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102 results for “hawkmoths”
Allometric scaling of a superposition eye optimises sensitivity and acuity in large and small hawkmoths
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Data from: Flight power muscles have a coordinated, causal role in controlling hawkmoth pitch turns
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Hawkmoths use wingstroke-to-wingstroke frequency modulation for aerial recovery to vortex ring perturbations
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Hovering flight in hummingbird hawkmoths: Kinematics, wake dynamics and aerodynamic power
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Data from: Evidence for diurnal bee pollination in the ancestrally hawkmoth-pollinated genus Crinum (Amaryllidaceae)
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Dataset for: Short flowers for long tongues: functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths (Biotropica)
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Learning to feed in the dark: how light levels influences feeding in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta
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Data from: Hawkmoth flight in the unsteady wakes of flowers
Flying animals maneuver and hover through environments where wind gusts and flower wakes produce unsteady flow. Although both flight maneuvers and aerodynamic mechanisms have been studied independently, little is known about how these interact in an environment where flow is already unsteady. Moths forage from flowers by hovering in the flower's wake.We investigated hawkmoths tracking a 3D-printed robotic flower in a wind tunnel.We visualized the flow in the wake and around the wings and compared tracking performance with previous experiments in a still-air flight chamber. As in still air, moths flying in the flower wake exhibit near-perfect tracking at low frequencies where natural flowers move. However, tracking in the flower wake results in a larger overshoot between 2 and 5 Hz. System identification of flower tracking reveals that moths also display reduced-order dynamics in wind compared with still air. Smoke visualization of the flower wake shows that the dominant vortex shedding corresponds to the same frequency band as the increased overshoot. Despite these large effects on tracking dynamics in wind, the leading edge vortex (LEV) remains bound to the wing throughout the wingstroke and does not burst. The LEV also maintains the same qualitative structure seen in steady air. Persistence of a stable LEV during decreased flower tracking demonstrates the interplay between hovering and maneuvering.
Fig. 3 in Morphological variation of the epiphyses in some Ambulycini hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae)
Fig. 3. Morphological details of the epiphysis in SEM. (A) Comb of Protambulyx strigilis (Linnaeus, 1771). (B). Comb of Orecta lycidas (Boisduval, [1875]). (C) Comb of Adhemarius gannascus (Stoll, 1790). (D) Acanthae of Ad. gannascus.
Fig. 4 in Morphological variation of the epiphyses in some Ambulycini hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae)
Fig. 4. Epiphysial morphology of some Ambulycini (anterolateral view). (A) Ambulyx pryeri Distant, 1887. (B) Protambulyx strigilis (Linnaeus, 1771). (C) Akbesia davidi (Oberthür, 1884). (D) Compsulyx cochereaui (Viette, 1971). (E) Batocnema coquerelii (Boisduval, [1875]). (F) Orecta lycidas (Boisduval, [1875]). (G) Trogolegnum pseudambulyx (Boisduval, [1875]). (H) Adhemarius dariensis (Rothschild and Jordan, 1916). (I) Adhemarius gannascus (Stoll, 1790). (J) Adhemarius eurysthenes (Felder & Felder, 1874). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Fig. 2 in Morphological variation of the epiphyses in some Ambulycini hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae)
Fig. 2. Proposed characters of the epiphyses of Ambulycini. (A) Shape: a. elongated, as in Trogolegnum pseudambulyx; b. lanceolate, as in Ambulyx pryeri; c. spoon-shaped, as in Orecta lycidas; d. bent inward, as in Batocnema coquerelii. (B) Insertion point on the foretibia: a. at one-third of the tibia, as in Adhemarius gannascus; b. at one-quarter of the tibia, as in O. lycidas; c. at two-fifths of the tibia, as shown in female Akbesia davidi; d. at two-sevenths of the tibia, as in Protambulyx strigilis. (C) Upper lobe: a. straight, as observed in Compsulyx cochereaui; b. concave, as in Ad. dariensis; c. bilobed, as in B. coquerelii; d. angulate, as in Ad. eurysthenes. (D) Lower lobe: a. truncated, as in T. pseudambulyx; b. rounded, as in Ad. eurysthenes. (E) Invagination shape: a. vnotched, as in P. strigilis; b. u-notched, as in Ak. davidi. (F) Invagination degree: a. slightly accentuated, as observed in P. strigilis; b. strongly accentuated, in Am. pryeri.
Fig. 1 in Morphological variation of the epiphyses in some Ambulycini hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae)
Fig. 1. Measurements and proposed subdivisions of the epiphyses shown in Batocnema coquerelii (Boisduval, [1875]). Abbreviations: (ap) apex, (auc) acanthae located under the comb, (co) comb, (el) epiphysis length, (ets) epiphysis-tibial socket, (ew) epiphysis width, (fl) foretibia length, (im) inner margin, (inv) invagination, (ll) lower lobe, (po) position on the foretibia, (ul) upper lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Fig. 5 in Morphological variation of the epiphyses in some Ambulycini hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae)
Fig. 5. Evolution of the epiphysis shapes within the tribe Ambulycini (Sphingidae: Smerinthinae) based on phylogenetic cladograms adapted from: (A) Timmermans et al. (2019) and (B) Cardoso (2015). The topologies show the relationships of the studied taxa. Colors show the different geographic regions and the type of epiphysis that occurs.
