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Fig. 1. A in Youngest record of the extinct walrus Ontocetus emmonsi from the Early Pleistocene of South Carolina and a review of North Atlantic walrus biochronology

Fig. 1. A. Map showing the location of South Carolina and Austin Sand Pit near Ridgeville in Dorchester County (asterisked). B. Generalized stratigraphic column of the Austin Sand Pit with biostratigraphically significant vertebrate fossils from the?Waccamaw Formation (C, D). Colors approximate sediments exposed in the Austin Sand Pit.

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Fig. 3 in Youngest record of the extinct walrus Ontocetus emmonsi from the Early Pleistocene of South Carolina and a review of North Atlantic walrus biochronology

Fig. 3. Scatterplot of ratio of proximal transverse width/anteroposterior length versus radius of the arc of curvature for tusks of Odobenus and Ontocetus, including CCNHM 1144. Original plot modified from Kohno and Ray (2008: fig. 27).

Fig. 9 in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 9. Distribution of living triakid genera (areas) and their fossil relatives (geometric symbols) compiled from the literature. The number of symbols (plotting the fossil evidence) is intentionally reduced for western Europe and southeastern USA. Living Mustelus is circumglobal in all temperate and tropical seas and is not figured on the map.

Fig. 1. A in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 1. A. Location of the Prémontré Abbey (Aisne, northern France). B. Simplified stratigraphic column of Prémontré with fossiliferous (2–3) and non−fossiliferous (4–12) levels (from Dégrémont et al. 1985: 12).

Fig. 5. Triakid shark Gomphogaleus rodgersi Case, 1994 in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 5. Triakid shark Gomphogaleus rodgersi Case, 1994. Prémontré Abbey, late Ypresian. A. UM−PRE 16, anterior tooth, labial face (A1), profile view (A2), and lingual face (A3). B. UM−PRE 17, holotype, antero−lateral tooth, labial face (B1), apical view (B2), and lingual face (B3).

Fig. 7 in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 7. Triakid shark Pachygaleus lefevrei (Daimeries, 1891). Prémontré Abbey, late Ypresian. A. UM−PRE 19, anterior tooth, labial face. B. UM−PRE 20, antero−lateral tooth, labial face. C. UM−PRE 21, lateral tooth, labial (C1) and lingual (C2) faces.

Fig. 8 in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 8. Fossil record of triakid genera plotted against simplified phylogenetic relationships of extant Triakidae (from Lopez et al. 2006 in part). See text and Appendix 2 for discussion and details.

Fig. 6. Triakid shark Mustelus aff. M. vanderhoefti Herman, 1982 in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 6. Triakid shark Mustelus aff. M. vanderhoefti Herman, 1982. Prémontré Abbey, late Ypresian. UM−PRE 18, lateral tooth, lingual face (A), profile view (B), occlusal face (C), and basal face (D).

Fig. 4 in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 4. Triakid shark Galeorhinus louisi sp. nov. Prémontré Abbey, late Ypresian. A. UM−PRE 11, holotype, antero−lateral tooth, labial face (A1), apical view (A2), and lingual face (A3). B. UM−PRE 12, antero−lateral tooth, labial face (B1), profile view (B2), and lingual face (B3). C. UM−PRE 13, lateral tooth, labial (C1) and lingual (C2) faces. D. UM−PRE 14, lateral tooth, labial (D1) and lingual (D2) faces. E. UM−PRE 15, more lateral tooth, labial (E1) and lingual (E2) faces.

Fig. 3 in New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Prémontré, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

Fig. 3. Triakid shark Galeorhinus ypresiensis (Casier, 1946). Forest−lez−Bruxelles, Belgique. A. UM−FLB 1, anterior tooth, lingual face. B. UM−FLB 2, anterior tooth, labial (B1) and lingual (B2) faces. C. UM−FLB 3, anterior tooth, labial (C1) and lingual (C2) faces.

Fig. 4 in The early fossil record of dinosaurs in North America: A new neotheropod from the base of the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Texas

Fig. 4. Partial left maxilla of an archosaur (TMM 41936-1.1), Otis Chalk area, Dockum Group, Late Triassic, found with and possibly referable to neotheropod Lepidus praecisio gen. et sp. nov., in lateral (A), ventral (B), and medial (C) views, arrows indicate anterior direction. D. A replacement tooth in labial view within the fourth alveolus in anterolateral view (D 2), close up (D ).

Fig. 3 in The early fossil record of dinosaurs in North America: A new neotheropod from the base of the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Texas

Fig. 3. The referred left femur of neotheropod Lepidus praecisio gen. et sp. nov., Otis Chalk area, Dockum Group, Late Triassic (TMM 41936-1.3) in anterior (A) and posterior (B) views and the bone tissues of the femur (D) through the entire cortex on the anterolateral side (C) and the middle and outer cortex on the posterolateral side (D). Arrows indicate the direction of the external surface of the femur.

