Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
115
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
115 results for “host behavior”
Behavioral and postural analyses establish sleep-like states for mosquitoes that can impact host landing and blood feeding
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Honey bee virus causes context-dependent changes in host social behavior
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Migration and tolerance shape host behavior and response to parasites infection
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Nonaggressive behavior: A strategy employed by an obligate nest invader to avoid conflict with its host species
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Climatic stress decreases tick survival but increases rate of host-seeking behavior
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Size-dependent behavioral and antennal responses to doses of (+)-isopinocamphone and 1,8-cineole mixed with pheromone: a potential host selection strategy in female Ips typographus L.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Behavioral evidence for fruit odor discrimination and sympatric host races of Rhagoletis pomonella flies in the western United States
The recent shift of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) from its native host downy hawthorn, Crataegus mollis, to introduced domesticated apple, Malus domestica, in the eastern U.S. is a model for sympatric host race formation. However, the fly is also present in the western U.S., where it may have been introduced via infested apples within the last 60 years. In addition to apple, R. pomonella also infests two hawthorns in the West, one the native black hawthorn, C. douglasii, and the other the introduced English ornamental hawthorn, C. monogyna. Here, we test for behavioral evidence of host races in the western U.S. through flight tunnel assays of western R. pomonella flies to host fruit volatile blends. We report that western apple, black hawthorn, and ornamental hawthorn flies showed significantly increased levels of upwind directed flight to their respective natal compared to non-natal fruit volatile blends, consistent with host race status. We discuss the implications of the behavioral results for the origin(s) of western R. pomonella, including the possibility that western apple flies were not introduced, but may represent a recent shift from local hawthorn fly populations.
Data from: Prudent behavior rather than chemical deception enables a parasite to exploit its ant host
Many parasites display complex strategies to evade host detection. The principal view is that parasites of social insects deceive their host by means of advanced chemical adaptations such as mimicking the cuticular host recognition cues, being chemically odorless, or emitting manipulative volatiles. Apart from these chemical adaptations, parasites of social insects may also use simpler behavioral strategies to evade host detection. As yet, such behavior has rarely been studied. Here we tested which chemical and behavioral strategies the unspecialized parasitic rove beetle Thiasophila angulata uses to avoid detection by its aggressive Formica rufa red wood ant host. Chemical comparisons of the beetle's and the host ants' cuticular hydrocarbons showed that the beetle carried an idiosyncratic cuticular profile that was clearly different from that of its host. Beetles that were isolated from their host or were placed in the nests of another Formica species perfectly retained their original cuticular profiles and provoked equal levels of aggression. These results suggest that the beetles do not avoid host detection through chemical deception. In contrast, the beetle adapted its behavior to avoid aggression by the ants. In the presence of ants, the beetle behaved much more prudently by hiding more frequently and engaging in less risky runs. Overall, these results highlight that for relatively unspecialized parasites, general strategies such as prudent behavior can be equally effective as more specialized deception strategies to evade host detection.
Data from: On the scent of standing variation for speciation: behavioral evidence for native sympatric host races of Rhagoletic pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the southern United States
Standing variation can be critical for speciation. Here, we investigate the origins of fruit odor discrimination for Rhagoletis pomonella underlying the fly's sympatric shift in the northeastern U.S. from downy hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) to apple (Malus domestica). Because R. pomonella mate on host fruit, preferences for natal fruit volatiles generate prezygotic isolation. Apples emit volatiles that appear to be missing from gas chromatography/electroantennographic detection profiles for flies infesting downy hawthorns, raising the question of how R. pomonella evolved a preference for apple. In the southern U.S., R. pomonella attacks several native hawthorns. Behaviorally active volatile blends for R. pomonella infesting southern hawthorns contain the missing apple volatiles, potentially explaining why downy hawthorn flies could have evolved to be sensitive to a blend of apple volatiles. Flight tunnel assays imply that southern hawthorn populations were not the antecedent of a preassembled apple race, as southern flies were not attracted to the apple volatile blend. Instead, behavioral evidence was found for southern host races on native hawthorns, complementing the story of the historical sympatric shift to introduced apple in the North and illustrating how R. pomonella may evolve novel combinations of agonist and antagonist responses to volatiles to utilize new fruit resources.
