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133 results for “long-term experiment”
Data to support the publication "Impact of agricultural management on soil aggregates and associated organic carbon fractions: Analysis of long-term experiments in Europe"
<p><strong>Raw data:</strong> Experimental plot ids and information, mass distribution of all aggregate fractions after wet sieving, Sand content of each fraction to conduct the sand correction, mass distribution of all fractions after isolating the micro-aggregates held within the macroaggregates, yields per treatment, carbon content per fraction (raw data)</p> <p><strong>All data per plot: </strong>SOC content, MAOM and POM content of each fraction presented in the fractionation scheme included in the manuscript, together with the mass of the relative fractions. </p> <p> </p>
Long-term Intersite Decomposition Experiment (LIDET)
LIDET is the LTER Longterm Intersite Decomposition Experiment Team. It is a leaf, wood, and root decomposition study carried out at 28 LTER and other sites including LUQ. The duration of the study is designed to be approximately 10 yrs at temperate zone sites and approximately 3 yrs at tropical zone sites because of higher decomposition rates there. The same decomposing materials, litter bags, and study design are used at all sites to facilitate intersite comparisons. Not all species were used at all sites. Six leaf litter species were used extensively at all sites that cover a range of leaf quality to permit a comparison of effects of litter quality and climate on decomposition. The others were present in the study as "wild cards", with at least one species contributed by each site. Three species of roots, and one species of wood were used. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
SBC LTER: Long-term experiment: Kelp Removal: Transect depth data
These data summarize depth information (mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) for all of the transects surveyed as part of the SBC LTER Long Term Kelp Removal Experiment. All data are expressed in meters, referenced to mean lower low water (MLLW). Each value is the result of 160 observations, four at each meter (n=160). The sampling locations in this dataset are 40 meter transects at four reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA. These data were recorded in 2010.
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: Algal Biomass
These data are taxon-specific estimates of macroalgal standing biomass (grams dry mass m-2) recorded in 40 m x 2 m transects in of each sampling plot at SBC LTER's long-term kelp removal experiment sites. Estimates of macroalgal biomass are derived from measurements of abundance that are recorded as either density or percent cover. Density data are combined with allometric measurements to yield estimates of standing dry mass for taxa whose abundance is measured as density. Mean dry mass per individual is also reported for taxa whose abundance is measured as density. Taxon-specific data of percent cover are converted to biomass using relationships derived from field measurements of percent cover and laboratory measurements of dry mass. Data are updated annually. The kelp removal experiment was initiated in 2008 at four reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. The following three giant kelp manipulations are maintained in sampling plots at each site: - Control: Macrocystis pyriferais left intact in a 2000 m2plot. - Annual removal: Macrocystis pyriferais removed from an adjacent 2000 m2plot once each winter and allowed to re-colonize over the course of the year. - Continuous removal: Macrocystis pyriferais removed from a 200 m2area within the 2000 m2 plot on each sampling date.
Dataset of physical, biological and chemical soil properties from 10 European long-term experiments
<p>This dataset contains all measurements that were conducted within the Workpackage #2 of the SoilX Project (2022-2024). The data contains physical, chemical and biological soil parameters that were measured in ten European long-term field experiments, as well as soil management indicators calculated with the SoilManageR packager for R. Each data table contains different parameters, and they can be linked by the identifying columns (LTE, treatment, depth, block, replicate). Further information can be found in the ReadMe.txt.</p> <pre> </pre>
Code and Data associated with "Idiosyncratic purifying selection on metabolic enzymes in the long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli"
<p>Code and data sufficient to reproduce analyses in "Idiosyncratic purifying selection on metabolic enzymes in the long-term evolution experiment with <em>Escherichia coli</em>".</p>
Long-term biochar and soil organic carbon stability– Evidence from field experiments in Germany-ROW DATA
<p> Row data for researcher paper Long-term biochar and soil organic carbon stability– Evidence from field experiments in Germany</p>
Evolution of reproductive isolation in a long-term evolution experiment with Drosophila melanogaster: 30 years of divergent life history selection
<p>We ask if three decades and over 1,500 generations of divergent life history selection on age at reproduction has resulted in the evolution of reproductive isolation (RI) between laboratory populations of <em>Drosophila</em> <em>melanogaster</em>. We tested for premating, postmating-prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive isolation between 3 replicate population pairs. Large evolved differences in body size between selection treatments suggested the potential for prezygotic barriers driven by sexual selection or physical incompatibilities between the sexes. Although a simple prediction would be preference for larger size, creating directional isolation, our results from individual mate choice trials indicate that populations from both selection treatments show a marked bias towards homotypic mate choice; indicative of prezygotic RI driven by sexual selection or sexual conflict. Hybridization between the focal populations resulted in the production of viable adult flies with intermediate size and developmental traits. We observed a suggestive but statistically non-significant trend of fitness decline in the F2 generation of hybrids, but no significant evidence suggesting the evolution of postmating-prezygotic or postzygotic RI. Our findings are in accord with extant literature that posits that premating RI evolves before postmating forms of RI.</p>
