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83 results for “lower jaw”
FIGURE 1 in Lower Jaw of Spathites (Ammonoidea: Acanthoceratoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Mexico
FIGURE 1. Map and stratigraphic section showing the locality of Spathites puercoensis (Herrick and Johnson, 1900) and its aptychus.
FIGURE 3. A in Lower Jaw of Spathites (Ammonoidea: Acanthoceratoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Mexico
FIGURE 3. A. Ventral view of the lower jaw (arrows) comprising two calcareous plates (= the aptychus). B. Close-up of the median hinge (arrow) between the two calcareous plates. C. Close-up of the broadly concave anterior margin (arrow) of the left plate. D. Close-up of the posterior margin (arrow) of the left plate near the median hinge showing the comarginal ribs. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Text-fig. 7. Photo of a skull with lower jaw of a cave lion subadult female (registration number is Ok-139786), discovered in layer C of sector 4 of the Under the Ladder test pit. Photo by V. Káňa. in The Mammalian Fauna Of Barová Cave (Moravian Karst, The Czech Republic)
Text-fig. 7. Photo of a skull with lower jaw of a cave lion subadult female (registration number is Ok-139786), discovered in layer C of sector 4 of the Under the Ladder test pit. Photo by V. Káňa.
Text-fig. 5. Remains of the jaw apparatus of ammonoids from the Mospyne Formation. a: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). b: Part of the jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). c: Upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). d: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). e: Lower (?) jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4); the arrow indicates the trace fossil. f: Part of the lower jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 8). Scale bars 2 mm. in Late Bashkirian Ammonoids From The Mospyne Formation Of The Donets Basin, Ukraine
Text-fig. 5. Remains of the jaw apparatus of ammonoids from the Mospyne Formation. a: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). b: Part of the jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). c: Upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). d: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). e: Lower (?) jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4); the arrow indicates the trace fossil. f: Part of the lower jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 8). Scale bars 2 mm.
Figure 3. – Lepisosteus platostomus. Left jaw. A in Histological characteristics of lower jaw bones and oral teeth of the short nose gar, Lepisosteus platostomus Rafinesque, 1820 (Lepisosteidae)
Figure 3. – Lepisosteus platostomus. Left jaw. A: Axial section of a caniniform tooth showing the apical cap of acrodin (ac) above the dentine cone (de), the collar enamel (en) that covers the tooth shaft, the dentine folds in the pulp cavity (pc), and the coronoid bone (cb). Scale bar = 500 μm. B: Detail of the apex of the tooth showing the odontoblastic canaliculi (arrow). Scale bar = 20 μm. C: Transverse section of a caniniform tooth showing the external ridges (arrows) and the dentine folds (arrowheads) in the pulp cavity (pc). The dentine is overlain by a thin collar enamel (en) covering the tooth shaft and participating in the folds. Scale bar = 100 μm. D: The section crosses through three small lingual teeth that show minute folds in their pulp cavity. A caniniform tooth can be seen at the bottom left. Scale bar = 50 μm.