Fig. 5 in The early fossil record of dinosaurs in North America: A new neotheropod from the base of the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Texas

Fig. 5. Phylogenetic relationships of early theropod dinosaurs recovered here highlighting the phylogenetic position of Lepidus praecisio gen. et sp. nov. with the holotype only (A), simplified strict consensus of six MPTs, TL = 1058, CI = 0.5311, RI = 0.8250) or with all of the hypothesized material (B), simplified strict consensus of 18 MPTs, TL = 1061, CI = 0.5383, RI = 0.8303). The original taxon list and relationships outside of Dinosauria and within Ornithischia are exactly the same as that of Nesbitt et al. (2009b).

Fig. 1 in The early fossil record of dinosaurs in North America: A new neotheropod from the base of the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Texas

Fig. 1. Map of the type locality of Lepidus praecisio gen. et sp. nov. near Signal Peak, southeast of Big Spring, Texas. The dotted circle is the approximate area that holotype came from and its relationship to the famous Otis Chalk localities.

Fig. 2 in The early fossil record of dinosaurs in North America: A new neotheropod from the base of the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Texas

Fig. 2. Comparisons of almost naturally articulated ankle complexes of neotheropods. A. Lepidus praecisio gen. et sp. nov., Otis Chalk area, Dockum Group, Late Triassic (TMM 41936-1.3). B. Camposaurus arizonensis Hunt, Lucas, Heckert, Sullivan, and Lockley, 1998, Placerias Quarry, Chinle Formation, Late Triassic UCMP 34498), reversed. C. Coelophysis bauri Cope, 1887, Coelophysis Quarry, Chinle Formation, Late Triassic (AMNH FARB 30615). D. Zupaysaurus rougieri Arcucci and Coria, 2003, Colorados Formation, Late Triassic (PULR 076), reversed. Left (A, C) and right (B, D) tibia, fibula, and astragalocalcaneum in anterior (A 1–D1), medial (A2–D2), posterior (A3–D3), lateral (A4–D4), and ventral (A5–D5) views, arrows indicate anterior direction.

Fig. 7 in The fossil record of early tetrapods: Worker effort and the end-Permian mass extinction

Fig. 7. Species discovery curves for several groups of fossil organisms show substantial differences in form. All discovery curves are shown as percentages, even though final totals, in 2003, are very different: trilobites (n = 4126), early tetrapods (n = 515), dinosaurs (n = 694), fossil birds (n = 221), and fossil mammals of North America (n = 3340). The horizontal line marks the "half life" of the discovery curve, the date by which half the currently valid taxa had accumulated. Data from these sources: trilobites (Tarver et al. 2007), dinosaurs (Benton 2008), fossil birds (Fountaine et al. 2008), fossil mammals (Alroy 2002).

Fig. 2 in The fossil record of early tetrapods: Worker effort and the end-Permian mass extinction

Fig. 2. Perceptions of early tetrapod diversity at three points in research time, 1900, 1950, and 2000. Total numbers of valid species are indicated per series; the 1900 data distribution differs significantly from those for 1950 and 2000, but the 1950 and 2000 distributions do not differ significantly (see text).

Fig. 1 in The fossil record of early tetrapods: Worker effort and the end-Permian mass extinction

Fig. 1. Discovery curve of valid early tetrapod species (i.e., tetrapods, excluding Lissamphibia and Amniota), plotted against publication year. Species determined as synonymous or dubious in recent revisions are excluded. The curves show proportions through time, rising to 100% of current knowledge, for all early tetrapods (n = 528) and two major sub−divisions, temnospondyls (n = 368), and lepospondyls (n = 85).

Fig. 6 in The fossil record of early tetrapods: Worker effort and the end-Permian mass extinction

Fig. 6. Cumulative discovery curve of species of early tetrapods showing the relative completeness for each of the eight stratigraphic series, divided into two panels, from Upper Devonian to Middle Permian (A), and Upper Permian to Upper Triassic (B), plotted against decades in research time. The horizontal line marks the "half life" of the discovery curve, the date by which half the currently valid taxa had accumulated. Numbers of taxa per series are: Upper Devonian (17), Lower Carboniferous (25), Upper Carboniferous (108), Lower Permian (125), Middle Permian (36), Upper Permian (20), Lower Triassic (100), Middle Triassic (46), Upper Triassic (5), Jurassic (5), Cretaceous (1).

Fig. 4 in The fossil record of early tetrapods: Worker effort and the end-Permian mass extinction

Fig. 4. Cumulative discovery curves of species of early tetrapods showing the relative completeness for each of the nine major geographic regions: North America, Europe, and Africa (A), South America, Greenland, and Australia (B), Asia, India, and Russia (C), plotted against decades in research time. The horizontal line marks the "half life" of the discovery curve, the date by which half the currently valid taxa had accumulated. Total numbers of taxa are given for each continent.