Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2020View details →

Reconstructing development of the earliest seed integuments raises a new hypothesis for the evolution of ancestral seed‐bearing structures

This dataset contains three-dimensional model files for Genomosperma specimens LM19 (K1; Long, 1960), LM22, LM1 (L1; Long, 1960), and LM23, supporting the paper ‘Reconstructing development of the earliest seed integuments raises a new hypothesis for the evolution of ancestral seed‐bearing structures' published in New Phytologist <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16792">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16792</a>. These models are saved in a single ZIP compressed folder as four SPV files and also four VAXML datasets in separate folders. All files are labelled with the working/specimen number they represent. SPV files are able to be viewed in SPIERSview, part of the free SPIERS software package (http://spiers-software.org/). The VAXML datasets comprise a VAXML file that provides metadata specifying how to put together accompanying STL files which define the geometry of the objects in the dataset. [Unzipped total size 1.74GB].

Figures 46-51 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 46-51 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. v-signata: (46) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (47) Dorsal region (AB-method); (48) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining); (49) Ventrolateral region (AB-method); (50) Ventral region (HE-staining); (51) Ventral region (AB-method). Melanophores (_) occur in the spongious dermis that is poorly developed in the dorsal region. The EK-layer (Æ) is a continuous layer in all integument regions. Apocrine glands (¬) with heterogeneous content occur in both ventrolateral and ventral regions. Serous glands are visualized in both dorsal and ventrolateral integument. Mixed glands () are observed in the ventral region. E = epidermis; CD = compact dermis.

Figures 41-45 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 41-45 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. trapicheroi: (41) Dorsal region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (42) Dorsal region (AB-method); (43) Ventrolateral region (AB-method); (44) Ventral region (HE-staining); (45) Ventral region (AB-method). Melanophores (_) occur in the spongious dermis of the dorsal integument, and in the ventrolateral region as isolated groups. They are absent in the ventral integument. In the dorsal region, the EK-layer (Æ) is continuous and well stained by the AB-method. Isolated serous glands (Ø) occur in all integument regions. The apocrine glands with granular content (¬) are visualized in the ventrolateral integument, where they are more developed. In the ventral region, cutaneous elevations (â) are also separated by grooves. The dermis contains several small blood vessels. E= epidermis; CD = compact dermis.

Figures 27-31 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 27-31 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. humilis: (27) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (28) Dorsal region (AB-method); (29) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining) (30) Ventral region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (31) Ventral region (AB-method). In the dorsal region, the spongious dermis is poorly developed. Melanophores (_) are visualized in all integument regions; however, iridophores (→) are visualized only in both dorsal and ventrolateral integument. Both pigment cells are located just beneath the epidermis. Alcianophilic reaction is observed in cytoplasm of iridophores as well as in the EK-layer (Æ) of the dorsal integument. The EK-layer is absent in the ventral integument. Apocrine glands with heterogeneous content (¬) occur in both ventrolateral and ventral integument. In S. humilis, mixed glands (Ú) are visualized in the ventral region, being formed by serous and mucous cells. Mucous cells exhibit alcianophilic reaction. E = epidermis; CD = compact dermis.

Figures 11-13 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 11-13 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. albicans: (11) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (12) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining); (13) Ventral region (AB-method). In all integument regions, the epidermis (E) rests on the dermis, which is subdivided into the spongious dermis (SD) and the compact dermis (CD). Iridophores (→) occur in the dorsal region; however, they are absent in both ventrolateral and ventral regions. Melanophores (_) in the spongious dermis. Both serous (Ø) and apocrine glands (¬) occur in the spongious dermis. No glandular cell reacts to AB-method, suggesting that secretory units is made up of serous cells. The EK-layer (Æ) exhibits its typical basophilic staining. Note clusters of apocrine glands (¬) with heterogeneous content in the ventrolateral integument. The EK-layer () exhibits typical alcianophilic reaction of its glycoconjugate content. Large blood vessels occur in the hypodermis.