Data from: Papilio butterfly vs. hawkmoth pollination explains floral syndrome dichotomy in a clade of Lilium
<p>This dataset contains data described in the paper recently accepted by Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society:" Liu C-Q, Niu Y, Lu Q-B, Chen Z, Cai B, Fang Y, Gao Y-D. (2021) <i><span>Papilio</span></i> butterfly vs. hawkmoth pollination explains floral syndrome dichotomy in a clade of <i><span>Lilium</span></i>".</p> <div>The <span>Leucolirion </span>clade of <span>Lilium</span> contains species with either tepal-recurved or trumpet-shaped flowers. We hypothesized that the tepal-recurved flowers might be pollinated by butterflies and/or birds while the trumpet-shaped flowers might permit visitation by a variety of hawkmoths. <span>Lilium leucanthum</span> has trumpet shaped flowers, and some populations of this species show dark coloration on the floral outer surface, suggesting pollination by mammals. We examined the dependence of reproduction on pollinators by pollen load analysis and pollination experiments. We also analysed floral traits to contrast the two floral syndromes involving different lepidopteran groups.</div> <div> </div> <div>The tepal-recurved lilies delivered pollen by <span>Papilio</span> butterflies with pollen predominantly attached to the hindwings. The trumpet-shaped flowers attracted diverse species with proboscises of different lengths. Self-incompatibility prevails throughout the clade. Exclusion of lepidopteran visitors resulted in very low seed set. The butterfly- and hawkmoth-pollinated species display contrasting floral syndromes. Thus, the dichotomy in floral syndrome, including nectar, color, and morphology in the <span>Leucolirion</span> clade is associated with <span>Papilio</span> butterfly vs. hawkmoth pollination. Intraspecific variation in colour of the floral outer surface of <span>L</span>. <span>leucanthum</span> was also confirmed by our measurements.</div> <div> </div> <div>These data can be used in further research on the floral ecology and evolution of Lilium and may also be needed in reviews of flower-hawkmoth interactions and hawkmoth biology.</div>
Data from: A diversification relay race from Caribbean-Mesoamerica to the Andes: historical biogeography of Xylophanes hawkmoths
<p>The regions of the Andes and Caribbean-Mesoamerica are both hypothesized to be the cradle for many Neotropical lineages, but few studies have fully investigated the dynamics and interactions between Neotropical bioregions. The NewWorld hawkmoth genus Xylophanes is the most taxonomically diverse genus in the Sphingidae, with the highest endemism and richness in the Andes and Caribbean-Mesoamerica. We integrated phylogenomic and DNA barcode data and generated the first time-calibrated tree for this genus, covering 93.8% of the species diversity. We used event-based likelihood ancestral area estimation and biogeographic stochastic mapping to examine the speciation and dispersal dynamics of Xylophanes across bioregions. We also used trait-dependent diversification models to compare speciation and extinction rates of lineages associated with different bioregions. Our results indicate that Xylophanes originated in Caribbean-Mesoamerica in the Late Miocene, and immediately diverged into five major clades. The current species diversity and distribution of Xylophanes can be explained by two consecutive phases. In the first phase, the highest Xylophanes speciation and emigration rates occurred in the Caribbean-Mesoamerica, and the highest immigration rates occurred in the Andes, whereas in the second phase the highest immigration rates were found in Amazonia, and the Andes had the highest speciation and emigration rates.</p>
Fig. 2 in Phylogeny of the Hawkmoth Tribe Ambulycini (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae): Mitogenomes from Museum Specimens Resolve Major Relationships
Fig. 2. Maximum Likelihood (ML) topology showing Ambulycini relationships inferred from mitochondrial genome data. Values at nodes indicate SH-aLRT/ Ultrafast Bootstrap/Posterior probabilities. Posterior Probabilities were obtained using Bayesian Inference. ML and Bayesian inferences recovered the same phylogenetic relationships. Scale bar indicates number substitutions per site.Various species are represented by a photograph (indicated with a number behind the species name and next to the respective image). All images are available on the NHM Data Portal (see Table 1), except for 4) B. coquerelii which was taken by Laurel Kaminsky.
Fig. 1 in Phylogeny of the Hawkmoth Tribe Ambulycini (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae): Mitogenomes from Museum Specimens Resolve Major Relationships
Fig. 1. Phylogenetic hypotheses for the hawkmoth tribe Ambulycini. (A) Based on Kawahara and Barber (2015), which used six genes and Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods. (B and C) Based on Cardoso (2015), which used 3 genes and 96 morphological characters. For B, Bayesian Inference was used; for C, Maximum Parsimony.
FIGURE 12 in Cryptic species among bumblebee mimics: an unrecognized Hemaris hawkmoth (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in eastern North America
FIGURE 12. Female genitalia of Hemaris thetis (A), H. diffinis (B) and H. aethra (C). Scale bar equals 1 mm.
FIGURE 11 in Cryptic species among bumblebee mimics: an unrecognized Hemaris hawkmoth (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in eastern North America
FIGURE 11. Illustration (top) from the original description of Macroglossa aethra (Strecker 1875), and the holotype specimen with associated labels (bottom), deposited in the Field Museum of Natural history (available at http://collections- Zoology.fieldmuseum.org/catalogue/804170).
FIGURE 10 in Cryptic species among bumblebee mimics: an unrecognized Hemaris hawkmoth (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in eastern North America
FIGURE 10. Comparison of the minimum range of H. aethra (red) and the distribution of its larval host plant, Diervilla lonicera (blue). Range of H. aethra is based on minimum shape incorporating examined specimens (Fig. 8), with unverified or potential records indicated by questions marks. Range of D. lonciera is based on information in KartesZ (2015) and Canadensys Explorer (http://data2.canadensys.net).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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