Data from: Effects of host colony size and hygiene behaviors on social spider kleptoparasite loads along an elevation gradient
1.Group living animals are likely to attract more parasites than solitary ones. Parasite loads, however, should also depend on environmental conditions and on host characteristics and behaviors. Previous work has found that social spider colonies harbor communities of kleptoparasitic spiders thats forego building their own web and, instead, steal prey from their social host. 2.We examined parasite loads and host hygiene behaviors in colonies of social and subsocial spiders in the genus Anelosimus along an elevation gradient in eastern Ecuador. 3.We found that parasite loads declined dramatically with increasing elevation. Host hygiene behaviors, such as debris removal, web repair, and interactions with the parasites, also declined with elevation. Within elevations, species with more frequent hygiene behaviors appeared more successful at keeping parasites at bay. Contrary to our predictions, parasite density declined with host nest and colony size. 4.The decline in parasite loads at higher elevations likely reflects a lower rate of energy exchange between colonies and their environments, where colder temperatures mean fewer and smaller prey for colonies to process. The decline in parasite density with host colony size may reflect a decline in the number of accessible prey in larger host colonies, as larger colonies should capture fewer but larger insects due to scaling properties of their three dimensional webs. 5.Social immunity, whereby a social host uses social behaviour to fight against parasites, has been studied in eusocial and non‐eusocial insects. This study opens up social spiders as a novel system in which to study how host characteristics interact with environmental factors to affect parasite loads. It also introduces the concept of group‐level immunity to social spiders and suggests a role for colony‐level metabolism in determining ecological patterns in parasitism.
FIGURES 23–24. Antillophanes cubensis larval cases and host fungi. 23 in Antillopsyche sessilis, new genus and species, a new Psychidae (Lepidoptera: Tineoidea) from Cuba with an unusual larval feeding behavior
FIGURES 23–24. Antillophanes cubensis larval cases and host fungi. 23—Larval cases feeding on Trametes villosa (Polyporaceae). 24—Larvae within their cases feeding on Phylloporia pectinata (Hymenochaetaceae).
Fig. 1 in Larval Feeding Behavior of Gratiana spadicea (Klug) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) on its Host Plant, Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae): Interaction with Trichomes
Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of leaf discs of Solanum sisymbriifolium used in feeding choice trials. a) High density stellate trichomes (HD) ¼ 29.7/mm2; b) low density stellate trichomes (LD) ¼ 1.07/mm2; c) submitted to mechanical removal of stellate trichomes (Bars ¼ 100 µm).
Fig. 4 in Larval Feeding Behavior of Gratiana spadicea (Klug) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) on its Host Plant, Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae): Interaction with Trichomes
Fig. 4. Survivorship curves of Gratiana spadicea larvae fed with intact Solanum sisymbriifolium leaf discs and with leaf discs submitted to mechanical and chemical removal of the trichomes and their exudates, and to trichomes mechanical control. Treatments followed by the same letters do not differ significantly (log rank tests, Oi ¼ 0.05).
Fig. 3 in Larval Feeding Behavior of Gratiana spadicea (Klug) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) on its Host Plant, Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae): Interaction with Trichomes
Fig. 3. Leaf damage of Gratiana spadicea on Solanum sisymbriifolium leaf. a) Feeding site cleared by a first instar larva; b) detail (enlargement of the area marked in a) of a corresponding macerated lateral ray (arrow). (Bars ¼ 100 µm and 50 µm, respectively).
