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88 results for “marine environment”
Data for: Macroevolution in axial morphospace: Innovations accompanying the transition to marine environments in elapid snakes
<p><span>Sea snakes in the <em>Hydrophis</em>-<em>Microcephalophis</em> clade (Elapidae) show exceptional body shape variation along a continuum from similar forebody and hindbody girths, to dramatically reduced girths of the forebody relative to hindbody. The latter is associated with specialisations on burrowing prey. This variation underpins high sympatric diversity and species richness and is not shared by other marine (or terrestrial) snakes. Here, we examined a hypothesis that macroevolutionary changes in axial development contribute to the propensity, at clade level, for body shape change. We quantified variation in the number and size of vertebrae in two body regions (pre- and post-apex of the heart) for ~94 terrestrial and marine elapids. We found <em>Hydrophis</em>-<em>Microcephalophis</em> exhibit increased rates of vertebral evolution in the pre- versus post-apex regions compared to all other Australasian elapids. Unlike other marine and terrestrial elapids, axial elongation in <em>Hydrophis</em>-<em>Microcephalophis</em> occurs via the preferential addition of vertebrae pre heart apex, which is the region that undergoes concomitant shifts in vertebral number and size during transitions along the relative fore- to hindbody girth axis. We suggest that this macroevolutionary developmental change has potentially acted as a key innovation in <em>Hydrophis</em>-<em>Microcephalophis</em> by facilitating novel (especially burrowing) prey specialisations that are not shared with other marine snakes.</span></p>
Data from: Feeding environment and other traits shape species' roles in marine food webs
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Data from: Rapid radiation in a highly diverse marine environment
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Data for: Macroevolution in axial morphospace: Innovations accompanying the transition to marine environments in elapid snakes
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Energetic constraints on body-size niches in a resource-limited marine environment
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Galaxias maculatus occurrence data in marine and freshwater environments in rivers of southern Chile
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Single-cell RNA-seq of the rare virosphere reveals the native hosts of giant viruses in the marine environment
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Marine soundscape variation reveals insights into baleen whales and their environment: a case study in central New Zealand
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Genetic response to human‐induced habitat changes in the marine environment: A century of evolution of European sprat in Landvikvannet, Norway
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Data from: Barriers to gene flow in the marine environment: insights from two common intertidal limpet species of the Atlantic and Mediterranean
Knowledge of the scale of dispersal and the mechanisms governing gene flow in marine environments remains fragmentary despite being essential for understanding evolution of marine biota and to design management plans. We use the limpets Patella ulyssiponensis and Patella rustica as models for identifying factors affecting gene flow in marine organisms across the North-East Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. A set of allozyme loci and a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome C oxidase subunit I were screened for genetic variation through starch gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing, respectively. An approach combining clustering algorithms with clinal analyses was used to test for the existence of barriers to gene flow and estimate their geographic location and abruptness. Sharp breaks in the genetic composition of individuals were observed in the transitions between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean and across southern Italian shores. An additional break within the Atlantic cluster separates samples from the Alboran Sea and Atlantic African shores from those of the Iberian Atlantic shores. The geographic congruence of the genetic breaks detected in these two limpet species strongly supports the existence of transpecific barriers to gene flow in the Mediterranean Sea and Northeastern Atlantic. This leads to testable hypotheses regarding factors restricting gene flow across the study area.
Data from: Marine communities on oil platforms in Gabon, West Africa: high biodiversity oases in a low biodiversity environment
The marine biodiversity of Gabon, West Africa has not been well studied and is largely unknown. Our examination of marine communities associated with oil platforms in Gabon is the first scientific investigation of these structures and highlights the unique ecosystems associated with them. A number of species previously unknown to Gabonese waters were recorded during our surveys on these platforms. Clear distinctions in benthic communities were observed between older, larger platforms in the north and newer platforms to the south or closer to shore. The former were dominated by a solitary cup coral, Tubastraea sp., whereas the latter were dominated by the barnacle Megabalanus tintinnabulum, but with more diverse benthic assemblages compared to the northerly platforms. Previous work documented the presence of limited zooxanthellated scleractinian corals on natural rocky substrate in Gabon but none were recorded on platforms. Total estimated fish biomass on these platforms exceeded one ton at some locations and was dominated by barracuda (Sphyraena spp.), jacks (Carangids), and rainbow runner (Elagatis bipinnulata). Thirty-four percent of fish species observed on these platforms are new records for Gabon and 6% are new to tropical West Africa. Fish assemblages closely associated with platforms had distinct amphi-Atlantic affinities and platforms likely extend the distribution of these species into coastal West Africa. At least one potential invasive species, the snowflake coral (Carijoa riisei), was observed on the platforms. Oil platforms may act as stepping stones, increasing regional biodiversity and production but they may also be vectors for invasive species. Gabon is a world leader in terrestrial conservation with a network of protected areas covering >10% of the country. Oil exploration and biodiversity conservation currently co-exist in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems in Gabon. Efforts to increase marine protection in Gabon may benefit by including oil platforms in the marine protected area design process.