Evolution of reproductive isolation in a long-term evolution experiment with Drosophila melanogaster: 30 years of divergent life history selection
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Long-term studies of secondary succession and community assembly in the prairie-forest ecotone of eastern Kansas, Old-field succession experiment
Local and regional-scale processes interact to govern the assembly, diversity and functioning of ecological communities. Evaluating the interplay of these differently-scaled processes in the regulation of ecological systems is a challenging problem, but is crucial towards understanding and predicting the potential effects of accelerated human activity on biological diversity and ecosystem sustainability. Since 2000, two long-term field experiments have been underway in grasslands of eastern Kansas to investigate the interplay of soil resource availability, species interactions and regional processes governing plant secondary succession, community assembly, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning. Both experiments involve manipulations of soil nutrients in permanent grassland study plots and employ multi-species seed addition treatments to evaluate the contribution of dispersal limitation and regional constraints on local species pools to the regulation of plant community dynamics. Old-field succession experiment, previously funded by the National Science Foundation, was initiated in 2001 in a section of the abandoned hay field that was sprayed with herbicide, plowed and disked prior to the start of the study to investigate plant community dynamics in the context of old-field succession initiated on bare soil. The experimental design involves factorial experimental gradients of nitrogen (N) supply (four levels of N fertilization), phosphorus (P) supply (two levels of P fertilization) and plant propagule input achieved by adding seeds of 50+ native and naturalized species to half of the study plots. With annual sampling this experiment allows us to examine old-field succession and community assembly unfolding along gradients of N and P fertilization and under conditions of ambient and experimentally-enriched species pools.
Long-term Carbon and Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Dynamics of Leaf and Fine Root Litter project (LIDET-Long-term Intersite Decomposition Experiment Team) data for the ARC, Arctic LTER. 1990 to 2000.
This file is from the Long-term Carbon and Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Dynamics of Leaf and Fine Root Litter project (LIDET-Long-term Intersite Decomposition Experiment Team). This file contains only the Arctic LTER data. In particular the mass looses over the ten year study. Three types of fine roots (graminoid, hardwood, and conifer), six types of leaf litter (which ranged in lignin/nitrogen ratio from 5 to 75), and wooden dowels were used for litter incubations over a ten year period.
A Test of the Repeatability of Measurements of Relative Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
<p>Experimental studies of evolution using microbes have a long tradition, and these studies have increased greatly in number and scope in recent decades. Most such experiments have been short in duration, typically running for weeks or months. A venerable exception, the long-term evolution experiment (LTEE) with <i>Escherichia coli</i> has continued for 30 years and 70,000 bacterial generations. The LTEE has become one of the cornerstones of the field of experimental evolution, in general, and the BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, in particular. Science laboratories and experiments usually have finite lifespans, but we hope that the LTEE can continue far into the future. There are practical issues associated with maintaining such a long-term experiment. One issue, which we address here, is whether key measurements made at one time and place are reproducible, within reasonable limits, at other times and places. This issue comes to the forefront when one considers moving an experiment like the LTEE from one lab to another. To that end, the Barrick lab at the University of Texas at Austin, measured the fitness values of samples from the 12 LTEE populations at 2,000, 10,000, and 50,000 generations and compared the new data to data previously obtained at Michigan State University. On balance, the datasets agree very well. More generally, this finding shows the value of simplicity in experimental design, such as using a chemically defined growth medium and appropriately storing samples from microbiological experiments. Even so, one must be vigilant in checking assumptions and procedures given the potential for uncontrolled factors (e.g., water quality) to affect outcomes. This vigilance is perhaps especially important for a trait like fitness, which integrates all aspects of organismal performance and may therefore be sensitive to any number of subtle environmental influences.</p>
A stocktaking of European mid- and long-term experiments dealing with the application of external organic matter (EJP SOIL - EOM4SOIL - D 3.1.1)
<p>Extending and optimizing recycling of organic wastes in agriculture is a key element in shifting conventional agriculture towards systems adapted to both energy depletion and climate change. Long-term field experiments (LTEs) play a crucial role in assessing and modelling the effects of repeated exogenous organic matter (EOM) application to soil, which allows to formulate locally adapted recommendations of use. <br>Nevertheless, a specific database focussing on LTEs dealing with organic fertilization in Europe were missing. To close this gap, we listed LTEs dealing with repeated application of EOM from existing online databases, and collected and harmonized all available metadata. The aim of this work was threefold: (1) to facilitate connections between comparable LTEs to foster data harmonization and compilation, (2) to map the diversity of pedoclimatic contexts and experimental designs in the LTE list and, (3) to highlight current knowledge gaps and research needs. <br>Data were collected from five online databases, allowing us to describe 201 LTEs. Key characteristics such as trial name, responsible institution, location, pedoclimatic context, duration, crop type and availability