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178 results for “global biodiversity”
The global distribution of known and undiscovered ant biodiversity
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Fig. 4 in Freier Zugang zu den Informationen der Artenvielfalt - Wie werde ich Teil der Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)?
Fig. 4: Anzahl der im GBIF-Netzwerk verfügbaren Datensätze (Belege und Beobachtungen) in Millionen.
The umbrella value of caribou management strategies for biodiversity conservation in boreal forests under global change
<p><span>Single-species conservation management is often proposed to preserve biodiversity in human-disturbed landscapes. How global change will impact the umbrella value of single-species management strategies remains an open question of critical conservation importance. We assessed the effectiveness of threatened boreal caribou as an umbrella for bird and beetle conservation under global change. We combined mechanistic, spatially explicit models of forest dynamics and predator-prey interactions to forecast the impact of management strategies on the survival of boreal caribou in boreal forest. We then used predictive models of species occupancy to characterize concurrent impacts on bird and beetle diversity. Landscapes were simulated based on three scenarios of climate change and four of forest management. We found that strategies that best mitigate human impact on boreal caribou were an effective umbrella for maintaining bird and beetle assemblages. While we detected a stronger effect of land-use change compared to climate change, the umbrella value of management strategies for caribou habitat conservation were still impacted by the severity of climate change. Our results showed an interplay among changes in forest attributes, boreal caribou mortality, as well as bird and beetle species assemblages. The conservation status of some species mandates the development of recovery strategies, highlighting the importance of our study which shows that single-species conservation can have important umbrella benefits despite global change.</span></p>
Global Regionalized Characterization Factors for Phosphorus and Nitrogen Impacts on Freshwater Fish Biodiversity
<p>Overview and guidance for using the data in "CFs_freshwater_eutrophication" related to the article "Global Regionalized Characterization Factors for Phosphorus and Nitrogen Impacts on Freshwater Fish Biodiversity"</p> <p> </p> <p>See the "readme_CFs_freshwater_eutrophication.pdf" file to find the details of the enclosed data.</p> <p> </p> <p>Units</p> <ul> <li>Phosphorus from direct emissions to freshwater or diffuse sources on the soil: PDF·year/kgP</li> <li>Nitrogen from direct emissions to freshwater or diffuse sources on the soil: PDF·year/kgN</li> <li>Erosion: PDF·year/(m2·year)</li> </ul> <p>Please excuse any typos in the units in the xlsx files.</p>
Global trends and scenarios for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem services from 1900-2050. Data and Code. Project BES-SIM 1.
<p>This archive contains all scripts and data used for analysis and figures for the paper <strong>Pereira et al. (2024). Global trends and scenarios for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem services from 1900-2050. Science. </strong>The paper is the result of the BES SIM 1 project. </p>
Data, code, and material associated with the paper "Biodiversity-related science communication in times of global crises"
<p>Data, code, and material associated with the paper „Biodiversity-related science communication in times of global crises“, subm.:</p> <ul> <li>R script to run the analysis</li> <li>Data needed to reproduce the results and figures</li> <li>IPBES region data (from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928281)</li> </ul>
Resolved EXiobase (REX II) with regionalized biodiversity loss impact assessment of global mining – second version of a highly-resolved MRIO database for the year 2014
<p>This repository provides a new version of the highly-resolved global multi-regional input-output database called REX II (Resolved EXiobase) for the year 2014 with improved data quality for all mining and metals processing sectors, including a regionalized biodiversity impact assessment for all mining sectors. This regionalized impact assessment is based on the global mining area data set of Maus et al (2020). The database REX II is described in the study <em>"Hotspots of mining-related biodiversity loss in global supply chains and the potential for reduction by renewable electricity".</em></p> <p>Study: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c04003">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c04003</a></p> <p>Open-access preprint: <a href="https://doi.org/10.31223/X5T064">https://doi.org/10.31223/X5T064</a></p> <p> </p> <p>An earlier version of this database (REX I) with time series from 1995–2015 is provided under: <a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3993659">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3993659</a> and described here: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142587">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142587</a></p> <p> </p> <p>The repository REXIA_2014 contains the following files (<em>*.mat-files</em>) referring to the year 2014:<br> T_REXIA: transaction matrix<br> Y_REXIA: final demand matrix<br> Ext_REXIA and Ext_hh_REXIA: the satellite matrices of the economy and the final demand<br> The labels of all matrices are described in the excel file Labels_REXIA.xlsx</p>
Grazing and global change factors differentially affect biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in grassland ecosystems
