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304 results for “eucalyptus”
Decomposition and nutrient dynamics of stumps and coarse roots of Eucalyptus plantations in southern China
<p>This study aimed to (1) quantify the stocks of biomass and nutrients from <em>Eucalyptus</em> stumps and coarse roots along a chrono-sequence of 0–6-year-old clear-cutting stands and (2) estimate the loss rate of biomass and nutrients, as well as the nutrient dynamics of stumps and coarse roots, to elucidate (1) if the biomass of coarse roots is higher than that of stumps and (2) if there is faster decomposition and nutrient loss rate from stumps from than coarse roots. <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> Stumps and coarse roots serve as significant nutrients stocks that decay at varying rates. The loss of nutrients must be considered while analyzing the decomposition dynamics following clear-cutting in <em>Eucalyptus</em> plantations.</p> <p>This dataset is related to a research paper submitted to Annals of Forest Science.</p>
Données sur Eucalyptus-Burundi
<p>Données recueillies pour montrer l'importance de l'Eucalyptus au Burundi malgré les critiques dues à ses impacts négatifs sur l'environnement. Les données ont été recueillies auprès des ONG de reboisement et au niveaux des sites de vente du bois et produits délivés au niveau de la ville de Bujumbura</p>
Dataset: Limited seed dispersal, allelopathy and unfavorable microclimatic conditions prevent the recovery of oak forests within Eucalyptus plantations
<p>This repository contains the files associated with the following article:</p> <p>Ernesto I. Badano, Pablo Siller-Clavel. Limited seed dispersal, allelopathy and unfavorable microclimatic conditions prevent the recovery of oak forests within <em>Eucalyptus</em> plantations. Published in <em>European Journal of Forest Research</em>.</p> <p>The repository provides an interactive map, optimized for Google Earth, that shows the administrative area of the Park Lázaro Cárdenas del Rio located in the state of Puebla, Mexico (yellow polygon) and the areas covered by plantations of <em>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</em> (red polygons) by the years in which the study was conducted (2009-2011). The areas that are not highlighted within the park correspond to oak forest remnants and some deforested areas. The interactive map also provides the geographic coordinates of the 100 square plots of 1x1 m used to sample the oak seed banks within forest remnants and plantations in 2009 and 2010, as well as the geographic coordinates of the 200 experimental plots located in each of these habitat types. To display this information, click on the corresponding the boxes located in the lateral bar of Google Earth.</p> <p>The data that support the result of the study are provided in Microsoft Excel files. The first of these files (Dataset 01 - Acorn density.xlsx) has a single sheet indicating the number of acorns recorded on 100 square plots of 1x1 m randomly distributed in the understories of forest remnants and plantations. The second file (Dataset 02 - Acorn germination trials.xlsx) has two sheets with the data used to estimate acorn germination rates of <em>Quercus castanea</em> and <em>Quercus laeta</em> in the <em>in vitro</em> and greenhouse germination trials. The third file (Dataset 03 - Field experiment.xlsx) has two sheets, where the first one contains the data used to estimate acorn germination rates and seedling survival of <em>Quercus castanea</em> and <em>Quercus laeta</em> on soil of <em>Eucalyptus</em> plantations and oak forests in these two habitats, and the second one contains the microclimatic data (photosynthetic photon flux density, air temperature, rainfall and volumetric soil water content) measured in plantations and forests.</p>
Topical Eucalyptus Globulus and Mentha x Piperita on Muscle Soreness in Older Adults and the Elderly
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04866407. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 12.
