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FIGURE 6 in Status of the globally threatened forest birds of northeast Brazil

FIGURE 6: Synallaxis infuscata Pinto, 1950, Pinto's Spinetail, Sirinhaém, PE, November 2010 (Ciro Albano).

FIGURE 7 in Status of the globally threatened forest birds of northeast Brazil

FIGURE 7: Terenura sicki Teixeira & Gonzaga, 1983, Orange-bellied Antwren, Frei Caneca, PE, November 2012 (Alexander Lees).

FIGURE 3 in Status of the globally threatened forest birds of northeast Brazil

FIGURE 3: Patch occupancy for 13 threatened species of the PCE between 2003-2014, dark grey circles denote critically endangered (CR) species, light grey circles endangered (EN) species and white circles vulnerable (VU) species. The white triangles are used for two species – Cichlocolaptes mazarbanetti and Automolus lammi which have yet to be evaluated by the IUCN.

FIGURE 4 in Status of the globally threatened forest birds of northeast Brazil

FIGURE 4: Pauxi mitu (Linnaeus, 1766), Alagoas Curassow, Captive bird, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, June 2008 (Luís Fábio Silveira).

FIGURE 5 in Status of the globally threatened forest birds of northeast Brazil

FIGURE 5: Philydor novaesi Teixeira & Gonzaga, 1983, Alagoas Foliage-gleaner, Frei Caneca, PE, November 2007 (Ciro Albano).

FIGURE 9 in Status of the globally threatened forest birds of northeast Brazil

FIGURE 9: Phylloscartes ceciliae Teixeira, 1987, Alagoas Tyrannulet, Frei Caneca, PE, December 2007 (Ciro Albano).

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Figure 3 in Are recaptures of banded birds efficient at detecting altitudinal migrations in the Atlantic Forest?

Figure 3. Schematic illustration of the altitudinal movements recorded on the slope of Núcleo Curucutu by the recapture of individually marked birds. White lines indicate the two lines of mist-nets at each locality. Source: Google Earth Pro (Image Landsat/Copernicus 2015).

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

Fig. 1. A in Predation behaviour of the bridle snake (Lycodon cf. davisonii) on Asian tropical evergreen forest bird nests

Fig. 1. A photograph of a bridle snake (Lycodon cf. davisonii) having just consumed a bird's egg on 27 June 2019 at 2358 at the Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, north-eastern Thailand (photo by J. Goodyear).

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

Fig. 2 in Predation behaviour of the bridle snake (Lycodon cf. davisonii) on Asian tropical evergreen forest bird nests

Fig. 2. Percentage of depredated nests for eight focal species caused by the top five nest predators at the Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Thailand during the 2013–2019 breeding seasons. ABBA = Abbott's babbler, BNMO = black-naped monarch, IBFL = Indochinese blue-flycatcher, PTBA = puff-throated babbler, PTBU = puff-throated bulbul, SCBA = scaly-crowned babbler, STBU = stripe-throated bulbul, WRSH = white-rumped shama. N represents number of observed predation events for each nesting species.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

Active restoration fosters better recovery of tropical rainforest birds than natural regeneration in degraded forest fragments

<ol> <li>Ecological restoration has emerged as a key strategy for conserving tropical forests and habitat specialists, and monitoring faunal recovery using indicator taxa like birds can help assess restoration success. Few studies have examined, however, whether active restoration achieves better recovery of bird communities than natural regeneration, or how bird recovery relates to habitat affiliations of species in the community.</li> <li>In rainforests restored over the past two decades in a fragmented landscape (Western Ghats, India), we examined whether bird species richness and community composition recovery in 23 actively restored (AR) sites was significantly better than recovery in paired naturally regenerating (NR) sites, relative to 23 undisturbed benchmark (BM) rainforests. We measured 8 habitat variables and tested whether bird recovery tracked habitat recovery, whether rainforest and open-country birds showed contrasting patterns, and assessed species-level responses to restoration.</li> <li>We recorded 92 bird species in 460 point-count surveys. Rainforest bird species richness was highest in BM, intermediate in AR, and lowest in NR. Contrastingly, open-country bird species richness was least in BM, intermediate in AR, and highest in NR.</li> <li>Bird community composition varied significantly across treatment types with composition in AR in transition from NR to BM. Bird community dissimilarity between sites was positively related to dissimilarity in habitat structure and floristics, and geographic distance between sites. Variance partitioning indicated that structural and floristic dissimilarity explained 90% of the variation in community composition.</li> <li>Indicator species analysis revealed significant associations of 34 species with one or more treatment types. Species associated with BM and AR treatment types were all rainforest species, while only 38% of species associated with AR and NR treatment types were rainforest species.</li> <li> Synthesis and applications: We show that active restoration of degraded fragments benefits rainforest birds and reduces the infiltration of open-country birds, and highlight the importance of considering rainforest and open-country species separately. In human-modified tropical rainforest landscapes, active restoration of degraded fragments fosters partial recovery and complements protection of mature forests for bird conservation.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Data from: Wind turbines in managed forests partially displace common birds