<p><span>Grazing and </span><span>global change</span><span> (e.g., warming, nitrogen deposition</span> <span>and altered precipitation</span><span>) both contribute to biodiversity loss and alter ecosystem structure and function</span><span>ing</span><span>. However, how grazing and </span><span>global </span><span>change interactively influence plant diversity, ecosystem productivity, and the</span><span>ir relationship </span><span>remains unclear at the global scale. Here, we synthesized 73 field studies to quantify the individual and/or interactive effects of grazing and global change factors on biodiversity-</span><span>productivity relationship</span><span> in grasslands.</span><span> Our results showed that grazing significantly reduced plant richness by 3.7% and aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) by 29.1%, but increased belowground net primary productivity (BNPP) by 9.3%. Global change factors, however, decreased richness by 8.0% but increased ANPP and BNPP by 13.4% and 14.9%, respectively</span><span>. Interestingly, the strengt</span><span>h of the change in biodiversity in response to grazing was positively correlated with</span> <span>the strength of the change in BNPP. Yet, global change flipped these relationships from positive to negative even when combined with grazing</span><span>.</span><span> These results indicate that the impacts of global change factors are more dominant than grazing on the</span><span> belowground</span> <span>biodiversity-productivity relationship, which</span><span> is contrary to the pattern of aboveground one</span><span>.</span><span> Therefore, incorporating global change factors with herbivore grazing into Earth system models is necessary to accurately predict climate-grassland </span><span>carbon</span><span> cycle feedbacks in the Anthropocene.</span></p>
Higher thermal resistance of corals in the global marine biodiversity center
<p><span>Predictions for the future of coral reef are largely based on thermal exposure and poorly account for geographic variation in biological sensitivity and resistance to thermal stress. Based on the ratio of thermal exposure and sensitivity, geographic variability of coral resistance was estimated during the 2016 global-bleaching event. Exposure was estimated as historical cumulative excess summer heat (CTA) and a multivariate index of SST, light, and water flow (CE). Site sensitivity was estimated for 226 sites using coordinated bleaching observations. Site resistance was evaluated by 128 possible models for the influences of geography, historical SST variation, coral cover, and number of coral genera. Most factors were statistically significant but the strongest factor was geography - Coral Triangle having higher resistance than non-Coral Triangle sites. Consequently, future predictions of thermal stress will need to account for strong geographic differences in acclimation/adaptation. </span></p>
Supporting data and script for "Productivity, biodiversity, and pathogens influence the global hunter-gatherer population density" (Tallavaara et al.)
<p>This submission contains data and R-script that enable to reproduce the data manipulations and analyses in the paper “Productivity, biodiversity, and pathogens influence the global hunter-gatherer population density” by Miikka Tallavaara, Jussi T. Eronen, and Miska Luoto (PNAS 2018 115 (6) 1232-1237, doi/10.1073/pnas.1715638115). Please, cite the above paper, if you use the files included in this Zenodo record in your work.</p> <p>Included in the submission are R-script as a pdf-file (Tallavaara_Data_analyses.pdf), global net primary productivity data (Tallavaara_Dataset_1.tif), global biodiversity data (Tallavaara_Dataset_2.tif), and global pathogen stress data (Tallavaara_Dataset_3.tif) as GeoTIFF-files. In addition, submission contain global hunter-gatherer data (Tallavaara_Dataset_4.xls) as xls-file. If these datasets are saved in the working directory they can be read in to the R using the included R-script (Tallavaara_Data_analyses).</p>
Near real-time ultrahigh-resolution imaging from unmanned aerial vehicles for sustainable land use management and biodiversity conservation in semi-arid savanna under regional and global change (SAVMAP)
<p>To prevent aggravation of existing poverty in semi-arid savannas, a comprehensive concept for the sustainable adaptive management and use of these ecosystems under unprecedented conditions is needed. SAVMAP is an innovative, trans-, and inter-disciplinary initiative whose goal is to develop a valuable monitoring tool for both sustainable land-use management and rare species conservation (black rhinoceros) in semi-arid savanna in Namibia. SAVMAP uses near real-time ultrahigh-resolution photographic imaging (NURI) facilitated by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) designed at EPFL.</p>
Processed species-level data for "Global Biodiversity Loss from Outsourced Deforestation"
<p>This repository holds processed species-level data for the following paper:</p> <blockquote> <p>Wiebe, R.A.* and Wilcove, D.S. <em>2025</em>. Global Biodiversity Loss from Outsourced Deforestation.</p> </blockquote> <p>*<a href="mailto:rwiebe@princeton.edu">rwiebe@princeton.edu</a>, Guyot Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ</p> <p>In this analysis, we quantified the range loss to forest-dwelling vertebrates that is attributable to demand for agricultural and forestry products by developed countries in 2001-2015.</p> <p>We used several datasets in this analysis. Data on forest cover and forest loss were sourced from <em>Hansen et al.