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Fig. 5 in Multivariate analysis of chemical and genetic diversity of wild Humulus lupulus L. (hop) collected in situ in northern France

Fig. 5. Identification of population genetic structure of the 63 accessions of Humulus lupulus L. sampled in Northern France (Hauts-de-France region) using 11 microsatellites. A. Bar plot showing the distribution of individual assignations estimated for K = 2 and K = 6 clusters, from Bayesian inference cluster analysis performed with the 53 Humulus lupulus haplotypes sampled from the 14 locations (from A to K). Each vertical line represents an individual and the length of each colored line corresponds to the membership coefficient (scale at the left of the bar plot) for each cluster. Individuals are grouped according to their sampling locations. B. Frequencies of the 6 clusters (represented by colors) within each sampled location. Colors are same than on Fig. 5A. C. Principle Component Analysis (PCoA) based on genetic distances between each accession. Individuals were colored according to their sample site collection. D. Dendrogram underlying genetic clustering of the 63 hop accessions, including 10 commercial varieties (samples 1 to 10), 3 heirloom varieties (samples 11 to 13) and 50 wild sampled from 11 geographical locations (cf Table 1). 1: Nugget, 2: Strisselspalt, 3: Golding, 4: Challenger, 5: Brewers Gold, 6: Cascade, 7: Magnum, 8: Northern Brewer, 9: Target, 10: Fuggle, 11: Groene Bel, 12: Star, 13: Coigneau, Location A: 14 to 18; Location B: 19 to 23; Location C: 24 to 28; Location D: 29 to 32; Location E: 33 and 34; Location F: 34 and 35; Location G: 37 and 38; Location H: 39 to 42; Location I: 43 to 52; Location J: 53 to 58; Location K: 59 to 63. The tree was constructed using the unweighted neighbor-joining method based on genetic dissimilarity among the haplotypes according to microsatellite markers. Each branch corresponds to a hop genotype and the colors of branches indicate locations from which the genotypes were sampled. The color code is the same as the one on Fig. 5C.

Fig. 2 in Multivariate analysis of chemical and genetic diversity of wild Humulus lupulus L. (hop) collected in situ in northern France

Fig. 2. Analysis of volatile compounds in hop cones by GC-MS. A. Chemical structure of main volatile compounds found in hop cones. B. GC-MS total ion chromatogram of a hop cone sample (cv. Nugget). Compounds identified correspond to the following compounds: (1) β-myrcene; (2) β-caryophyllene; (3) linalool; (4) 2- undecanone; (5) copaene; (6) α-humulene; (7) γ-muurolene.

Fig. 4 in Multivariate analysis of chemical and genetic diversity of wild Humulus lupulus L. (hop) collected in situ in northern France

Fig. 4. Results of characterization of soil samples collected close to the root environment of the 63 hops studied. These 63 hops samples are represented by ten commercial varieties: Nugget comes from « comm_1 »; Strisselspalt comes from « comm_2 » and other commercial cultivars come from the same field « comm_3–10 »; three heirloom varieties coming from the same field identified as « old »; and fifty wild hops identified according to Table 1. The characterization of soil samples was based on pH and conductivity measurements, on organic matter content determined by loss of ignition as well as on dosage of the sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium elements. A. Dendrogram including hierarchical cluster analysis (N = 8) among soil samples determined by soil characterization. B. Heatmap associated to the dendrogram. The 8 clusters of the hierarchical clustering were reported on the heatmap. C. Pictures of soil samples from locations B (Tourbi`ere de Vred, Vred) (1), D (Cap Blanc nez, Wissant) (2) and K (Dunes d'Ecault) (3).

Fig. 1. Main hop prenylated phenolic compounds A in Multivariate analysis of chemical and genetic diversity of wild Humulus lupulus L. (hop) collected in situ in northern France

Fig. 1. Main hop prenylated phenolic compounds A. Chemical structure of major chalcones and acylphloroglucinols produced by hops and their molecular weight. B. Chromatogram of a crude hydro-ethanolic extract of hops (cultivar Nugget) at 330 nm. XN: xanthohumol, α1: co-humulone; α2: humulone; α3: ad-humulone; β1: colupulone; β2: lupulone; β3: ad-lupulone.

Fig. 3 in Multivariate analysis of chemical and genetic diversity of wild Humulus lupulus L. (hop) collected in situ in northern France

Fig. 3. Geographical repartition of the fifty accessions of wild hop (Humulus lupulus L.) collected on the 11 locations A to K in the North of France.

Fig. 8. Untargeted metabolomic analysis A in Multivariate analysis of chemical and genetic diversity of wild Humulus lupulus L. (hop) collected in situ in northern France

Fig. 8. Untargeted metabolomic analysis A. Principle component analysis of the 63 chemotypes of hop studied. Each symbol represents a single plant from the different accessions. Commercial varieties (10 accessions), heirloom varieties (3 accessions), wild hops collected on different locations (50 accessions, Fig. 3). B. Principle component analysis of the chemical markers.

Fig. 7 in Multivariate analysis of chemical and genetic diversity of wild Humulus lupulus L. (hop) collected in situ in northern France

Fig. 7. Results of the statistical treatment of data for the quantitation of xanthohumol, co-, n-, ad-humulone and co-, n-, ad-lupulone. This quantitation has been performed on the 63 crude hydro-ethanolic extracts of hop cone powder from Northern France, including 10 commercial varieties, 3 heirloom varieties and 50 wild hops (Fig. 1, Table 2). A. PCA biplot of quantitation data with score plot and loading plot of variables. Individuals were colored by collection site for a given observation. Variable contribution to component was represented by arrows length. B. Dendrogram of the hierarchical cluster analysis among the 63 hops based on the quantitation similarity (Ward's method, distance scale) (N = 3).

Evaluation of Injury Profile, Core Stability and Balance in Female Hip-Hop Dancers

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06528652. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 22.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

Establishment of a Biological Collection During COVID-19 Serological Screening in APHP Professionals (COVID-HOP)

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04418375. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

What's Hopping? Cricket Protein and Human Gut Microbiota

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03383341. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

The HIP-HOP Flooring Study: Helping Injury Prevention in Hospitalised Older People

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00817869. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

New Triple Hop Test Quality Assessment Tool

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04228848. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

Hop Compounds and Immune System

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04847193. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

Oral Bioavailability and Bioactivity of Prenylflavonoids From Hops

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03140397. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Manipulation of the Intratesticular Hormonal Milieu With Exogenous Testosterone (HOP 5) Testicular Aspiration Addendum

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00156650. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

Healthy Opportunities for Physical Activity and Nutrition (HOP'N) After-School Project

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01015599. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.

Hop Botanical Dietary Supplements - Metabolism and Safety in Women

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02848430. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.