Data from: Enhanced correlations of EST-SSR based genetic distance with hybrid performance, specific hybridizing ability and heterosis using effect-increasing and effect-decreasing alleles: a case study in Eucalyptus L'Hér
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DaRT-seq raw data of Eucalyptus spp for the genetic assessment of the value of restoration planting within an endangered eucalypt woodland
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Thermal limitations to the biological control of Gonipterus sp. n. 2 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in South African Eucalyptus plantations
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Mesophyll photosynthetic sensitivity to leaf water potential in Eucalyptus: A new dimension of plant adaptation to native moisture supply
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Data from: Divergent lineages in a semi-arid mallee species, Eucalyptus behriana, correspond to a major geographic break in south-eastern Australia
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Stand age rather than soil moisture gradient dominantly regulates the compromise between plant growth and water use of Eucalyptus urophylla in hilly South China
<p>These files contain the clinate data, the morphology characteristics, soil water content and tree normalized transpiration collected in our studied site.</p>
Genomic evidence of introgression and adaptation in a model subtropical tree species, Eucalyptus grandis
<p>The genetic consequences of adaptation to changing environments can be deciphered using landscape genomics, which may help predict species' responses to global climate change. Towards this, we used genome-wide SNP marker analysis to determine population structure and patterns of genetic differentiation in terms of neutral and adaptive genetic variation in the natural range of Eucalyptus grandis, a widely cultivated subtropical and temperate species, serving as genomic reference for the genus. We analysed introgression patterns at subchromosomal resolution using a modified ancestry mapping approach and identified provenances with extensive interspecific introgression, suggesting early hybrid speciation in response to increased aridity. Furthermore, we describe potentially adaptive genetic variation as explained by environment-associated SNP markers, which also led to the discovery of a large structural variant. Finally, we show that genes linked to these markers are enriched for biotic and abiotic stress responses.</p>
Data from: Paternity analysis reveals wide pollen dispersal and high multiple paternity in a small isolated population of the bird-pollinated Eucalyptus caesia (Myrtaceae)
Optimal foraging behaviour by nectavores is expected to result in a leptokurtic pollen dispersal distribution and predominantly near-neighbour mating. However, complex social interactions among nectarivorous birds may result in different mating patterns to those typically observed in insect-pollinated plants. Mating system, realised pollen dispersal and spatial genetic structure were examined in the bird-pollinated Eucalyptus caesia, a species characterised by small, geographically disjunct populations. Nine microsatellite markers were used to genotype an entire adult stand and 181 seeds from 28 capsules collected from 6 trees. Mating system analysis using MLTR revealed moderate to high outcrossing (tm=0.479–0.806) and low estimates of correlated paternity (rp=0.136±s.e. 0.048). Paternity analysis revealed high outcrossing rates (mean=0.72) and high multiple paternity, with 64 different sires identified for 181 seeds. There was a significant negative relationship between the frequency of outcross mating and distance between mating pairs. Realised mating events were more frequent than expected with random mating for plants <40 m apart. The overall distribution of pollen dispersal distances was platykurtic. Despite extensive pollen dispersal within the stand, three genetic clusters were detected by STRUCTURE analysis. These genetic clusters were strongly differentiated yet geographically interspersed, hypothesised to be a consequence of rare recruitment events coupled with extreme longevity. We suggest that extensive polyandry and pollen dispersal is a consequence of pollination by highly mobile honeyeaters and may buffer E. caesia against the loss of genetic diversity predicted for small and genetically isolated populations.