</em> and publicly available to download online: <a href="https://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/science-2013-global-forest/download_v1.7.html" rel="nofollow">https://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/science-2013-global-forest/download_v1.7.html</a>. Data on range maps for species were sourced from the IUCN and downloaded from the IUCN’s API (<a href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/spatial-data-download" rel="nofollow">https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/spatial-data-download</a>) and its partner BirdLife International’s API (<a href="http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/requestdis" rel="nofollow">http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/requestdis</a>). These datasets are made available for academic research on request, and an API key is necessary for their downloads. We sourced data on land use attribution from Nguyen Tien Hoang and Keiichiro Kanemoto, from their 2021 publication “Mapping the deforestation footprint of nations reveals growing threat to tropical forests.” These data are not publicly available, but the authors kindly provided the data on request.</p> <p>Code necessary to replicate the analysis can be found in a public repository at: https://github.com/AlexWiebe/Outsourced-Biodiversity-Loss.</p>
Abundance decline in the avifauna of the European Union reveals global similarities in biodiversity change: Input datasets & species results
<p>This archive contain the two input datasets of bird population estimates and trend estimates underpinning the journal article: <strong>Abundance decline in the avifauna of the European Union reveals global similarities in biodiversity change. </strong>It also contains the species level results obtained from the Bayesian hierarchical model described in section 2.2.1 of the paper.</p>
Hotspots of (sub)alpine plants in the Irano-Anatolian Global Biodiversity Hotspot are insufficiently protected
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: The mountainous regions in SW Asia harbours a high number of endemic species, many of which are restricted to the high-elevation zone. The (sub)alpine habitats of the region are under particular threat due to global change, but their biodiversity hotspots and conservation status have not been investigated so far.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Subalpine-alpine habitats of SW Asia</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: Distribution data of all (sub)alpine vascular plant species of the region was compiled, resulting in 19,680 localities from 1672 (sub)alpine species, the majority of them being restricted to the region (76%). Six quantitative indices of species diversity were used on the basis of 0.5°×0.5° grid cells to identify (sub)alpine hotspots. Hotspots whose surface area in the (sub)alpine zone was covered by nature reserves maximally by 10% were defined as conservation gaps.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: A high proportion (80%) of the endemic species of the study area is range-restricted and narrowly distributed. The results of all six indices were highly correlated. Using the top 5%, 10% and 20% richest cells supported by any index, 32, 53 and 98 cells, respectively, were identified as Hotspots. Almost 60% of these Hotspots at all three levels were identified as unprotected (i.e., constituted Conservation Gaps). Generally, only 22%, 18% and 16%, respectively, of the alpine surface area of the identified Hotspots were covered by nature reserves for the top 5%, 10% and 20% richest cells, respectively. </p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: Although the rate of protection in (sub)alpine Hotspots exceeds that of the entire region it is still insufficient, because these Hotspots are much richer in endemic and in range-restricted species, but at the same time are under high pressure of global change. Therefore, the establishment of new nature reserves with high conservation efficiency in (sub)alpine habitats with a particular focus on the identified Hotspots is strongly recommended.</p>
The undetectability of global biodiversity trends using local species richness
<p>Although species are being lost at alarming rates, previous research has provided conflicting results on the extent and even direction of global biodiversity change at the local scale. Here, we assessed the ability to detect global biodiversity trends using local species richness and how it is affected by the number of monitoring sites, sampling interval (i.e., time between original survey and re-survey of the site), measurement error (error of the measurement of the local species richness), spatial grain of monitoring (a proxy for the taxa mobility), and spatial sampling biases (i.e., site-selection biases). We use PREDICTS model-based estimates as a proxy for the real-world distribution of biodiversity and randomly selected monitoring sites to calculate local species richness trends. We found that while a monitoring network with hundreds of sites could detect global change in species richness within a 30-year period, the number of sites for detecting trends doubled for a decade, increased 10-fold within three years, and yearly trends were undetectable. Measurement errors had a non-linear effect on statistical power, with a 1% error reducing statistical power by a slight margin and a 5% error drastically reducing the power to reliably detect any trend. The ability to detect global change in local species richness was also related to spatial grain, making it harder to detect trends for sites sampled at smaller plot sizes. Spatial sampling biases not only reduced the ability to detect negative global biodiversity trends but sometimes yielded positive trends. We conclude that detecting accurate global biodiversity trends using local richness may simply be unfeasible with current approaches. We suggest that monitoring a representative network of sites implemented at the national level, combined with models accounting for errors and biases, can help improve our understanding of global biodiversity change.</p>
'Projected Landscape-scale Repercussions of Global Action for Climate and Biodiversity Protection' - model outputs
