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236 results for “leaf morphology”
Divergence time and environmental similarity predict the strength of morphological convergence in stick and leaf insects
<p>This uploads contains the datasets, phylogenetic tree and associated R code used to generate the results reported in the article: "Divergence time and environmental similarity predict the strength of morphological convergence in stick and leaf insects" published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA (2024).<br>A detailed explanation of datasetS1 can be found in the supplementary data of the article. </p>
Data for: Dissecting the genetic architecture of leaf morphology traits in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wizcek) using genome‐wide association study
<p><span>Mungbean (<em>Vigna radiata</em> (L) Wizcek) is an important pulse crop, increasingly used as a source of protein, fiber, low fat, carbohydrates, minerals, and bioactive compounds in human diets. Mungbean is a dicot plant with trifoliate leaves. Leaves are central to various plant processes like photosynthesis, light interception, and overall canopy structure. The objectives were to study leaf morphological traits, use image analysis to extract leaf traits from images from the Iowa Mungbean Diversity (IMD) panel, develop a regression model for the prediction of leaflet area, and conduct association mapping for leaf morphological traits. We collected more than 5000 leaf images of the IMD panel consisting of 484 accessions over two years (2020 and 2021) with two replications per experiment. Leaf traits were extracted using image analysis, analyzed, and used for association mapping. Morphological diversity included leaflet type (oval or lobed), leaflet size (small, medium, large), lobed angle (shallow, deep), and vein coloration (green, purple). A regression model was developed to predict each ovate leaflet's area (adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.97; residual standard errors of <= 1.10). The candidate genes <em>Vradi01g07560</em>, <em>Vradi05g01240</em>, <em>Vradi02g05730</em>, and <em>Vradi03g00440</em>, are associated with multiple traits (length, width, perimeter, and area) across the leaflets (left, terminal, and right). These are suitable candidate genes for further investigation in their role in leaf development, growth, and function. Future studies will be needed to correlate the observed traits discussed here with yield or important agronomic traits for use as phenotypic or genotypic markers in marker-aided selection methods for mungbean crop improvement.</span></p>
Morphology, anatomy and photosynthesis data for two leaf types of Ficus pumila
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Plants that display heteroblasty possess conspicuous variations in leaf morphology between their juvenile and adult phases, with certain species retaining juvenile-like leaves even in adulthood. Nevertheless, the ecological advantages of maintaining two or more distinct leaf types in heteroblastic plants at the adult stage remain unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the adaptive significance of heteroblastic leaves sampled from branches with divergent functions (sterile and fertile branches) of mature <em>Ficus pumila</em> individuals by comparing their morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics. Leaves on sterile branches (LSs) exhibited a significantly larger specific leaf area, thinner palisade and spongy tissues, lower chlorophyll contents, and lower light saturation points than leaves on fertile branches (LFs). These results demonstrate that LSs are better adapted to low light environments, while LFs are well equipped to take advantages of high light conditions. However, both LFs and LSs have a low light compensation point with no significant difference between them, indicating that they start to accumulate photosynthetic products under same light conditions. Interestingly, significant higher net photosynthetic rate was detected in LFs, showing they have higher photosynthetic capacity. Furthermore, LFs produced significant more nutrients compared to LSs, which may associate to their ability of accumulating more photosynthetic products under full light conditions and higher photosynthetic capacity. Overall, we observed a pattern of divergence in morphological features of leaves on two functional branches. Anatomical and physiological features indicate that LFs have an advantage in varied light conditions, providing amounts of photosynthetic products to support the sexual reproduction, while LSs adapt to low light environments. Our findings provide evidence that heteroblasty facilitates <em>F. pumila</em> to utilize varying light environments, likely associated with its growth form as a climbing plant. This strategy allows the plant to allocate resources more effectively and optimize its overall fitness.</span></p>
