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458 results for “incubator”
Fig. 1 in The First Experience In New Technologies Of Breeding And Semi-Natural Eggs Incubation Of Northern Emys Orbicularis In Glass-House Aquaculture In Latvia
Fig. 1. Scheme of the construction of the experimental glass-house: 1 – building of the Centre; 2 – filter and air compressor part; 3, 4, 5 – unused in the experiment parts of the basin; 6, 7 – experimental parts of the basin; 8, 9 – places for eggs-laying; two small red-yellow circles – A and B points of measurement of temperature on concrete shore and in water.
Fig. 4 in The First Experience In New Technologies Of Breeding And Semi-Natural Eggs Incubation Of Northern Emys Orbicularis In Glass-House Aquaculture In Latvia
Fig. 4. Plot of fitted model for temperature of sun-basking place (Tsunbask) and temperature of water in the basin (Twater) of the glass-house herpetoculture of E.orbicularis.
Fig. 2 in The effect of water pH on the incubation and larviculture of curimbatá Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae)
Fig. 2. Growth curves in total length of the Prochilodus lineatus larvae after 16 days of larviculture. The results are grouped in the different pH values used in the incubation.
Fig. 1 in The effect of water pH on the incubation and larviculture of curimbatá Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae)
Fig. 1. Experimental design elaborated for the incubation and larviculture stages of Prochilodus lineatus. 1 In the treatments tested in the larviculture, the first number represents the incubation pH history and the second the pH in which the larviculture took place. The larviculture treatments will be described in this fashion throughout the text. * Treatment not accomplished due to an almost total mortality in the incubation stage.
On the relationship between methane production in anaerobic incubations of peat material and in-situ methane emissions
<p>These files are meant to accompany the publication:</p> <p><strong><span>On the relationship between methane production in anaerobic incubations of peat material and in-situ methane emissions </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span>Alexandra B. Cory<sup>1</sup>, Rachel M. Wilson<sup>1*</sup>, Olivia C. Ogles<sup>1</sup>,<sup> </sup>Patrick M. Crill<sup>2</sup>, Zhen Li<sup>3</sup>, Kuang-Yu Chang<sup>3</sup>, Samantha Bosman<sup>1</sup>, EMERGE Project Coordinators<sup>4</sup>, Isogenie Field Team<sup>5</sup>, Virginia I. Rich<sup>3</sup>, and Jeffrey P. Chanton<sup>1</sup></span></strong></p> <p><a name="_Hlk72229759"></a><sup><span>1</span></sup><span><span>Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, <a name="_Hlk72229408"></a>USA</span></span></p> <p><span><sup><span>2</span></sup></span><span><span>Dept of Geological Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University; Stockholm, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden</span></span></p> <p><a name="_Hlk72229459"></a><sup><span>3</span></sup><span><span>Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA</span></span></p> <p><sup><span>4</span></sup><span>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley, CA, USA.</span></p> <p><sup><span>5</span></sup><span>EMERGE Project Coordinators list of authors and affiliations appears in Acknowledgements.</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>Corresponding author: Rachel M. Wilson (rmwilson@fsu.edu) </span></p> <p><span>Key Points:</span></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span><span>Laboratory incubations predict field methane emissions from a peatland</span></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span><span>Interannual variation is best represented by the modeled results</span></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span><span>Daily-scale variation is driven by processes other than temperature and water table depth</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>This paper is being submitted for consideration for publication and includes the following archived files:</span></p> <p>The file:</p> <p> </p> <p><span><span>(1)<span> </span></span></span>UPLOAD_chamber_CO2_and_CH4_with_T.xlsx contains 3 tabs of data measured from the field: (1) CH4 daily, (2) CO2 daily, (3) temp.