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803 results for “hippocampal”
Data From: Fear conditioning potentiates the Hippocampal CA1 commissural pathway In vivo and increases awake phase sleep
<p>The hippocampus is essential for spatial learning and memory. To assess learning we used contextual fear conditioning (cFC), where animals learn to associate a place with aversive events like foot-shocks. Candidate memory mechanisms for cFC are long-term potentiation and long-term depression, but there is little direct evidence of them operating in the hippocampus in vivo following cFC. Also, little is known about the behavioral state changes induced by cFC. To address these issues, we recorded local field potentials in freely behaving mice by stimulating in the left dorsal CA1 region and recording in the right dorsal CA1 region. Synaptic strength in the commissural pathway was monitored by measuring field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) before and after cFC. After cFC, the commissural pathway's synaptic strength was potentiated. Although recordings occurred during the wake phase of the light/dark cycle, the mice slept more in the post-conditioning period than in the pre-conditioning period. Relative to awake periods, in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep the fEPSPs were larger in both pre- and post-conditioning periods. We also found a significant negative correlation between the animal's speed and fEPSP size. Therefore, to avoid confounds in the fEFSP potentiation estimates, we controlled for speed-related and sleep-related fEPSP changes and still found that cFC induced long-term potentiation, but no significant long-term depression. Synaptic strength changes were not found in the control group that simply explored the fear-conditioning chamber, indicating that exploration of the novel place did not produce the measurable effects caused by cFC. These results show that following cFC, the CA1 commissural pathway is potentiated, likely contributing to the functional integration of the left and right hippocampi in fear memory consolidation. In addition, the cFC paradigm produces significant changes in an animal's behavioral state, which are observable as proximal changes in sleep patterns.</p>
Dual Chromatin Repressors Regulate Hippocampal Development
<p>Abstract: The cell fate transition from radial glial-like (RGL) cells to neurons and astrocytes is crucial for development and pathological conditions. Two chromatin repressors- the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 and suppressor of variegation 4-20 homolog, are highly associated with RGL cells in the hippocampus, implicating hippocampal cell fate commitment underlying these epigenetic regulations. Using a double knock-out mouse model, we demonstrated that loss of both chromatin repressors in the RGL population leads to deficits in hippocampal development. At the molecular level, single nuclei RNA-Seq revealed differential gene expression and provided mechanistic insight that dual chromatin repressors are critical for the maintenance of cycling cells in the dentate gyrus as well as the balance of cell trajectories between neuronal and astroglial lineages.</p> <p>Datasets:</p> <p>NUC: cDNA fraction from wild-type and double knock-out nuclei</p> <p>Raw data: NUC_S1_R1_001.fastq.gz, NUC_S1_R2_001.fastq.gz</p> <p>Processed data: NUC.bam.dge.tsv.gz, NUC_combined_dge.tsv.gz, NUC_flowdata.tsv.gz</p> <p>IDX: nanowell index fraction</p> <p>Raw data: IDX_S1_L001_R1_001.fastq.gz, IDX_S1_L001_R2_001.fastq.gz</p> <p>Processed data: IDX_features.tsv.gz, IDX_matrix.mtx.gz, IDX_barcodes.tsv.gz, IDX_count_matrix_umis.tsv.gz</p>
Data for: Inhibition is a prevalent mode of activity in the neocortex around awake hippocampal ripples in mice
<p>Coordinated peri-ripple activity in the hippocampal-neocortical network is essential for mnemonic information processing in the brain. Hippocampal ripples likely serve different functions in sleep and awake states. Thus, the corresponding neocortical activity patterns may differ in important ways. We addressed this possibility by conducting voltage and glutamate wide-field imaging of the neocortex with concurrent hippocampal electrophysiology in awake mice. Contrary to our previously published sleep results, deactivation and activation were dominant in post-ripple neocortical voltage and glutamate activity, respectively, especially in the agranular retrosplenial cortex (aRSC). Additionally, the spiking activity of aRSC neurons, estimated by two-photon calcium imaging, revealed the existence of two subpopulations of excitatory neurons with opposite peri-ripple modulation patterns: one increases and the other decreases firing rate. These differences in peri-ripple spatiotemporal patterns of neocortical activity in sleep versus awake states might underlie the reported differences in the function of sleep versus awake ripples.</p>
Dietary flavanols restore hippocampal-dependent memory in older adults with lower diet quality and habitual flavanol consumption
<p>Dietary flavanols are food constituents found in certain fruits and vegetables that have been linked to cognitive aging. Previous studies suggested that consumption of dietary flavanols might specifically be linked to the hippocampal-dependent memory component of cognitive aging and that memory benefits of a flavanol intervention might depend on habitual diet quality. Here, we tested these hypotheses in the context of a large-scale study of 3,562 older adults, who were randomly assigned to a 3-y intervention of cocoa extract (500 mg of cocoa flavanols per day) or a placebo [(COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study) COSMOS-Web, NCT04582617]. Using the alternative healthy eating index in all participants and a urine-based biomarker of flavanol intake in a subset of participants [n = 1,361], we show that habitual flavanol consumption and diet quality at baseline are positively and selectively correlated with hippocampal-dependent memory. While the prespecified primary endpoint testing for an intervention-related improvement in memory in all participants after 1 y was not statistically significant, the flavanol intervention restored memory among participants in lower tertiles of habitual diet quality or habitual flavanol consumption. Increases in the flavanol biomarker over the course of the trial were associated with improving memory. Collectively, our results allow dietary flavanols to be considered in the context of a depletion–repletion paradigm and suggest that low flavanol consumption can act as a driver of the hippocampal-dependent component of cognitive aging.</p>
Hippocampal Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Small Cell Lung Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01797159. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy With or Without Hippocampal Avoidance in Limited Stage or Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02635009. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
Memantine Hydrochloride and Whole-Brain Radiotherapy With or Without Hippocampal Avoidance in Reducing Neurocognitive Decline in Patients With Brain Metastases
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02360215. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
Prior parental experience attenuates hormonal stress responses and alters hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors in biparental rock doves
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Dataset for the transcriptome analysis of hippocampal subfields identifies gene expression profiles associated with long-term active place avoidance memory
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Pronouns reactivate conceptual representations in human hippocampal neurons
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Release of cognitive and multimodal MRI data including real-world tasks and hippocampal subfield segmentations
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Data for: The hippocampal representation of context is preserved despite neural drift
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Statistical data from: Cholinergic modulation of hippocampally mediated attention and perception
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Inactive but awake behaviour as indicating a depression-like state in mice: Aetiological factors and association with adult hippocampal neurogenesis
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Data for: Inhibition is a prevalent mode of activity in the neocortex around awake hippocampal ripples in mice
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Data for: Hippocampal encoding of memories in human infants
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Data from: During hippocampal inactivation, grid cells maintain synchrony, even when the grid pattern is lost
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Restoring hippocampal glucose metabolism rescues cognition across Alzheimer disease pathologies
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Data from: Hippocampal-occipital connectivity reflects autobiographical memory deficits in aphantasia
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Position and time coordinates, performance, and latencies of delayed non-match to place trials performed by rats with silenced hippocampal inputs to RSC
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.