Data from: Links between leaf morphology and ecological strategy across secondary succession in a temperate deciduous forest (North Carolina, USA): Implications for the fossil record
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Leaf morphological data of oak species from two sampling sites
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Data From: Respiratory temperature responses of tropical conifers differ with leaf morphology
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Influence of tree height and age on leaf drip-tip morphology in lowland tropical rain forest trees
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Morphology, anatomy and photosynthesis data for two leaf types of Ficus pumila
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Broad- and small-scale environmental gradients drive variation in chemical, but not morphological, leaf traits of vascular epiphytes
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Data from: Thermal tolerance is linked to anatomical but not morphological leaf traits in woody species of Andean tropical montane forests
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Data from: Leaf morphological traits show greater responses to changes in climate than leaf physiological traits and gas exchange variables
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Data for: Dissecting the genetic architecture of leaf morphology traits in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wizcek) using genome‐wide association study
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Distribution. Extent of this species' dis tribution is not yet known; recorded with certainty in Morocco, Senegal, Saudi Ara bia, and Yemen. It is thought to be con tinuously distributed from Mauritania and Senegal E to South Sudan, Ethiopia, and Eritrea. However, boundary between this species and the morphologically identical H. coffer is not known. in Family Hipposideridae (Old World Leaf-nosed Bats)
Distribution. Extent of this species' dis tribution is not yet known; recorded with certainty in Morocco, Senegal, Saudi Ara bia, and Yemen. It is thought to be con tinuously distributed from Mauritania and Senegal E to South Sudan, Ethiopia, and Eritrea. However, boundary between this species and the morphologically identical H. coffer is not known.
Data from: Molecular phylogenetics and the evolution of fruit and leaf morphology of Dichaea (Orchidaceae: Zygopetalinae)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The orchid genus Dichaea, with over 100 species found throughout the neotropics, is easily recognized by distichous leaves on long stems without pseudobulbs and flowers with infrastigmatic ligules. The genus has previously been divided into four sections based primarily on presence of ovary bristles and a foliar abscission layer. The aim of this work is to use DNA sequence data to estimate phylogenetic relationships within Dichaea and map the distribution of major morphological characters that have been used to delimit subgenera/sections. METHODS: Sequence data for the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers and plastid matK, trnL intron, trnL-F spacer and ycf1 for 67 ingroup and seven outgroup operational taxonomic units were used to estimate phylogenetic relationships within Dichaea. Taxa from each of the four sections were sampled, with the greatest representation from section Dichaea, the most diverse and taxonomically puzzling group. KEY RESULTS: Molecular data and morphology support monophyly of Dichaea. Results indicate that section Dichaeopsis is polyphyletic and based on symplesiomorphies, including deciduous leaves and smooth ovaries that are widespread in Zygopetalinae. There are at least three well-supported clades within section Dichaeopsis. Section Pseudodichaea is monophyletic and defined by setose ovaries and leaves with an abscission layer. Sections Dichaea and Dichaeastrum are monophyletic and defined by pendent habit and persistent leaves. Section Dichaeastrum, distinguished from section Dichaea primarily by a glabrous ovary, is potentially polyphyletic. CONCLUSIONS: The leaf abscission layer was lost once, occurring only in the derived sections Dichaea and Dichaeastrum. The setose fruit is a more homoplasious character with several losses and gains within the genus. We propose an informal division of the genus based upon five well-supported clades.
Figure 2 in Morphology of the adult and immatures of a striking new species of leaf-mining Brachys Dejean from Brazil (Buprestidae, Agrilinae)
Figure 2. Brachys cleidecostae sp. nov. Aedeagus (dorsal). Scale bar: = 0.5 mm.