Wind turbines are increasingly being installed in forests, which can lead to land use disputes between climate mitigation efforts and nature conservation. Environmental impact assessments precede the construction of wind turbines to ensure that wind turbines are installed only in managed or degraded forests that are of potentially low value for conservation. It is unknown, nevertheless, if animals deemed of minor relevance in environmental impact assessments are affected by wind turbines in managed forests. We investigated the impact of wind turbines on common forest birds, by counting birds along an impact-gradient of wind turbines in 24 temperate forests in Hesse, Germany. During 860 point counts, we counted 2,231 birds from 45 species. Bird communities were strongly related to forest structure, season and the rotor diameter of wind turbines, but were not related to wind turbine distance. For instance, bird abundance decreased in structure-poor (-38%) and monocultural (-41%) forests with wind turbines, and in young (-36%) deciduous forests with larger and more wind turbines (-24%). Overall, our findings suggest that wind turbines in managed forests partially displace common forest birds. If these birds are displaced to harsh environments, wind turbines might indirectly contribute to a decline of their populations. Yet, forest bird communities are locally more sensitive to forest quality than to wind turbine presence. To prevent further displacement of forest animals, forests of lowest quality for wildlife should be preferred in spatial planning for wind turbines, for instance small and structure-poor monocultures along highways.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Competition for acoustic space in a temperate-forest bird community

Animals that communicate by acoustic signaling share a common acoustic environment. Birds are particularly vocal examples, using a wide repertoire of songs and calls for mate attraction and territorial defense. However, interference caused by sounds that overlap in frequency and time can disrupt signal detection and reduce reproductive success. This may be particularly important in temperate regions where breeding is restricted to short seasonal windows. Here we investigated competition avoidance mechanisms used by the bird community inhabiting a primeval lowland temperate forest in Białowieża, Eastern Poland. We recorded morning soundscapes at 84 locations in early and late spring and calculated song dissimilarity indices to examine how species with greater song similarities use spatial and temporal partitioning to avoid competition for acoustic space throughout the breeding season. The bird community changed its use of acoustic space throughout the day and season. Birds did not use spatial acoustic niche partitioning when we looked at recording locations over the whole study period, but they did in a seasonal context, with species more acoustically different than expected by chance recorded at the same point on the same day. Our results also indicate that daily temporal niche partitioning may only occur at certain times before sunrise, with no evidence of large-scale temporal partitioning between species vocalizing during the same one-minute recordings in daytime. These results contribute toward our understanding of the evolution of bird communication, and highlight the strategies employed by different species to optimize their acoustic niche.

FIGURE 5 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities

FIGURE 5 | Comparison of observed and expected number of pairs of species with overlapping vocalization frequencies in each location (significance "**"α = 0.01). The null distributions were generated using 500 randomizations of species distribution across locations (keeping species richness per location unchanged).

FIGURE 4 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities

FIGURE 4 | Comparison of observed and expected number of heterospecific pairs of vocalizations with overlapping vocalization times and frequencies in each location (significance "***"α = 0.001, "**"α = 0.01). The null distributions were generated using 500 randomizations of the beginning of vocalizations (keeping number, length and spectral characteristics unchanged).

FIGURE 3 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities

FIGURE 3 | Comparison of species vocalization characteristics (A,B), the number of vocalizations per 5-min record (C), and number of species recorded per location (D) between Costa Rica (CR) and Hawai'i (HI) (P-value indicates the significance of Wilcoxon's rank sum test).

FIGURE 2 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities

FIGURE 2 | List of detected species with their vocalization ranges (left figures) and their locations of occurrence (right figures) in Costa Rica and Hawai'i. On the left figures, gray background represents potential overlapping in a given frequency, the darker the background, the higher the number of species using this frequency.

FIGURE 1 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities

FIGURE 1 | Species accumulation curves (mean of 500 iterations) for each of six recording locations in Costa Rica and Hawai'i.

publicMar 2025View details →

Intrinsic factors influence a physiological measure across a forest bird community

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publicJan 2023View details →

Simulated treatment effects on bird communities inform landscape‐scale dry conifer forest management

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