Figure 2. – Lepisosteus platostomus. A in Histological characteristics of lower jaw bones and oral teeth of the short nose gar, Lepisosteus platostomus Rafinesque, 1820 (Lepisosteidae)
Figure 2. – Lepisosteus platostomus. A: External view of the left lower jaw showing the caniniform teeth on the labial side of the jaw. The largest tooth (arrow) is located at the anterior tip of the jaw. On the lingual side of the jaw there are small sharp teeth (arrowheads). Scale bar = 5 mm. In the inset a detail of a caniniform tooth showing the external ridges at its base (arrowhead). Scale bar = 1 mm. B-D: Right jaw. B: Cross section of the jaw (microradiograph) showing five small teeth inserted on a coronoid bone (upper left) plus a larger tooth on the dentary. The white asterisk indicates the unmineralized Meckel's cartilage on the left hand side of the dentary (de). Scale bar = 2.5 mm. In the inset a microradiograph of a caniniform tooth and its attachment bone (bo), also showing its dentine core (arrowhead) with the apical acrodin cap (arrow). C: Parasagittal median section of the jaw (microradiograph) showing five caniniform teeth. The dentine folds occupy the total height of the pulp cavities. On the left one can also see five hypermineralized acrodin caps. Scale bar = 2 mm. D: Parasagittal lingual section of the jaw (microradiograph) showing the small lingual teeth series some of them showing minute mineralized folds in the pulp cavity. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Suction feeding turned on its head: a functional novelty facilitates lower jaw protrusion
<p>Functional novelties play important roles in creating new ways for organisms to access resources. In fishes, jaw protrusion has been attributed to the massive diversity of suction-based feeding systems, facilitating the dominant mode of prey capture in this group. Nearly all fishes that feed by suction use upper jaw protrusion, achieved by rotation of the mandible at its base, which then transmits forward motion to independently mobile upper jaw bones. In this study, by contrast, we explore an unusual form of lower jaw protrusion in the freshwater invertivore, <em>Nannocharax fasciatus</em>, enabled by a novel intramandibular joint (IMJ). We combine morphological, kinematic, and biomechanical data to show that the added mobility created by the IMJ influences the pattern of suction-based prey capture movements and contributes to lower jaw protrusion (increasing it by 25%, based on biomechanical modeling). Interestingly, the upper jaw bones are fused in <em>N. fasciatus</em> and rotate about a single fixed joint, like the lower jaws of most other suction feeding fishes. We suggest that this vertical inversion of the jaw protrusion mechanism for ventrally directed suction-feeding on benthic prey is a likely exaptation, as the IMJ is used for biting in related taxa. This work highlights the ability of novelties to facilitate ecological specialization by enabling new functional capabilities.</p>
FIG. 17. Hsiangolestes youngi lower jaw, IVPP V7435 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 17. Hsiangolestes youngi lower jaw, IVPP V7435: A. left lateral and B. right lateral views.
Data from: Lower jaw modularity in the African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) and Fire Salamander (Salamandra salamandra gigliolii)
<p>Modularity describes the degree to which the components of complex phenotypes vary semi-autonomously due to developmental, genetic, and functional correlations. This is a key feature underlying the potential for evolvability, as it can allow individual components to respond to different selective pressures semi-independently. The vertebrate lower jaw has become a model anatomical system for understanding modularity, but to date, most of this work has focused on the mandible of mammals and other amniotes. In contrast, modularity in the mandible of lissamphibians has been less well-studied. Here, we used geometric morphometrics to quantify the static (intraspecific) modularity patterns in <em>Xenopus laevis</em> and <em>Salamandra salamandra gigliolii.</em> We tested developmental and functional hypotheses of modularity and demonstrate that both species exhibit significant modularity. Functional modularity was supported in <em>Xenopus</em>, yet the lack of definitive support for both the developmental and functional hypotheses in <em>Salamandra</em> suggests influences on modularity are much more complex. Allometry has a small yet significant impact on lower jaw shape in both taxa and sex has a significant effect on shape in <em>Xenopus</em>. The high modularity seen in both species mimics the results of other studies on the amphibian cranium, suggesting that modularity is a ubiquitous feature of the tetrapod jaw.</p>
Study Comparing OsseoSpeed™ Implants of Two Different Lengths in the Upper and Lower Posterior Jaw
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00545818. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 5. Publications: 2.
The Anesthetic Efficacy of 3% Mepivacaine Plus 2% Lidocaine With 1:100,000 Epinephrine for Lower Jaw Dental Injections
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01574807. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Study Evaluating OsseoSpeed™ Narrow Implant in the Upper and Lower Anterior Jaw
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00646113. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 6. Publications: 4.
