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186 results for “disjunct distribution”
Figure 3. Shell ontogeny. A in Phylogeny of cardiid bivalves (cockles and giant clams): revision of the Cardiinae and the importance of fossils in explaining disjunct biogeographical distributions
Figure 3. Shell ontogeny. A, Chesacardium laqueatum (FMNH UC7082), B, Chesacardium laqueatum (FMNH PE3523). C, D, Planicardium virginianum (UNC 11856). All scale bars = 10 mm.
Figure 1 in Phylogeny of cardiid bivalves (cockles and giant clams): revision of the Cardiinae and the importance of fossils in explaining disjunct biogeographical distributions
Figure 1. Phylogenetic hypothesis of stem group eucardiids, from Schneider (1998a). The representatives of the ingroup in the present study (Schedocardia, Hedecardium, Orthocardium, Loxocardium, Sawkinsia and Plagiocardium) formed a paraphyletic group.
Figure 3. Likelihood trees generated from the X in Forest monkeys and Pleistocene refugia: a phylogeographic window onto the disjunct distribution of the Chlorocebus lhoesti species group
Figure 3. Likelihood trees generated from the X- and Y-chromosomal datasets. Bootstrap values of 50 and above (100 replicates, 'fast' stepwise addition) are included throughout the trees. The dashed ovals indicate the consistent recovery of a lhoesti group monophyly. One Chlorocebus solatus sample (CS026) is derived from a female (XX), and therefore is not represented in the Y-chromosomal tree.
Figure 1 in Forest monkeys and Pleistocene refugia: a phylogeographic window onto the disjunct distribution of the Chlorocebus lhoesti species group
Figure 1. Present ranges of the lhoesti group relative to two putative Pleistocene refugia and the Congo River Basin. Species distributions follow Kingdon (1997), and refuges follow Grubb (2001). Harrison (1988) hypothesized that the evolutionary dispersal of the lhoesti group followed an eastward path around the Congo Basin, along either its northern or southern rim. In contrast, Kaplin (2002) suggested that the lhoesti group ancestor may have spread through the basin, with its present distribution being the result of a vicariant event.
Phylotranscriptomics reveal the complex evolutionary and biogeographic history of the genus Tsuga with an East Asian-North American disjunct distribution
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Data from: Genetic and phenotypic differentiation in a Neotropical passerine with a disjunct distribution in the Andean and Atlantic forests (Thamnophilus ruficapillus)
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Dynamics behind disjunct distribution, hotspot-edge refugia, and discordant RADseq/mtDNA variability: insights from the Emei mustache toad
<p>Background: The distribution of genetic diversity and the underlying processes are important for conservation planning but are unknown for most species and have not been well studied in many regions. In East Asia, the Sichuan Basin and surrounding mountains constitute an understudied region that exhibits a "ring" of high species richness overlapping the eastern edge of the global biodiversity hotspot Mountains of Southwest China. We examine the distributional history and genetic diversification of the Emei mustache toad <em>Leptobrachium boringii</em> , a typical "ring" element characterized by disjunct ranges in the mountains, by integrating time-calibrated gene tree, genetic variability, individual-level clustering, inference of population splitting and mixing from allele frequencies, and paleoclimatic suitability modeling.</p> <p>Results: The results reveal extensive range dynamics, including secondary contact after long-term isolation via westward dispersal accompanied by variability loss. They allow the proposal of a model that combines recurrent contractions caused by Quaternary climatic changes and some failed expansions under suitable conditions for explaining the shared disjunct distribution pattern. Providing exceptional low-elevation habitats in the hotspot area, the eastern edge harbors both long-term refugial and young immigrant populations. This finding and a synthesis of evidence from other taxa demonstrate that a certain contributor to biodiversity, one that preserves and receives low-elevation elements of the east in this case, can be significant for only a particular part of a hotspot. By clarifying the low variability of these refugial populations, we show that discordant mitochondrial estimates of diversity can be obtained for populations that experienced admixture, which would have unlikely left proportional immigrant alleles for each locus.