of online resources are well-described in contrast to LTE goal and owner contact, experimental design, soil type, studied EOM and monitored parameters (EOM characteristics, soil and crop properties), which are more difficult to gather and harmonize. The analysis of LTE metadata highlighted first that substantial harmonization efforts are required, particularly regarding the reporting of soil, crop and EOM properties over time. Second, the survey outlines that some European regions are poorly represented in the database, which may result either from an absence of LTE or from a lack of reporting. To close this gap, we call LTE managers to complete the current database with any missing relevant LTE or additional metadata, using the editable online repository attached to this document. In the future, improvement of predictive models could contribute to provide recommendations of EOM use to uncovered situations, whether in terms of soil, climate or type of EOM. Third, long-term effects on soil properties such as changes in soil biology composition or accumulation of organic contaminants (PFAS, microplastics, antibiotics, ...) appear to be poorly documented. LTEs have a key role to play in answering these emerging questions, having the potential to provide the rationale to fix acceptable thresholds in soils and EOMs for emerging pollutants and accordingly provide the best possible guidelines for the use of EOM in agriculture. </p> <p>See related report at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14161379" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14161379</a>.</p>
Data supporting "Can Long-Term Experiments Predict Real Field N and P Balance and System Sustainability? Results from Maize, Winter Wheat, and Soybean Trials Using Mineral and Organic Fertilisers"
<p>Data supporting "Can Long-Term Experiments Predict Real Field N and P Balance and System Sustainability? Results from Maize, Winter Wheat, and Soybean Trials Using Mineral and Organic Fertilisers" by Piccoli et al. (2021) Agronomy 2021, 11, 1472. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081472</p>
A set of videos recorded upon long-term thermocycling experiments carried out by using small containers filled with PCM candidates
<p> </p> <p>Electronic Supplementary Material for Deliverable 2.7 "<strong>Report on the final heat storage block design and long term reliability experiments".</strong></p> <p>A set of fast-forward videoclips compiled based on the images recorded during the long-term experiments on small containers filled with PCM candidates and subjected to thermocycling procedure including consecutive melting/solidification. Details on involved materials and applied temperature profiles are described in D2.7.</p> <p> </p> <p>The list of attached movies:</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>2908</strong>: Si+B mixture (3.2B wt%)/small container made of pure h-BN HeBoSint D100 (Henze, Germany)</p> <p><strong>2909</strong>: Si+B mixture (3.2B wt%)/small container made of h-BN composite HeBoSint O120 (Henze, Germany)</p> <p><strong>2910</strong>: Si+B mixture (3.2B wt %)/small container made of porous graphite (Kryzaplast, Poland)</p> <p><strong>2911</strong>: Si+B mixture (3.2B wt %)/small container made of h-BN composite HeBoSint O120 (Henze, Germany)</p> <p><strong>2969:</strong> Fe-Si-B alloy produced by NTNU/small container made of dense graphite IG-15 (Tanso, Sweden)</p> <p><strong>2970</strong>: Fe-Si-B alloy produced by NTNU/small container made of pure h-BN HeBoSint D100 (Henze, Germany)</p> <p><strong>2971:</strong> Fe-Si-B alloy produced by NTNU/small container made of h-BN composite HeBoSint O120 (Henze, Germany)</p> <p>A more detailed description of the experimental complex is shown elsewhere:</p> <p>Sobczak N, Nowak R, Radziwill W, Budzioch J, Glenz A, Experimental complex for investigations of high temperature capillarity phenomena, Mater Sci Eng A 495 (2008) 43–49</p>
Data from: Evolution of a cross-feeding interaction following a key innovation in a long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli
<p>The evolution of a novel trait can profoundly change an organism's effects on its environment, which can in turn affect the further evolution of that organism and any coexisting organisms. We examine these effects and feedbacks following the evolution of a novel function in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment (LTEE) with <em>Escherichia</em> <em>coli</em>. A characteristic feature of <em>E. coli</em> is its inability to grow aerobically on citrate (Cit<sup>−</sup>). Nonetheless, a Cit<sup>+</sup> variant with this capacity evolved in one LTEE population after 31,000 generations. The Cit<sup>+</sup>clade then coexisted stably with another clade that retained the ancestral Cit<sup>−</sup> phenotype. This coexistence was shaped by the evolution of a cross-feeding relationship based on C<sub>4</sub>-dicarboxylic acids, particularly succinate, fumarate, and malate, that the Cit<sup>+</sup> variants release into the medium. Both the Cit<sup>−</sup> and Cit<sup>+</sup> cells evolved to grow on these excreted resources. The evolution of aerobic growth on citrate thus led to a transition from an ecosystem based on a single limiting resource, glucose, to one with at least five resources that were either shared or partitioned between the two coexisting clades. Our findings show that evolutionary novelties can change environmental conditions in ways that facilitate diversity by altering ecosystem structure and the evolutionary trajectories of coexisting lineages.</p>
Poor developmental conditions decrease adult body size and egg size, but not egg laying rate and survival throughout adulthood: A long-term experiment in a precocial bird
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A Test of the Repeatability of Measurements of Relative Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
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Phenotypic, fitness and environmental data in support of the publication: selection favors adaptive plasticity in a long-term reciprocal transplant experiment
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Data from: Phenological responses to multiple environmental drivers under climate change: insights from a long-term observational study and a manipulative field experiment
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.