</p> <p> </p> <p>The first tab, CH4 daily contains the measured methane fluxes from the field auto chambers spanning 2012-2018. Column headers are</p> <p><span> </span>Date:<span> </span>date of year measurement taken</p> <p><span> </span>DOY:<span> </span>day of year measurement taken</p> <p><span> </span>seqday: sequential day of measurement since 01/01/2002</p> <p>year: year of measurement</p> <p>site: indicates the autochamber site from which the data are measured</p> <p>cH4_flx (mg CH4/m2/d): measured methane emission in milligrams CH<sub>4</sub> per m<sup>2</sup> per day</p> <p>gC/m2/d: fluxes in grams of C per m<sup>2</sup> per day</p> <p>gC/m2/y: fluxes in grams of C per m<sup>2</sup> per year</p> <p> </p> <p>The second tab, CO2 daily contains the measured CO2 fluxes from the field auto chambers spanning 2012-2018. Column headers are similar to the CH4 daily tab revised for CO2 when appropriate.</p> <p> </p> <p>The third tab, temp provides the temperature in the peat below the surface at 50cm, 20cm and 10cm for 2012-2018.</p> <p> </p> <p><span><span>(2)<span> </span></span></span>UPLOAD_Incubation_All_Temp_Timesaeries_Data.xlsx contains the CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> production for the incubation vials at the various temperature treatments. The headers are:</p> <p>Habitat: indicates the habitat type from which the incubated peat was taken</p> <p>Depth: indicates shallow (9-19cm) peat vs. deep (25-35cm) peat</p> <p>Temp_C: indicates the temperature at which the incubation was conducted in °C</p> <p>Sample: gives a laboratory unique sample identification code</p> <p>Day: indicates day of incubation</p> <p>CH4_umoles_gDry: is the accumulated CH<sub>4</sub> production in micromoles per g dry weight of peat</p> <p>CO2_umoles_gDry: is the accumulated CO<sub>2</sub> production in micromoles per g dry weight of peat.</p> <p> </p> <p><span><span>(3)<span> </span></span></span>Fen Python Code and Bog Python Code contain all the files required to recreate the modeling results for the Fen and bog respectively. <span> </span></p> <p><span> </span></p>
Рис. 7. Интенсивность насиживания кΛаΔки в час (N = 84). ПериоΔы насиживания: 1 — 1–3 Δень; 2 — 4–6 Δень; 3 — 7–9 Δень; 4 — 10–12 Δень; 5 — 13–16 Δень Fig. 7. Intensity of clutch incubation per hour (N = 84). Incubation periods: 1 — 1–3 days; 2 — 4–6 days; 3 — 7–9 days; 4 — 10–12 days; 5 — 13–16 days in in the Ussuri region
Рис. 7. Интенсивность насиживания кΛаΔки в час (N = 84). ПериоΔы насиживания: 1 — 1–3 Δень; 2 — 4–6 Δень; 3 — 7–9 Δень; 4 — 10–12 Δень; 5 — 13–16 Δень Fig. 7. Intensity of clutch incubation per hour (N = 84). Incubation periods: 1 — 1–3 days; 2 — 4–6 days; 3 — 7–9 days; 4 — 10–12 days; 5 — 13–16 days
Fig. 3 in Effect of humidity on fecundity and egg incubation of Frankliniella bispinosa and Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Fig. 3. Mean daily fecundity (± SE) of Frankliniella bispinosa and F. occidentalis for data pooled across time intervals in laboratory experiments at constant 23 °C and 4 relative humidity levels. Means with the same letter are not significantly different according to ANOVA and subsequent Tukey's HSD test (α = 0.05).
Fig. 2 in Effect of humidity on fecundity and egg incubation of Frankliniella bispinosa and Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Fig. 2. Mean fecundity (± SE) per female of Frankliniella occidentalis at 12 h intervals in laboratory experiments at constant 23 °C and 4 relative humidity levels.
Fig. 1 in Effect of humidity on fecundity and egg incubation of Frankliniella bispinosa and Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Fig. 1. Mean fecundity (± SE) per female of Frankliniella bispinosa at 12 h intervals in laboratory experiments at constant 23 °C and 4 relative humidity levels.
Fig. 4 in Effect of humidity on fecundity and egg incubation of Frankliniella bispinosa and Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Fig. 4. Mean time of egg hatch (± SE) for Frankliniella bispinosa and F. occidentalis in laboratory experiments at constant 23 °C and 4 relative humidity levels. Means with the same letter are not significantly different according to ANOVA and subsequent Tukey's HSD test (α = 0.05).