Data from: Efficiency of genomic prediction across two Eucalyptus nitens seed orchards with different selection histories
Genomic selection is expected to enhance the genetic improvement of forest tree species by providing more accurate estimates of breeding values through marker-based relationship matrices compared with pedigree-based methodologies. When adequately robust genomic prediction models are available, an additional increase in genetic gains can be made possible with the shortening of the breeding cycle through elimination of the progeny testing phase and early selection of parental candidates. The potential of genomic selection was investigated in an advanced Eucalyptus nitens breeding population focused on improvement for solid wood production. A high-density SNP chip (EUChip60K) was used to genotype 691 individuals in the breeding population, which represented two seed orchards with different selection histories. Phenotypic records for growth and form traits at age six, and for wood quality traits at age seven were available to build genomic prediction models using GBLUP which were compared to the traditional pedigree-based alternative using BLUP. GBLUP demonstrated that breeding value accuracy would be improved and substantial increases in genetic gains towards solid wood production would be achieved. Cross-validation within and across two different seed orchards indicated that genomic predictions would likely benefit in terms of higher predictive accuracy from increasing the size of the training data sets through higher relatedness and better utilization of LD
Data from: Exploration of genetic architecture through sib-ship reconstruction in advanced breeding population of Eucalyptus nitens
Accurate inference of relatedness between individuals in breeding population contributes to the precision of genetic parameter estimates, effectiveness of inbreeding management and the amount of genetic progress delivered from breeding programs. Pedigree reconstruction has been proven to be an efficient tool to correct pedigree errors and recover hidden relatedness in open pollinated progeny tests but the method can be limited by the lack of parental genotypes and the high proportion of alien pollen from outside the breeding population. Our study investigates the efficiency of sib-ship reconstruction in an advanced breeding population of Eucalyptus nitens with only partially tracked pedigree. The sib-ship reconstruction allowed the identification of selfs (4% of the sample) and the exploration of their potential effect on inbreeding depression in the traits studied. We detected signs of inbreeding depression in diameter at breast height and growth strain while no indications were observed in wood density, wood stiffness and tangential air-dry shrinkage. After the application of a corrected sib-ship relationship matrix, additive genetic variance and heritability were observed to increase where signs of inbreeding depression were initially detected. Conversely, the same genetic parameters for traits that appeared to be free of inbreeding depression decreased in size. It therefore appeared that greater genetic variance may be due, at least in part, to contributions from inbreeding in these studied populations rather than a removal of inbreeding as is traditionally thought.
Data from: Evidence of genomic adaptation to climate in Eucalyptus microcarpa: implications for adaptive potential to projected climate change
Understanding whether populations can adapt in situ or whether interventions are required is of key importance for biodiversity management under climate change. Landscape genomics is becoming an increasingly important and powerful tool for rapid assessments of climate adaptation, especially in long-lived species such as trees. We investigated climate adaptation in Eucalyptus microcarpa using the DArTseq genomic approach. A combination of FST outlier and environmental association analyses were performed using > 4,200 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 26 populations spanning climate gradients in south-eastern Australia. Eighty-one SNPs were identified as putatively adaptive, based on significance in FST outlier tests and significant associations with one or more climate variables related to temperature (70 / 81), aridity (37 / 81) or precipitation (35 / 81). Adaptive SNPs were located on all 11 chromosomes, with no particular region associated with individual climate variables. Climate adaptation appeared to be characterized by subtle shifts in allele frequencies, with no consistent fixed differences identified. Based on these associations, we predict adaptation under projected changes in climate will include a suite of shifts in allele frequencies. Whether this can occur sufficiently rapidly through natural selection within populations, or would benefit from assisted gene migration, requires further evaluation. In some populations, the absence, or predicted increases to near fixation of particular adaptive alleles hint at potential limits to adaptive capacity. Together, these results reinforce the importance of standing genetic variation at the geographical level for maintaining species' evolutionary potential.
Data from: Assessing the expected response to genomic selection of individuals and families in Eucalyptus breeding with an additive-dominant model
We report a genomic selection (GS) study of growth and wood quality traits in an outbred F2 hybrid Eucalyptus population (n=768) using high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping. Going beyond previous reports in forest trees, models were developed for different selection targets, namely, families, individuals within families and individuals across the entire population using a genomic model including dominance. To provide a more breeder-intelligible assessment of the performance of GS we calculated the expected response as the percentage gain over the population average expected genetic value (EGV) for different proportions of genomically selected individuals, using a rigorous cross-validation (CV) scheme that removed relatedness between training and validation sets. Predictive abilities (PAs) were 0.40–0.57 for individual selection and 0.56–0.75 for family selection. PAs under an additive+dominance model improved predictions by 5 to 14% for growth depending on the selection target, but no improvement was seen for wood traits. The good performance of GS with no relatedness in CV suggested that our average SNP density (~25 kb) captured some short-range linkage disequilibrium. Truncation GS successfully selected individuals with an average EGV significantly higher than the population average. Response to GS on a per year basis was ~100% more efficient than by phenotypic selection and more so with higher selection intensities. These results contribute further experimental data supporting the positive prospects of GS in forest trees. Because generation times are long, traits are complex and costs of DNA genotyping are plummeting, genomic prediction has good perspectives of adoption in tree breeding practice.