Figures 1-10 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 1-10 - Photograph of the species: (1) O. albicans; (2) O. angrensis; (3) O. flavoguttata; (4) S. hayii; (5) O. humilis; (6) O. perpusilla; (6) S. similis; (8) O. trapicheroi; (9) O. v-signata; (10) S. x-signatus.

Figures 36-40 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 36-40 - Light micrograph of the integument of S. similis: (36) Dorsal region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (37) Dorsal region (AB-method); (38) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining); (39) Ventral region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (40) Ventral region (AB-method). Melanophores (_) and iridophores (→) organized as chromatophore units occur in both dorsal and ventrolateral integument. Iridophores exhibit alcianophilic reaction. Note serous glands (Ø) and apocrine glands with granular content (¬) in the spongious dermis. In the ventral region, cutaneous elevations (¬) are separated by prominent grooves (Ú). The EK-layer (Æ) occur in the dorsal integument but not in the ventral integument. Moreover, the epidermis (E) of the ventral region is more developed than other integument regions. E = epidermis; CD = compact dermis; H = hypodermis.

Figures 22-26 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 22-26 - Light micrograph of the integument of S. hayii: (22) Dorsal region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (23) Dorsal region (AB-method); (24) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining) (25) Ventral region (AB-method); (26) Ventral region (HE-staining). In the dorsal integument, exocrine glands are more frequent, mainly the serous glands (Ø). Melanophores (_) occur in the spongious dermis, even around the secretory portion of glands. Note clusters of apocrine glands with heterogeneous content (¬)in the spongious dermis of the ventrolateral integument. The EK-layer (Æ) is continuous in the dorsal integument, but absent in the ventral region. Slight cutaneous elevations (á) in the ventral integument are formed by the epidermis and the dermis, mainly the spongious dermis. They are separated by groves (). CD = compact dermis.

Figures 18-21 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 18-21 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. flavoguttata: (18) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (19) Dorsal region (AB-method); (20) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining) (21) Ventral region (HE-staining). The epidermis (E) is partially keratinized, and the outermost cell layer exhibits the nuclear profiles (→). Melanophores (_) occur in the spongious dermis of both dorsal and ventrolateral regions; they are more frequent in the dorsal integument. Small clusters of apocrine glands with heterogeneous content occur in the ventrolateral integument. In the ventral region, the lipid content (ë), mixed with basophilic material, is easily visualized in the apocrine glands (Fig. 21). In the dorsal region, the EK-layer () is continuous, but discontinuous in the ventrolateral integument, being less alcianophilic in the ventral region when compared to other integument regions. CD = compact dermis; H = hypodermis.

Figures 32-35 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 32-35 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. perpusilla: (32) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (33) Dorsal region (AB-method); (34) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining) (35) Ventral region (AB-method). The spongious dermis houses both apocrine glands with heterogeneous content (¬) and serous glands (Ø). Melanophores (_) occur in the dorsal integument, but they are not identified in either the ventrolateral or ventral region. Iridophores did not occur in all integument regions. The EK-layer (Æ) is a well defined continuous layer occurs as irregular deposits between the spongious and compact dermis of the ventral region. Cutaneous elevations (â) are separated by grooves (Ú) in the ventral region. CD = compact dermis.

Figures 14-17 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 14-17 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. angrensis: (14) Dorsal region (AB-staining); (15) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining), inset (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (16) Ventral region (HE-staining); (17) Ventral region (AB-method). The melanophores (_) are numerous and located just beneath of the epidermis as well as around de glandular secretory units. They occur also in the hypodermis, but absent in the ventral integument. Iridophores (→) occur in the spongious dermis of the dorsal region just beneath the epidermis. No iridophore is visualized in the ventral region of the integument. Clusters of apocrine glands (¬) with heterogeneous intake predominate at ventrolateral integument; inset of Fig. 15: Observe the granular content with dense stained core () intermingled with cytoplasm material (*). The EK-layer () is continuous in the ventral region, but discontinuous in the ventral integument. Serous glands (Ø) occur in all body regions. Note blood vessels (Æ) in the spongious dermis. CD = compact dermis.

