter-shrub bulk soil were mainly influenced by soil pH and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N. The rhizocompartment types of desert leguminous plants have a significant influence on the diversity of soil microbial communities. According to our findings, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia can co-exist with non-symbiotic endophytes in the roots of desert leguminous plants, and plants have a hierarchical filtering and enriching effect on beneficial microbes in soil via rhizocompartments. Soil physicochemical factors have a significant influence on the structure and composition of microbial communities in various rhizocompartments, and this influence is derived from the interactions among leguminous plants, soil, and microbes.</span></p>
Data from: Root vertical distributions of two Artemisia species and their relationships with soil resources in the Hunshandake desert, China
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Effects of Hedysarum leguminous plants on soil bacterial microbiome in the Mu Us desert, northwest China
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Wetting‐induced soil CO2 emission pulses are driven by interactions among soil temperature, carbon, and nitrogen limitation in the Colorado Desert
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Synthetic soil crusts against green-desert transitions: a spatial model
<p>Semiarid ecosystems are threatened by global warming due to longer dehydration times and increasing soil degradation. Mounting evidences indicate that, given the current trends, drylands are likely to expand and possibly experience catastrophic shifts from vegetated to desert states. Here we explore a recent suggestion based on the concept of ecosystem terraformation, where a synthetic organism is used to counterbalance some of the nonlinear effects causing the presence of such tipping points. Using an explicit spatial model incorporating facilitation and considering a simplification of states found in semiarid ecosystems i.e., vegetation, fertile and desert soil, we investigate how engineered microorganisms can shape the fate of these ecosystems. Specifically, two different, but complementary, terraformation strategies are proposed: Cooperation-based: C-terraformation; and Dispersion-based: D-terraformation. The first strategy involves the use of soil synthetic microorganisms to introduce cooperative loops (facilitation) with the vegetation. The second one involves the introduction of engineered microorganisms improving their dispersal capacity, thus facilitating the transition from desert to fertile soil. We show that small modifications enhancing cooperative loops can effectively change the location of the critical transition found at increasing soil degradation rates, also identifying a stronger protection against soil degradation by using the D-terraformation strategy. The same results are found in a mean field model providing insights into the transitions and dynamics tied to these terraformation strategies. The potential consequences and extensions of these models are discussed.</p>
Data from: Increased soil temperature and decreased precipitation during early plant life stages constrain grass seedling recruitment in cold desert restoration
1. Seed-based restoration is one of the most difficult challenges for dryland restoration. Identifying environmental conditions that drive variation in seed and seedling mortality across similar restoration efforts could increase understanding of when and where restoration outcomes are likely to be favorable and identify new tools and strategies to improve outcomes. 2. We asked how variation in a suite of environmental predictors influenced germination, emergence, seedling establishment, and juvenile survival of four commonly sown perennial grass species across 33 seeding experiments distributed over a ~160,000-km2 area of the Great Basin, a cold desert system in the western United States. 3. Across experiments, we observed wide variation in the rates of four demographic transitions and wide variation in environmental conditions experienced by plants at each stage. For all species, higher precipitation during the first 30 days following seeding was associated with an increase in germination. Conversely, higher soil temperature over this same time period was associated with a significant decrease in germination and emergence and soil temperature was associated with a substantial portion of the variation in germination and emergence probabilities observed across our seeding experiments. 4. Within the range of precipitation variation observed, we were unable to detect a significant relationship between seedling establishment the first growing season and cumulative precipitation the first year, precipitation during the first spring growing season, or annual climatic water deficit (CWD) the first year. Higher CWD the second growing season reduced seedling survival over that time period. 5. Synthesis and application. Our results show higher soil temperature negatively impacts grass seedling recruitment. Our results can be combined with seasonal and subseasonal temperature forecasts to improve restoration decision-making. These results also suggest climate warming will make restoration even more difficult, with our model estimates suggesting the 2°C increase in temperature expected in the Great Basin over the coming decades will decease germination and emergence by about 30%. Lastly, while our field-based approach provided insight into short-term drivers of mortality, it did not provide insight into drivers of longer-term survival, suggesting a need to develop process-based approaches for predicting long-term restoration outcomes.29-Aug-2019
Data from: Increased soil temperature and decreased precipitation during early life stages constrain grass seedling recruitment in cold desert restoration
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Synthetic soil crusts against green-desert transitions: a spatial model
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Hierarchical Bayesian scaling of soil properties across urban, agricultural, and desert ecosystems in central Arizona-Phoenix
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Climate change affects desert hydrology through atmospheric water capture by soils
<p>This is data supporting the paper "<span>Can dry get wetter even if rainfall declines?" by Kool and Agam.</span></p> <p><span>Data was collected at the Mashash Experimental Farm (31.07°N, 34.85°E; Mashash) and Sede-Boqer (30.86°N, 34.78°E).</span></p> <p><span>Please refer to the paper for more details.</span></p> <p><span>Please contact the authors should you want to make use of the data.</span></p> <p><span>Dilia Kool: dkool@bgu.ac.il</span></p> <p><span>Nurit Agam: agam@bgu.ac.il</span></p>
Dynamic transcriptional response of Microcoleus vaginatus to hydration and dehydration in a desert biological soil crust
GEO Series GSE40188. Microcoleus vaginatus; Microcoleus vaginatus PCC 9802; Microcoleus vaginatus FGP-2. 52 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.