Ontogenetic Shifts in Behavior and Host-Plant Preference of a Tropical Clown Grasshopper
<p>This repository contains all the data and scripts necessary to perform the analyses of the study</p>
Data from: The many dimensions of diet breadth: phytochemical, genetic, behavioral, and physiological perspectives on the interaction between a native herbivore and an exotic host
From the perspective of an herbivorous insect, conspecific host plants are not identical, and intraspecific variation in host nutritional quality or defensive capacity might mediate spatially variable outcomes in plant-insect interactions. Here we explore this possibility in the context of an ongoing host breadth expansion of a native butterfly (the Melissa blue, Lycaeides melissa) onto an exotic host plant (alfalfa, Medicago sativa). We examine variation among seven alfalfa populations that differed in terms of colonization by L. melissa; specifically, we examined variation in phytochemistry, foliar protein, and plant population genetic structure, as well as responses of caterpillars and adult butterflies to foliage from the same populations. Regional patterns of alfalfa colonization by L. melissa were well predicted by phytochemical variation, and colonized patches of alfalfa showed a similar level of inter-individual phytochemical diversity. However, phytochemical variation was a poor predictor of larval performance, despite the fact that survival and weight gain differed dramatically among caterpillars reared on plants from different alfalfa populations. Moreover, we observed a mismatch between alfalfa supporting the best larval performance and alfalfa favored by ovipositing females. Thus, the axes of plant variation that mediate interactions with L. melissa depend upon herbivore life history stage, which raises important issues for our understanding of adaptation to novel resources by an organism with a complex life history.
Data from: Covariation between the physiological and behavioral components of pathogen transmission: host heterogeneity determines epidemic outcomes
Although heterogeneity in contact rate, physiology, and behavioral response to infection have all been empirically demonstrated in host–pathogen systems, little is known about how interactions between individual variation in behavior and physiology scale-up to affect pathogen transmission at a population level. The objective of this study is to evaluate how covariation between the behavioral and physiological components of transmission might affect epidemic outcomes in host populations. We tested the consequences of contact rate covarying with susceptibility, infectiousness, and infection status using an individual-based, dynamic network model where individuals initiate and terminate contacts with conspecifics based on their behavioral predispositions and their infection status. Our results suggest that both heterogeneity in physiology and subsequent covariation of physiology with contact rate could powerfully influence epidemic dynamics. Overall, we found that 1) individual variability in susceptibility and infectiousness can reduce the expected maximum prevalence and increase epidemic variability; 2) when contact rate and susceptibility or infectiousness negatively covary, it takes substantially longer for epidemics to spread throughout the population, and rates of epidemic spread remained suppressed even for highly transmissible pathogens; and 3) reductions in contact rate resulting from infection-induced behavioral changes can prevent the pathogen from reaching most of the population. These effects were strongest for theoretical pathogens with lower transmissibility and for populations where the observed variation in contact rate was higher, suggesting that such heterogeneity may be most important for less infectious, more chronic diseases in wildlife. Understanding when and how variability in pathogen transmission should be modelled is a crucial next step for disease ecology.
Figure 3 in Regional Distribution Of A Brain-Encysting Parasite Provides Insight On Parasite-Induced Host Behavioral Manipulation
Figure 3. Correlation between the number of encysted Euhaplorchis californiensis metacercariae on the whole brain of California killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis) and the number of parasites on the diencephalon/ mesencephalon region in experimentally infected F. parvipinnis individuals. The correlation was checked using Spearman's rho (¼ 0.98).
Figure 1 in Regional Distribution Of A Brain-Encysting Parasite Provides Insight On Parasite-Induced Host Behavioral Manipulation
Figure 1. Figure displaying the number of Euhaplorchis californiensis parasites (A), weight (B), and mass parasite density (parasites/g body mass) (C) in experimentally infected and naturally infected fish. Different letters indicate differences in Tukey post-hoc test performed after a 1-way ANOVA; stars indicate significant difference in the Mann–Whitney Utest. On the y-axis, we show the number of parasites (A), body mass in + grams (B), and parasite density (parasites/g body mass) (C), and on the x- axis, we show the different treatment groups: low-infection treatment (n ¼ 8), high-infection treatment (n ¼ 8), experimentally infected (n ¼ 16), and naturally infected (n ¼ 25).
Figure 2 in Regional Distribution Of A Brain-Encysting Parasite Provides Insight On Parasite-Induced Host Behavioral Manipulation
Figure 2. Contrasting Euhaplorchis californiensis brain surface parasite density (A) and parasite numbers (B) in 3 brain regions in both high- and low-infection treatment groups. Different letters indicate the statistical difference between the different brain regions given by a Tukey post-hoc test, and the stars indicate a statistical difference between the 2 infection treatments (low and high). In all groups, n ¼ 8. Brain surface parasite density is defined as the number of parasites per square millimeter of brain surface area.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.