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55 results for “eye morphology”
Data from: Contrasting trajectories of morphological diversification on continents and islands in the Afrotropical white-eye radiation
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Data from: Evolution of eye morphology and rhodopsin expression in the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup
A striking diversity of compound eye size and shape has evolved among insects. The number of ommatidia and their size are major determinants of the visual sensitivity and acuity of the compound eye. Each ommatidium is composed of eight photoreceptor cells that facilitate the discrimination of different colours via the expression of various light sensitive Rhodopsin proteins. It follows that variation in eye size, shape, and opsin composition is likely to directly influence vision. We analyzed variation in these three traits in D. melanogaster, D. simulans and D. mauritiana. We show that D. mauritiana generally has larger eyes than its sibling species, which is due to a combination of larger ommatidia and more ommatidia. In addition, intra- and inter-specific differences in eye size among D. simulans and D. melanogaster strains are mainly caused by variation in ommatidia number. By applying a geometric morphometrics approach to assess whether the formation of larger eyes influences other parts of the head capsule, we found that an increase in eye size is associated with a reduction in the adjacent face cuticle. Our shape analysis also demonstrates that D. mauritiana eyes are specifically enlarged in the dorsal region. Intriguingly, this dorsal enlargement is associated with enhanced expression of rhodopsin 3 in D. mauritiana. In summary, our data suggests that the morphology and functional properties of the compound eyes vary considerably within and among these closely related Drosophila species and may be part of coordinated morphological changes affecting the head capsule.
Data from: The hawk-eyed songbird: retinal morphology, eye shape, and visual fields of an aerial insectivore
Swallows are a unique group of songbirds because they are active-pursuit predators that execute all aspects of hunting prey in flight: search, detection, pursuit, and capture. We show that swallows have evolved a visual system that is unlike that of any other studied songbird. Swallows have a bifoveate retina that provides sharp lateral and frontal vision, an unusually long eye that enhances spatial resolution, a large posterior blind area, and a narrow binocular field. We also show that swallows and diurnal raptors (hawks and falcons) have converged on a similar visual configuration but that, interestingly, predatory songbirds that ambush prey (flycatchers) have not converged on the same suite of traits. Despite the commonly held belief that predators rely on binocular vision, the temporal (frontally projecting) fovea present in swallows—but not present in other songbirds—is likely not involved in binocular vision. Instead, swallows have four nonoverlapping foveae in a 100° arc around the beak, which can improve the tracking of frontally located aerial prey that are engaging in evasive maneuvers. Overall, vision in pursuit predators reflects the complex sensory demands of hunting in the air at high speeds and emphasizes the importance of acute frontal vision in predators.
Figure 6 in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 6. The estimated values of light-gathering abilities from measurements in 29 Recent podocopid ostracod species plotted on E1–R1 morphospace with the calculated value of G at R2 = 0.5 and E1 = 0.5.
Data from: The hawk-eyed songbird: retinal morphology, eye shape, and visual fields of an aerial insectivore
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Data from: Evolution of eye morphology and rhodopsin expression in the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup
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Fig. 19. A. Two supralabials reaching the eye. B in Phylogenetic relationships based on morphological data and taxonomy of the genus Salvadora Baird & Girard, 1853 (Reptilia, Colubridae)
Fig. 19. A. Two supralabials reaching the eye. B. Fewer than two supralabials reaching the eye.
Data from: Quantitative trait loci for light sensitivity, body weight, body size, and morphological eye parameters in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris
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Figure 16 in With eyes wide open: a revision of species within and closely related to the Pocillopora damicornis species complex (Scleractinia; Pocilloporidae) using morphology and genetics
Figure 16. Pocillopora cf. brevicornis. A, field appearance. B, specimen collected and photographed by Hoffmeister (1925).
Figure 14. Pocillopora eydouxi. A in With eyes wide open: a revision of species within and closely related to the Pocillopora damicornis species complex (Scleractinia; Pocilloporidae) using morphology and genetics
Figure 14. Pocillopora eydouxi. A, skeleton of specimen (side view) (MTQ-G66118). B and C, scanning electron micrographs of specimen. D, in situ appearance. E, corallum of cylindrical morph (side view) (MTQ-G66119). F, illustration of holotype by Edwards & Haime (1860).
Figure 11. Pocillopora verrucosa. A in With eyes wide open: a revision of species within and closely related to the Pocillopora damicornis species complex (Scleractinia; Pocilloporidae) using morphology and genetics
Figure 11. Pocillopora verrucosa. A, in situ appearance. B, skeleton of specimen. C and D, scanning electron micrographs of specimen (photos: Paul Muir). E, corallum of elongate 'damicornis-like' morph. F, colony at reef slope at Orpheus Island. G, corallum of holotype of Pocillopora danae (photo: Vaughan, 1918). H, corallum of holotype of Pocillopora hemprichii (side view). I, corallum collected at Lizard Island (side view) (MTQ-G66144).
Figure 10. Pocillopora verrucosa. A in With eyes wide open: a revision of species within and closely related to the Pocillopora damicornis species complex (Scleractinia; Pocilloporidae) using morphology and genetics
Figure 10. Pocillopora verrucosa. A, in situ. B, skeleton of branch. C and D, scanning electron micrographs (photos: Paul Muir). E, Madrepora damicornis Esper, 1791. F, specimen identified by Ehrenberg (1834) as P. verrucosa. G, sorallum of neotype (side view). H and I, scanning electron micrographs of neotype (MTQ-G65923).
Figure 6. Pocillopora damicornis. A in With eyes wide open: a revision of species within and closely related to the Pocillopora damicornis species complex (Scleractinia; Pocilloporidae) using morphology and genetics
Figure 6. Pocillopora damicornis. A, in situ. B, skeleton of branch (side view). C and D, scanning electron micrographs (photos: Paul Muir). E, eorallum of type specimen of P. favosa Ehrenberg, 1834 (side view). F and G, elongate morphs of P. damicornis (side view; MTQ-G66090). H, first illustration of P. damicornis by Gualtieri (1742).
Figure 4 in With eyes wide open: a revision of species within and closely related to the Pocillopora damicornis species complex (Scleractinia; Pocilloporidae) using morphology and genetics
Figure 4. Fine-scale skeletal differences between genetic lineages. Left: phylogeny based on ORF region resolving in four main clades (bootstrap values over 70 are shown as grey numbers). Right: scanning electron micrographs of different species (bar on the left indicates scale). Clade 1: Pocillopora damicornis Type α (P. damicornis), P. damicornis Type β (P. acuta), P. damicornis Type δ (P. aliciae); Clade 2: P. damicornis Type γ (P. verrucosa), Pocillopora Type x, P. bairdi sp. nov.; Clade 3: P. eydouxi e, P. meandrina m; Clade 4: P. damicornis Type ε (P. cf. brevicornis) (no micrograph available).
Intravitreal Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Administration and Its Influence on Vitreomacular Interface- and Retinal Morphology in Eyes With Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03680326. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.