Data from: Ecosystem biomonitoring with eDNA: metabarcoding across the tree of life in a tropical marine environment
Effective marine management requires comprehensive data on the status of marine biodiversity. However, efficient methods that can document biodiversity in our oceans are currently lacking. Environmental DNA (eDNA) sourced from seawater offers a new avenue for investigating the biota in marine ecosystems. Here, we investigated the potential of eDNA to inform on the breadth of biodiversity present in a tropical marine environment. Directly sequencing eDNA from seawater using a shotgun approach resulted in only 0.34% of 22.3 million reads assigning to eukaryotes, highlighting the inefficiency of this method for assessing eukaryotic diversity. In contrast, using 'tree of life' (ToL) metabarcoding and 20-fold fewer sequencing reads, we could detect 287 families across the major divisions of eukaryotes. Our data also show that the best performing 'universal' PCR assay recovered only 44% of the eukaryotes identified across all assays, highlighting the need for multiple metabarcoding assays to catalogue biodiversity. Lastly, focusing on the fish genus Lethrinus, we recovered intra- and inter-specific haplotypes from seawater samples, illustrating that eDNA can be used to explore diversity beyond taxon identifications. Given the sensitivity and low cost of eDNA metabarcoding we advocate this approach be rapidly integrated into biomonitoring programs.
Data from: Previously unknown evolutionary groups dominate the ssDNA gokushoviruses in oxic and anoxic waters of a coastal marine environment
Metagenomic studies have revealed that ssDNA phages from the family Microviridae subfamily Gokushovirinae are widespread in aquatic ecosystems. It is hypothesized that gokushoviruses occupy specialized niches, resulting in differences among genotypes traversing water column gradients. Here, we use degenerate primers that amplify a fragment of the gene encoding the major capsid protein to examine the diversity of gokushoviruses in Saanich Inlet, a seasonally anoxic fjord on the coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Amplicon sequencing of samples from the mixed oxic surface (10 m) and deeper anoxic (200 m) layers indicated a diverse assemblage of gokushoviruses, with greater richness at 10 m than 200 m. A comparison of amplicon sequences with sequences selected on the basis of RFLP patterns from eight surface samples collected over a one-year period revealed that gokushovirus diversity was higher in spring and summer during stratification, and lower in fall and winter after deep-water renewal, consistent with seasonal variability within gokushovirus populations. Phylogenetic analysis of clustered amplicons revealed at least five new phylogenetic clades of previously unknown sequences, with the most abundant group associated with viruses that infect SUP05, a ubiquitous and abundant member of marine oxygen minimum zones. Our results provide persuasive evidence that, while specific gokushovirus genotypes may have a narrow host range, hosts for gokushoviruses in Saanich Inlet consist of a wide range of bacterial taxa, including SUP05, a taxonomic clade of gamma proteobacterial sulfur oxidizers. Members of SUP05 are abundant in Saanich Inlet and involved in carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling along the redoxline; thus, gokushoviruses are likely important mortality agents of these bacteria and have consequent influences on biogeochemical cycling in this system.
Cryptophytes: a keystone algal group in the rapidly changing Antarctic Peninsula marine environments - data availability
<p>This dataset contains the results of relative and absolute contributions of cryptophytes derived from the HPLC/CHEMTAX analysis. The data were collected during the late summer (February) between 2008-2018 along the Northern Antarctic Peninsula. The index of photoprotective carotenoid pigments to chlorophyll-<em>a</em> (PPC: Chl-<em>a</em>) used in the study is also presented. </p>
Distribution. The most widely distributed of all cetaceans, found in almost any marine environment from the Equator to both polar zones, including semi-enclosed seas such as the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Gulf of California, Sea of Okhotsk, Yellow Sea, Sea ofJapan, Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea, Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and Ross Sea. in Delphinidae
Distribution. The most widely distributed of all cetaceans, found in almost any marine environment from the Equator to both polar zones, including semi-enclosed seas such as the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Gulf of California, Sea of Okhotsk, Yellow Sea, Sea ofJapan, Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea, Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and Ross Sea.