Assembly, annotation, and read counts for 2016 Sargasso Sea incubations
<p>Data sets for:</p> <p>Lampe RH, Wang S, Cassar N, and Marchetti A. (in prep) Strategies among phytoplankton in response to alleviation of nutrient stress in a subtropical gyre.</p> <p>File descriptions:</p> <ul> <li>site1_clust99.fa.gz - Assembled contigs for site 1 after clustering based on 99% similarity.</li> <li>site2_clust99.fa.gz - Assembled contigs for site 2 after clustering based on 99% similarity.</li> <li>site1_results.tsv.gz - annotations and counts for each contig from site 1 (tab-delimited)</li> <li>site2_results.csv.gz - annotations and counts for each contig from site 2 (tab-delimited)</li> </ul>
Incubation data, CO2 and CH4 flux data and soil properties of thaw slump soils on Kurungnakh, Lena Delta in July 2016 and July 2019
<p>CO2 and CH4 rates from incubations and potential fluxes: This dataset contains rates of CO2 and CH4 production and the potential CO2 and CH4 emission rates calculated from these incubation fluxes</p> <p>in situ CO2 and CH4 chamber fluxes: This dataset contains CO2 and CH4 fluxes measured with closed chambers from different sites on Kurungnakh in July 2016 and July 2019</p> <p>simulated soil temperature and modelled CO2 fluxes: This dataset contains daily mean soil temperature data simulated with JSBACH for 2016 and the annual CO2 fluxes simulated with a Q10 model and the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM)</p> <p>thaw depth, TOC in active layer, soil temperature 2016: This dataset contains the thaw depth, TOC pools in the active layer and the soil temperature during the measurement period in July 2016</p> <p>thaw depth, TOC in active layer, soil temperature 2019: This dataset contains the thaw depth, TOC pools in the active layer and the soil temperature during the measurement period in July 2019</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Individual optimization of reproductive investment and the cost of incubation in a wild songbird
<p>Despite keen interest in life-history trade-offs and the costs of reproduction, evidence that increased parental allocation reduces subsequent breeding productivity is mixed. Some of this uncertainty is attributable to environmental heterogeneity in space and time, necessitating multi-year field experiments. Across three breeding seasons, we cross-fostered clutches between nests to manipulate females' incubation duration in a wild population of Carolina wrens, a small songbird species in which only females incubate, to test for the cost of incubation on current and future reproduction. Prolonged incubation affected maternal productivity within seasons, impacting their current offspring post-hatching and their probability of breeding subsequently, both in a manner that depended upon the current environment and level of maternal investment (initial egg and brood size), suggesting incubation effort is optimized according to other components of investment and individual quality. Effects of incubation duration on subsequent fledging success and nestling condition varied between years, being costly in one year, beneficial in another, and neutral in the third. Thus, our results suggest that the costs of increased incubation effort were almost entirely dependent upon the maternal quality and environmental variation, thus demonstrating the importance of multi-year experiments for robust inference of the costs of reproduction and evolution of life histories.</p>
Haemosporidian parasites and incubation period influence plumage coloration in tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae)
<p><span>Birds are visually oriented and use their plumage coloration as an important signaling trait in social communication. Males and females may have different patterns of plumage coloration, a phenomenon known as sexual dichromatism. Because males tend to have more complex plumages, sexual dichromatism is usually attributed to female choice. However, plumage coloration is partly condition-dependent, therefore other selective pressures affecting individuals' success may also drive the evolution of this trait. Here we used tanagers to study the relationships between dichromatism and plumage coloration complexity with parasitism by haemosporidians, investment in reproduction, and life-history traits. We screened blood samples from 2849 birds belonging to 52 tanager species for detecting haemosporidian parasites. We used publicly available data for plumage coloration, bird phylogeny, and life-history traits to run models with plumage dichromatism and complexity in males and females. We found that dichromatism was more pronounced in bird species with higher prevalence of haemosporidian parasites. Lastly, females with high plumage coloration complexity were associated with a longer incubation period. Our results indicate an association between haemosporidian parasites and plumage coloration suggesting that parasites impact mechanisms of both sexual selections, increasing differences between sexes, and social (non-sexual) selection, driving females to develop more complex colorations. </span></p>
Example of determination of C. niloticus embryonic age through the egg band during an artificial incubation at 30.5°C
<p>Example of determination of C. niloticus embryonic age through the egg band during an artificial incubation at 30.5°C.</p> <p>(valid only for eggs incubated at a temperature around 30.5°C)</p>
REACH Incubator - open-call #2 Awarded SME dataset
<p>This file contain public dataset describing the awarded SME during the 2nd round of the REACH Incubator project.</p>
Latitude and Ringed Plover Incubation
<p>Dataset and R code for analysis of Ringed Plover incubation behaviour, plus some example clips from the Tobseda population, and the custom code used to extract data from BORIS output.</p>
Data from: Maternal provisioning interacts with incubation temperature to affect hatchling mercury exposure in an oviparous reptile