Data from: Decoupled evolution of foliar freezing resistance, temperature-niche and morphological leaf traits in Chilean Myrceugenia
1. Phylogenetic conservatism of tolerance to freezing temperatures has been cited to explain the tendency of plant lineages to grow in similar climates. However there is little information about whether or not freezing resistance is conserved across phylogenies, and whether conservatism of physiological traits could explain conservatism of realized climatic niches. Here we compared the phylogenetical lability of realized climatic niche, foliar freezing resistance, and four morphological leaf traits that are generally considered adaptations to frost resistance in Chilean species of Myrceugenia, which grow in a wide range of habitats. 2. We estimated the predicted niche occupancy profiles with respect to minimum temperature (minT) of all species. We measured foliar freezing resistance (using chlorophyll fluorescence), leaf size, leaf mass per area (LMA), stomatal and trichome densities of ten individuals per species. Finally, we estimated phylogenetic signal and we performed independent contrast analyses among all variables. 3. We found that both foliar freezing resistance and minT were subject to a significant phylogenetic signal, but the former had a stronger signal. We also detected a significant but weak correlation between them (r=0.49, pone tail= 0.04). Morphological traits evolved independent of any phylogenetic effect. Synthesis. Our results show that freezing resistance evolved in association with temperature niche, but with some delay that could result from phylogenetic inertia. Our results also show that morphological leaf traits are more labile than realized climatic niche and frost tolerance and the former probably evolved associated to microhabitat preferences.
FIGURE 163 in Comparative morphology of internal reproductive systems in leaf beetles of the Donaciinae and Criocerinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and its implication for the phylogeny
FIGURE 163. Strict consensus of two most parsimonious trees estimated from characters of the reproductive systems. Filled squares indicate non-homoplasious characters. Numbers above squares represent characters.
FIGURES 119–138 in Comparative morphology of internal reproductive systems in leaf beetles of the Donaciinae and Criocerinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and its implication for the phylogeny
FIGURES 119–138. Female internal reproductive systems of the Criocerinae. 119, 120: Crioceris quatuordecimpunctata, 121: Lema (Lema) cirsicola, 122: Le. (Le.) concinnipennis, 123: Le. (Le.) coronata, 124: Le. (Le.) diversa, 125: Le. (Le.) michioi, 126, 127: Le. (Microlema) decempunctata, 128: Le. (Petauristes) honorata, 129, 130: Lilioceris (Bradyceris) lewisi, 131, 132: Li. (Lilioceris) parvicollis, 133: Li. (Li.) rugata, 134, 135: Li. (Li.) subpolita, 136, 137: Oulema dilutipes, 138: O. oryzae. 120, 127, 130, 132, 135, 137: Enlarged lateral view of bursa copulatrix and spermathecal organ. BC: Bursa copulatrix; CO: common oviduct; Ov: ovary; SptOrg: spermathecal organ.
FIGURES 139–162 in Comparative morphology of internal reproductive systems in leaf beetles of the Donaciinae and Criocerinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and its implication for the phylogeny
FIGURES 139–162. Spermathecal organs of the Criocerinae. 139: Crioceris quatuordecimpunctata, 140, 141: Lema (Lema) cirsicola, 142–144: Le. (Le.) concinnipennis, 145, 146: Le. (Le.) coronata, 147: Le. (Le.) delicatula, 148: Le. (Le.) diversa, 149, 150: Le. (Le.) michioi, 151, 152: Le. (Le.) scuterallis, 153: Le. (Microlema) decempunctata, 154, 155: Le. (Petauristes) honorata, 156: Lilioceris (Bradyceris) lewisi, 157: Li. (Lilioceris) parvicollis, 158: Li. (Li.) rugata, 159, 160: Li. (Li.) subpolita, 161: Oulema dilutipes (spermathecal capsule only), 162: O. oryzae. 141, 143, 144 (reversed), 146, 150, 152: Enlarged. SptC: Spermathecal capsule; SptCd: distal part of spermathecal capsule; SptCp: proximal part of spermathecal capsule; SptD: spermathecal duct; SptGl: spermathecal gland; SptM: spermathecal muscle.
FIGURES 92–103 in Comparative morphology of internal reproductive systems in leaf beetles of the Donaciinae and Criocerinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and its implication for the phylogeny
FIGURES 92–103. Armatures of the internal sac of the subgenus Lema. 92, 93: Lema (Lema) cirsicola, 94, 95: Le. concinnipennis, 96, 97: Le. coronata, 98: Le. delicatula, 99: Le. diversa, 100, 101: Le. michioi, 102, 103: Le. scuterallis. 93, 95, 97, 101, 103: Enlarged basal part. Left dorsal, middle lateral, and right ventral views.
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