FIGURES 9 in Marine Achnanthales (Bacillariophyceae) from New Caledonia (Melanesia): assemblage specificities, ultramafic environment
FIGURES 9–. Cocconeis pseudodiruptoides Foged. SEM (New Caledonia, Melanesia). SV hemi-fascia (external view 9, arrow) and slightly sigmoid sternum (9 and 11), complex loculate SV areolae (external views 10 and 11, arrow; internal view 12, arrowhead), RV with a strongly curved raphe ending (external view 14, arrowhead), RV areolae marginal short slits (external view 13, arrowhead), RV apex (external view 15). Scale bars = 3 µm (9, 11, 14), 2 µm (12), 1 µm (15), 500 nm (10), 300 nm (13).
FIGURES –. Rare taxa (SEM, New Caledonia, Melanesia). Cocconeis sp. 2 in Riaux-Gobin et al. 2015 (31, 32), short marginal SV striae between each short raised virgae (31, arrow; 32, arrowhead), SV narrow sternum, siliceous pearls (31), C. sp. 4 in Riaux-Gobin et al. 2015 (33–34), strong marginal crista marginalis, short marginal striae on top of each short raised virga (33, arrow; 34, arrowhead),?C. sp. 5 in Riaux-Gobin et al. 2015 (35–36), short SV striae and a raised axial structure (35, arrow). Scale bars = 3 µm (31), 2 µm (33, 35), 1 µm (32, 36), 500 nm (34). in Marine Achnanthales (Bacillariophyceae) from New Caledonia (Melanesia): assemblage specificities, ultramafic environment
FIGURES –. Rare taxa (SEM, New Caledonia, Melanesia). Cocconeis sp. 2 in Riaux-Gobin et al. 2015 (31, 32), short marginal SV striae between each short raised virgae (31, arrow; 32, arrowhead), SV narrow sternum, siliceous pearls (31), C. sp. 4 in Riaux-Gobin et al. 2015 (33–34), strong marginal crista marginalis, short marginal striae on top of each short raised virga (33, arrow; 34, arrowhead),?C. sp. 5 in Riaux-Gobin et al. 2015 (35–36), short SV striae and a raised axial structure (35, arrow). Scale bars = 3 µm (31), 2 µm (33, 35), 1 µm (32, 36), 500 nm (34).
FIGURES –8. Cocconeis coronatoides Riaux-Gobin & Romero forma 1. SEM (New Caledonia, Melanesia). SVVC partially attached (2, arrowhead), SV areolae domed hymenes with radial slits arranged by sectors (external view 3, arrowhead), marginal RV hyaline area (external view 4, arrowhead), uniseriate striae up to margin (4), open RVVC (5, ellipse), RVVC with irregularly spread fimbriae (6, arrowhead), SVVC still attached, small marginal chambers (internal view 7, arrowhead), SV margin (external view 8). Scale bars = 3 µm (8), 2 µm (2, 4, 7), 1 µm (6), 700 nm (5), 200 nm (3). in Marine Achnanthales (Bacillariophyceae) from New Caledonia (Melanesia): assemblage specificities, ultramafic environment
FIGURES –8. Cocconeis coronatoides Riaux-Gobin & Romero forma 1. SEM (New Caledonia, Melanesia). SVVC partially attached (2, arrowhead), SV areolae domed hymenes with radial slits arranged by sectors (external view 3, arrowhead), marginal RV hyaline area (external view 4, arrowhead), uniseriate striae up to margin (4), open RVVC (5, ellipse), RVVC with irregularly spread fimbriae (6, arrowhead), SVVC still attached, small marginal chambers (internal view 7, arrowhead), SV margin (external view 8). Scale bars = 3 µm (8), 2 µm (2, 4, 7), 1 µm (6), 700 nm (5), 200 nm (3).
FIGURES – 0. Cocconeis cf. delapunctata Hohn. SEM (New Caledonia, Melanesia). SV with axial void areas (external views 27–29, arrowheads), possible RV with areas devoid of areolae (30, arrowheads). Scale bars = 2 µm (27–30). in Marine Achnanthales (Bacillariophyceae) from New Caledonia (Melanesia): assemblage specificities, ultramafic environment
FIGURES – 0. Cocconeis cf. delapunctata Hohn. SEM (New Caledonia, Melanesia). SV with axial void areas (external views 27–29, arrowheads), possible RV with areas devoid of areolae (30, arrowheads). Scale bars = 2 µm (27–30).
FIGURE. Sampling sites in Province Sud (New Caledonia) and major mining Ni sites (* i.e.: Thio, Goro, La Tontouta), and major industrial Ni site (circle: Doniambo). in Marine Achnanthales (Bacillariophyceae) from New Caledonia (Melanesia): assemblage specificities, ultramafic environment
FIGURE. Sampling sites in Province Sud (New Caledonia) and major mining Ni sites (* i.e.: Thio, Goro, La Tontouta), and major industrial Ni site (circle: Doniambo).
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.