Figures 52-55 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 52-55 - Light micrograph of the integument of S. x-signatus: (52) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (53) Dorsal region (AB-method); (54) Ventrolateral region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (55) Ventral region (Mallory´s trichrome staining). The epidermis (E) is slightly ticker when compared to those of other hylids, as in the compact dermis (CD). Melanophores (_) are visulized in both dorsal and ventrolateral integument just beneath the epidermis. Serous glands are present in all regions; however, some of them show slightly alcianophilic content (→) in both ventrolateral and ventral regions. The apocrine glands (¬) with granular content occur in both dorsal and ventrolateral regions. The EK-layer (Æ) is visualized in both dorsal and ventrolateral integument but is absent in the ventral integument.

FIGURE 12 in The integument of pelagic crocodylomorphs (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae)

FIGURE 12. Metriorhynchidae indet., NKMB-P-Watt06/ 508, dorsal region of middle tail, with longitudinal and transversal skin folding, along with a nest of irregularities (grey knobs). Width of frame equals approximately 7.6 cm.

FIGURE 8 in The integument of pelagic crocodylomorphs (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae)

FIGURE 8. Dakosaurus sp., DMA-JP-2009/001, anatomically proximal continuation of Figure 7. On the lower left and right, the dark patches (white arrows) expose a skin layer that is overlain by the bright matter in most of the preserved skin. Width of frame equals approximately 8.2 cm.

FIGURE 3 in The integument of pelagic crocodylomorphs (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae)

FIGURE 3. Metriorhynchidae indet., LF 3474, scattered patches of skin preservation in visible light, from partially disarticulated trunk. A: Fold systems with dominant and additional orientations. B: Sharp lines forming a net of cracks or distinctly flexed folds; displaced portion with unknown body orientation. C: Displaced patch as in A in a wider section, with at least one circular irregularity in the lower part (arrow). D: Soft folding of skin surface, exposed near to the knee. E: Potential bundles of muscle fibers (horizontal), with oblique crossing fold traces on the right (chest, anterior to pectoral girdle). F: Softly folded integument associated to the ischium (upper middle). All with mm scale.

FIGURE 14 in The integument of pelagic crocodylomorphs (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae)

FIGURE 14. Metriorhynchidae indet., NKMB-P-Watt06/508, middle tail with soft tissue preservation. A: Visible light image with structural details of the skin, mostly folding, and knob-like irregularities (some indicated by arrows). Width of frame equals approximately 30.6 cm. B: UV image with darker bluish signals probably reflecting varnish. Width of frame equals approximately 33.9 cm.

FIGURE 10 in The integument of pelagic crocodylomorphs (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae)

FIGURE 10. Dakosaurus sp., DMA-JP-2009/001, close-ups of skin irregularities, courtesy of Yanina Herrera, used with permission. A: Large oval scar, see also Figures 8 and 9. Width of frame equals approximately 4.5 cm. B: Circular scar representing the most abundant type and size of skin irregularities in this specimen, adjacent to blurred, open irregularity, see also Figures 6A, 7, and upper edge of Figure 9. Width of frame equals approximately 4.5 cm. C: Circular scar retaining the texture of uninterrupted skin, see also Figure 7 and 9. Width of frame equals approximately 5.5 cm.

FIGURE 5 in The integument of pelagic crocodylomorphs (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae)

FIGURE 5. Dakosaurus sp., DMA-JP-2009/001, skin preservation on dorsal margin of trunk. A: Shoulder area, skin with transversal fibers and associated folding, visible light. Width of frame equals approximately 18.2 cm. B: Lumbar region, similar structures as in A, under UV. Width of frame equals approximately 20.5 cm.

FIGURE 25. Teleosauroid SMNS 10985 in The integument of pelagic crocodylomorphs (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae)

FIGURE 25. Teleosauroid SMNS 10985 (formerly assigned to Steneosaurus), right hind leg with soft tissue preservation. Courtesy of Erin Maxwell, used with permission. Scale bar equals 10 cm.