Data from: Landscape genomics reveals altered genome wide diversity within revegetated stands of Eucalyptus microcarpa (Grey Box)
In order to contribute to evolutionary resilience and adaptive potential in highly modified landscapes, revegetated areas should ideally reflect levels of genetic diversity within and across natural stands. Landscape genomic analyses enable such diversity patterns to be characterized at genome and chromosomal levels. Landscape-wide patterns of genomic diversity were assessed in Eucalyptus microcarpa, a dominant tree species widely used in revegetation in Southeastern Australia. Trees from small and large patches within large remnants, small isolated remnants and revegetation sites were assessed across the now highly fragmented distribution of this species using the DArTseq genomic approach. Genomic diversity was similar within all three types of remnant patches analysed, although often significantly but only slightly lower in revegetation sites compared with natural remnants. Differences in diversity between stand types varied across chromosomes. Genomic differentiation was higher between small, isolated remnants, and among revegetated sites compared with natural stands. We conclude that small remnants and revegetated sites of our E. microcarpa samples largely but not completely capture patterns in genomic diversity across the landscape. Genomic approaches provide a powerful tool for assessing restoration efforts across the landscape.
Data from: Ion Torrent PGM as tool for fungal community analysis: a case study of endophytes in Eucalyptus grandis reveals high taxonomic diversity
The Kingdom Fungi adds substantially to the diversity of life, but due to their cryptic morphology and lifestyle, tremendous diversity, paucity of formally described specimens, and the difficulty in isolating environmental strains into culture, fungal communities are difficult to characterize. This is especially true for endophytic communities of fungi living in healthy plant tissue. The developments in next generation sequencing technologies are, however, starting to reveal the true extent of fungal diversity. One of the promising new technologies, namely semiconductor sequencing, has thus far not been used in fungal diversity assessments. In this study we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) nuclear encoded ribosomal RNA of the endophytic community of the economically important tree, Eucalyptus grandis, from South Africa using the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM). We determined the impact of various analysis parameters on the interpretation of the results, namely different sequence quality parameter settings, different sequence similarity cutoffs for clustering and filtering of databases for removal of sequences with insufficient taxonomy. Sequence similarity cutoff values only had a marginal effect on the identified family numbers, whereas different sequence quality filters had a large effect (89 vs. 48 families between least and most stringent filters). Database filtering had a small, but statistically significant, effect on the assignment of sequences to reference sequences. The community was dominated by Ascomycota, and particularly by families in the Dothidiomycetes that harbor well-known plant pathogens. The study demonstrates that semiconductor sequencing is an ideal strategy for environmental sequencing of fungal communities. It also highlights some potential pitfalls in subsequent data analyses when using a technology with relatively short read lengths.
FIGURE 2. Spinapecta alieniphaga gen. n in A new genus and species of katydids of the tribe Polyancistrini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae) from Brazil, an apparent pest of Eucalyptus plantations
FIGURE 2. Spinapecta alieniphaga gen. n. et sp. n.: (A) female tegmina; (B) male tegmina; (C) female subgenital plate; (D) female meso and metasternum; (E) Polyancistrus abbotti Rehn, male, lateral view.
FIGURE 1. Spinapecta alieniphaga gen. n in A new genus and species of katydids of the tribe Polyancistrini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae) from Brazil, an apparent pest of Eucalyptus plantations
FIGURE 1. Spinapecta alieniphaga gen. n. et sp. n.: (A) male, lateral view; (B) male pronotum, dorsal; (C) ovipositor; (D) male cerci and tenth tergite, dorsal; (E) male subgenital plate and tenth tergite.
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