<p>The thermal environment experienced by developing embryos can influence the utilization of maternally-provisioned resources. Despite being particularly consequential for oviparous ectotherms, these dynamics are largely unexplored within ecotoxicological frameworks. Here, we test if incubation temperature interacts with maternally-transferred mercury to affect subsequent body burdens and tissue distributions of mercury in hatchling American alligators (<em>Alligator mississippiensis</em>). Nine clutches of alligator eggs were collected from a mercury-contaminated reservoir and incubated at either female- or male-promoting temperatures. Total mercury (THg) concentration was measured in egg yolk collected during incubation and in a suite of tissues collected from hatchlings. THg concentrations in residual yolk and blood were higher in hatchlings incubated at cooler, female-promoting temperatures compared to the warmer, male-promoting temperatures. THg concentrations in most tissues were positively correlated with THg concentrations in blood and dermis, and egg yolk THg concentration was the best predictor of THg concentration in many resultant tissues. Our results highlight a hereto unknown role of the developmental environment in mediating tissue specific uptake of contaminants in an oviparous reptile.</p>
Anaerobic Methane Oxidation is Quantitatively Important in Deeper Peat Layers of Boreal Peatlands: Evidence from in situ Stable Isotopes Depth Profiles, Anaerobic Incubations, and Microbial Communities
<p>Dataset contains complete result of laboratory anaerobic incubations with peat samples from 3 West Siberian peatlands.</p> <p>Before the incubation, the peat samples were thoroughly mixed to ensure homogeneity. Aliquots (140 ± 1 g) were mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1:2 by weight, and then placed into sterile 500 ml glass bottles, flushed with pure argon (99.9999%, Voessen, Russia) for 5 min to remove any oxygen and sealed with butyl rubber septa to maintain anaerobic conditions. The bottles were kept at +5°C for 1 day to allow the equilibration between the peat and the headspace. Then bottles were again thoroughly flushed with argon for 5 min, sealed, and an additional 5 ml of argon was added to prevent air diffusion into the bottle headspace. The incubation was performed in two different ways: i) unamended control, and ii) amended with 10 ml of CH<sub>3</sub>F to inhibit acetotrophic methanogenesis. Peat samples from the depths of 15-20 and 40-50 cm were incubated at 15° and 10°C, respectively, for a period of 60 days, whereas deeper peat samples were incubated at 5°С, representing the temperature of the deeper peat layers of Mukhrino bog during the snow-free period for 150 days. Gas (1 mL for Н<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, 1 mL for stable isotope compositions) and liquid (1 mL for organic acids) samples were taken for analysis every two weeks after manually shaking the bottles for approximately 5 s to equilibrate the gaseous and aqueous phases. At the end of the incubation, methane headspace concentrations ranged from 1 to 3 % for deeper samples. The incubations with and without CH<sub>3</sub>F addition were carried out in three replicates for samples from Mukhrino bog and in two replicates for Chistoe and Lempino bogs. Net methane and CO<sub>2</sub> production were calculated from the gas concentrations, the volume of the gas space, and the water volume using the ideal gas law. Gas solubility was calculated using Henry’s law. The reported net methane and CO<sub>2</sub> production are the averages of 2-3 replicates.</p> <p>See further details in a paper with the same title and the first author.</p>
Brown and white layer pullet hybrids show different fear responses towards humans, but what role does light during incubation play in that?
<p>Good early life conditions are increasingly recognized as essential to animal welfare later in life. The use of light during incubation might improve coping capacities and welfare in later life in poultry, by more closely approximating chicken natural environments compared to the current conventional incubation in darkness. Previous studies showed that lighted incubation resulted in more lateralized chicks, a more pronounced daily behavior rhythm, earlier onset of melatonin rhythms, and lower stress reactions to various stressors after hatching. Most existing research, however, has been conducted on broilers, and little information on lighted incubation is available for laying hens. In the current research, Dekalb White and ISA Brown eggs were incubated in complete darkness or in a cycle of green 12L:12D throughout incubation, and five fear of human tests were performed on the 387 chickens during the rearing phase. We expected dark-incubated chickens to show stronger fear responses than light-incubated chickens. That was only the case for one of 15 behavior measurements taken during the tests (<em>p</em> < 0.05). In addition, white layer hybrids are known to be flightier and more fearful than brown hybrids. In this study, white chickens indeed showed stronger fear responses than brown chickens in 12 of the 15 behavior measurements (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.002). Furthermore, we expected light during incubation to have stronger effects on white chickens than on brown chickens, because of the stronger transmission of light through white eggshells. However, the interaction between hybrid and incubation was never significant (<em>p</em> ≥ 0.18). Finally, contrary to our expectations, there was no effect of the incubation treatments or the hybrid on plasma corticosterone responses to a manual restraint test (<em>p</em> ≥ 0.36). Since there was a hybrid effect on behavior in this test, it is reasonable to think that behavior reflected coping style, rather than fear level. To conclude, the light regime used in this study does not seem as promising as expected to improve laying hen welfare. Finally, the brown hybrid was usually less fearful than the white hybrid, though there were some exceptions depending on the stressor, and that should be taken into account in research and in laying hen management.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.