</p> <p>Conclusions: Dispersal after long-term isolation can explain much of the spatial distribution of genetic diversity in this species, while secondary contact and long-term persistence do not guarantee a large variation. The model for the formation of disjunct ranges may apply to many other taxa isolated in the mountains surrounding the Sichuan Basin. Furthermore, this study provides insights into the heterogeneous nature of hotspots and discordant variability obtained from genome-wide and mitochondrial data.</p>
Ice-age persistence and genetic isolation of the disjunct distribution of larch in Alaska
<p class="CxSpFirst"><i>Larix laricina</i> (eastern larch, tamarack) is a transcontinental North American conifer with a prominent disjunction in the Yukon isolating the Alaskan distribution from the rest of its range. We investigate whether <i>in situ</i> persistence during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) or long-distance postglacial migration from south of the ice sheets resulted in the modern-day Alaskan distribution. We analyzed variation in three chloroplast DNA regions of 840 trees from a total of 69 populations (24 new sampling sites situated on both sides of the Yukon range disjunction pooled with 45 populations from a published source) and conducted ensemble species distribution modeling (SDM) throughout Canada and USA to hindcast the potential range of <i>Larix laricina</i> during the LGM. We uncovered the genetic signature of a long-term isolation of larch populations in Alaska, identifying three endemic chlorotypes and low levels of genetic diversity. Range-wide analysis across North America revealed the presence of a distinct Alaskan lineage. Postglacial gene flow across the Yukon divide was unidirectional, from Alaska toward previously glaciated Canadian regions, and with no evidence of immigration into Alaska. Hindcast SDM indicates one of broadest areas of past climate suitability for <i>Larix laricina</i> existed in central Alaska, suggesting possible <i>in situ</i> persistence of larch in Alaska during the LGM. Our results provide the first unambiguous evidence for the long-term isolation of <i>Larix laricina</i> in Alaska that extends beyond the last glacial period and into the present interglacial period. The lack of gene flow into Alaska along with the overall probability of larch occurrence in Alaska being currently lower than during the LGM, suggest that modern-day Alaskan larch populations are isolated climate relicts of broader glacial distributions, and so are particularly vulnerable to current warming trends.</p>
Distribution. Restricted to three disjunct populations in SE Senegal, N Guinea, and SW Mali, and perhaps E Guinea-Bissau; N Cameroon, SW Chad, and maybe E & C Nigeria; and Central African Republic, SE Chad, SW Sudan, and maybe NE DR Congo and NW Uganda. in Bovidae
Distribution. Restricted to three disjunct populations in SE Senegal, N Guinea, and SW Mali, and perhaps E Guinea-Bissau; N Cameroon, SW Chad, and maybe E & C Nigeria; and Central African Republic, SE Chad, SW Sudan, and maybe NE DR Congo and NW Uganda.
Distribution. Two disjunct areas across the lowland rainforest belt of W Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo & Benin) and C Africa through the Congo Basin (Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Central African Republic & extreme SW Sudan), and five very small disjunct populations in mountainous areas in C Kenya. in Bovidae
Distribution. Two disjunct areas across the lowland rainforest belt of W Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo & Benin) and C Africa through the Congo Basin (Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Central African Republic & extreme SW Sudan), and five very small disjunct populations in mountainous areas in C Kenya.
Distribution. Malayan Tapirs occur in two disjunct and isolated populations, one on mainland SE Asia in peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, and Myanmar, and the other in the S & C Sumatra, in Indonesia. in Tapiridae
Distribution. Malayan Tapirs occur in two disjunct and isolated populations, one on mainland SE Asia in peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, and Myanmar, and the other in the S & C Sumatra, in Indonesia.