Study on OsseoSpeed™ Implants in Patients Missing 2-5 Teeth in the Posterior Lower Jaw, Restored With Permanent Teeth Attached 6-7 Weeks Later
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00711425. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
Data from: Lower jaw modularity in the African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) and Fire Salamander (Salamandra salamandra gigliolii)
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Suction feeding turned on its head: a functional novelty facilitates lower jaw protrusion
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Widespread convergence towards functional optimisation in the lower jaws of crocodile-line archosaurs
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Data from: Computed tomography, anatomical description and three-dimensional reconstruction of the lower jaw of Eusthenopteron foordi Whiteaves, 1881 from the Upper Devonian of Canada
The cranial anatomy of the iconic early tetrapod Eusthenopteron foordi is probably the best understood of all fossil fishes. In contrast, the anatomy of the lower jaw – crucial for both phylogenetics and biomechanical analyses – has been only superficially described. Computed tomography data of three Eusthenopteron skulls were segmented using visualization software to digitally separate bone from matrix and individual bones from each other. Here, we present a new description of the lower jaw of Eusthenopteron based on microcomputed tomography data, including the following: detailed description of sutural morphology and the mandibular symphysis; confirmed occurrence of pre- and intercoronoid fossae on the dorsal aspect of the lower jaw; and the arrangement of the submandibular bones. Furthermore, we identify a novel dermal ossification, the postsymphysial, present on the anteromedial aspect of the lower jaw in Eusthenopteron and describe its distribution in other stem tetrapod taxa. Sutural morphology is used to infer load regimes and, along with overall skull and lower jaw morphology, suggests that Eusthenopteron may have used biting along with suction feeding to capture and consume large prey. Finally, visualization software was used to repair and reconstruct the lower jaw, resulting in a three-dimensional digital reconstruction.
Data from: A lower jaw of Palaeoxonodon from the Middle Jurassic of the Isle of Skye, Scotland, sheds new light on the diversity of British stem therians
The Middle Jurassic was a key interval of mammalian evolutionary history that witnessed the diversification of the therian stem-group. Great Britain has yielded a significant record of mammalian fossils from this interval, represented by numerous isolated jaws and teeth from the Bathonian of Oxfordshire and the Isle of Skye. This record captures a key period in early cladotherian evolution, with amphitheriids, peramurans and "stem zatherians" displaying intermediate talonid morphologies that document the evolutionary assembly of tribosphenic molars. We present a mandible with near-complete dentition from the late Bathonian (ca. 167.4–166.5 Ma) Kilmaluag Formation, near Elgol, Skye, representing the amphitheriid Palaeoxonodon ooliticus, previously known only from isolated teeth. The specimen sheds new light on the taxonomic diversity of British Middle Jurassic stem therians, as the morphological variation within the preserved tooth row encompasses that previously ascribed to three distinct species within two genera: Palaeoxonodon ooliticus, P. freemani, and Kennetheridium leesi. Thus, both P. freemani and Kennetheridium leesi are subjective junior synonyms of P. ooliticus. The dental formula of P. ooliticus (i4:c1:p5:m5) is intermediate between the primitively larger postcanine count (p5:m6-7) of Amphitherium and the reduced number in peramurans and tribosphenidans (p5:m3). Phylogenetic analyses of P. ooliticus generally confirm a close affinity with Amphitherium, but highlight the lack of strong empirical support for hypothesized patterns of divergences among early cladotherians.
Figure 8. Partial lower jaw MNHN.F INA 21 in Revision of the enigmatic crocodyliform Elosuchus felixi de Lapparent de Broin, 2002 from the Lower-Upper Cretaceous boundary of Niger: potential evidence for an early origin of the clade Dyrosauridae
Figure 8. Partial lower jaw MNHN.F INA 21 of Fortignathus felixi (de Lapparent de Broin) comb. nov.: A, B, photograph and illustrative sketch in right lateral view; C, D, photograph and illustrative sketch in left lateral view. Abbreviations: d1–d15, dentary alveoli from positions 1 to 15; sp, splenial.
Figure 10. Partial lower jaw MNHN.F INA 22 in Revision of the enigmatic crocodyliform Elosuchus felixi de Lapparent de Broin, 2002 from the Lower-Upper Cretaceous boundary of Niger: potential evidence for an early origin of the clade Dyrosauridae
Figure 10. Partial lower jaw MNHN.F INA 22 of Fortignathus felixi (de Lapparent de Broin) comb. nov.: A, B, photograph and illustrative sketch in left lateral view; C, D, photograph and illustrative sketch in right lateral view. Abbreviations: d1–d6, dentary alveoli from positions 1 to 6.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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