<p>Archive of model outputs produced for the MAgPIE v4.3.5 paper 'Projected Landscape-scale Repercussions of Global Action for Climate and Biodiversity Protection'.</p> <p>The model code of the MAgPIE and SEALS models can be accessed via:</p> <p><strong>MAgPIE model code</strong>: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5394196">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5394196</a> and <a href="https://github.com/magpiemodel/magpie">https://github.com/magpiemodel/magpie</a></p> <p><strong>MAgPIE model documentation</strong>: <a href="https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/magpie/4.3.5/">https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/magpie/4.3.5/</a></p> <p><strong>SEALS model code</strong>: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7795957">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7795957</a></p> <p>Data descriptions:</p> <p><strong>glosem_input.zip </strong>contains the spatially-explicit RLSK and C-factor data for each of the modelled scenarios at 10 arcseconds and the R code to estimate C-factor values based on the MAgPIE-SEALS outputs.</p> <p><strong>glosem_output.zip</strong> contains the spatially-explicit soil loss estimates for all scenarioso and the R code used to process the input data. The data was used to create Fig. 7.</p> <p><strong>magpie_ouput.zip</strong> contains the MAgPIE model outputs of all scenarios. The data is shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, & 5.</p> <p><strong>pollination_sufficiency.zip</strong> contains the spatially-explicit pollination sufficiency estimates for all modelled scenarios and the R code used to derive the pollination sufficiency scores. The data is displayed in Fig. 6.</p>
Supplemental Files to "Mining biodiversity databases establishes a global baseline of cosmopolitan Insecta mOTUs: a case study on Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera) with consequences for biological control programs"
<p>These are supplemental files to the manuscript, "Mining biodiversity databases establishes a global baseline of cosmopolitan Insecta mOTUs: a case study on Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera) with consequences for biological control programs". Supplements contain excel spreadsheets, DNA alignments, Newick tree files, FigTree files, and csv files.</p>
Simulated population time series used to build and test a model of accuracy for population-based global biodiversity indicators
<p class="MsoNormal">Global biodiversity is facing a crisis, which must be solved through effective policies and on-the-ground conservation. But governments, NGOs, and scientists need reliable indicators to guide research, conservation actions, and policy decisions. Developing reliable indicators is challenging because the data underlying those tools is incomplete and biased. For example, the Living Planet Index tracks the changing status of global vertebrate biodiversity, but taxonomic, geographic and temporal gaps and biases are present in the aggregated data used to calculate trends. But without a basis for real-world comparison, there is no way to directly assess an indicator's accuracy or reliability. Instead, a modelling approach can be used.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">We developed a model of trend reliability, using simulated datasets as stand-ins for the "real world", degraded samples as stand-ins for indicator datasets (e.g. the Living Planet Database), and a distance measure to quantify reliability by comparing sampled to unsampled trends. The model revealed that the proportion of species represented in the database is not always indicative of trend reliability. Important factors are the number and length of time series, as well as their mean growth rates and variance in their growth rates, both within and between time series. We found that many trends in the Living Planet Index need more data to be considered reliable, particularly trends across the global south. In general, bird trends are the most reliable, while reptile and amphibian trends are most in need of additional data. We simulated three different solutions for reducing data deficiency, and found that collating existing data (where available) is the most efficient way to improve trend reliability, and that revisiting previously-studied populations is a quick and efficient way to improve trend reliability until new long-term studies can be completed and made available.</p>
A global synthesis and meta-analysis of the environmental heterogeneity effects on the freshwater biodiversity
<p>In this study, we aimed to synthesize the global knowledge about the relationship between spatial Environmental Heterogeneity (EH) and freshwater biodiversity (i.e., taxonomic and functional diversity, and their respective α and β components). Through a systematic review, we integrated results from 98 studies, published in 33 different countries, about the role of spatial EH – biodiversity relationship in freshwater ecosystems. Following the PRISMA-ecoevol criteria, we generated a dataset with 276 observations of the effect of EH – biodiversity relationship. For the meta-analysis, we extracted the effect size from 74 studies that effectively tested the effect of EH over any metric of biodiversity. Through this subset, we provided 242 individual effect sizes with their respective variances and sample sizes.</p>
Mind the Gap: Comparing Exploration Effort with Global Biodiversity Patterns and Climate Projections to Determine Ocean Areas with Greatest Exploration Needs- Dive metadata
<p>Meta data for deep submergence dive locations associated with "Mind the Gap: Comparing Exploration Effort with Global Biodiversity Patterns and Climate Projections to Determine Ocean Areas with Greatest Exploration Needs" published in Frontier of Marine Science 2023. </p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.