Distribution. Disjunct distribution on much of sub-Saharan Africa, but predominantly in C Africa (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo) and E Africa (Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania), also in scattered localities in W Africa (Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria) and S Africa (Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique). in Miniopteridae
Distribution. Disjunct distribution on much of sub-Saharan Africa, but predominantly in C Africa (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo) and E Africa (Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania), also in scattered localities in W Africa (Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria) and S Africa (Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique).
Distribution. Endemic to Chile, with a disjunct distribution in the forests of Chiloé Island, and on the mainland coastal mountains in Nahuelbuta National Park. Evidence of a new population was foud recently at Punta Chan Chan, N of Valdivia. in Canidae
Distribution. Endemic to Chile, with a disjunct distribution in the forests of Chiloé Island, and on the mainland coastal mountains in Nahuelbuta National Park. Evidence of a new population was foud recently at Punta Chan Chan, N of Valdivia.
Distribution. SE California, Arizona, S Colorado, New Mexico, and perhaps S Utah and W Texas; distributional limits in NC Mexico are uncertain, considering it has been recorded only in several localities in Chihuahua and a disjunct site near Texcoco, in the Distrito Federal. in Vespertilionidae
Distribution. SE California, Arizona, S Colorado, New Mexico, and perhaps S Utah and W Texas; distributional limits in NC Mexico are uncertain, considering it has been recorded only in several localities in Chihuahua and a disjunct site near Texcoco, in the Distrito Federal.
Distribution. Disjunct distribution in WC Mexico (Jalisco and Marias Is) and S Mexico (Veracruz E to Yucatan Peninsula) S to Guatemala, Belize, and N Honduras; also known from El Salvador, N Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. in Vespertilionidae
Distribution. Disjunct distribution in WC Mexico (Jalisco and Marias Is) and S Mexico (Veracruz E to Yucatan Peninsula) S to Guatemala, Belize, and N Honduras; also known from El Salvador, N Nicaragua, and Costa Rica.
Distribution. Widespread but disjunct in E & S Africa: Ethiopia, South Sudan, Uganda, and Kenya; C Angola, extreme S DR Congo, and Zambia S to S South Africa. in Vespertilionidae
Distribution. Widespread but disjunct in E & S Africa: Ethiopia, South Sudan, Uganda, and Kenya; C Angola, extreme S DR Congo, and Zambia S to S South Africa.
Distribution. Disjunct distribution, from C Ethiopia S through parts of Kenya and Tanzania to S Zambia to Lesotho and E South Africa. in Vespertilionidae
Distribution. Disjunct distribution, from C Ethiopia S through parts of Kenya and Tanzania to S Zambia to Lesotho and E South Africa.
Distribution. Disjunct populations in W & S Colombia, E Venezuela, the Guianas, NE & C Peru, N, SE & S Brazil (Para, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, and Rio Grande do Sul), and NE Argentina (Misiones and Corrientes). in Molossidae
Distribution. Disjunct populations in W & S Colombia, E Venezuela, the Guianas, NE & C Peru, N, SE & S Brazil (Para, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, and Rio Grande do Sul), and NE Argentina (Misiones and Corrientes).
Distribution. Disjunct in E Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, NW Venezuela, and Ecuador that is separate from CW Brazil, N Paraguay, E Argentina, and Uruguay; is potentially present in E Bolivia. in Molossidae
Distribution. Disjunct in E Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, NW Venezuela, and Ecuador that is separate from CW Brazil, N Paraguay, E Argentina, and Uruguay; is potentially present in E Bolivia.
Distribution. Found only in Australia, with known populations in disjunct areas of N Westem Australia, N Northern Territory, and NE Queensland; also on a number of offshore including Koolan, Milingimbi, Elcho, Groote Eylandt, and Pellew. in Megadermatidae
Distribution. Found only in Australia, with known populations in disjunct areas of N Westem Australia, N Northern Territory, and NE Queensland; also on a number of offshore including Koolan, Milingimbi, Elcho, Groote Eylandt, and Pellew.
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