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62 results for “microwear”
Dust and grit matter: abrasives of different size lead to opposing dental microwear textures in experimentally fed sheep (Ovis aries)
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Tooth microwear and mesowear raw data of the equids and bovids specimens from Lunel-Viel (Middle Pleistocene, France) and Tour-du-Valat research institute (Extend ungulates, France).
<p>Tooth microwear and mesowear raw data of the equids and bovids specimens from Lunel-Viel (Middle Pleistocene, France) and Tour-du-Valat research institute (Extend ungulates, France).</p>
Data from: Microwear-mesowear congruence and mortality bias in rhinoceros mass death assemblages
Although we do not know the cause of death of most fossils, mortality is often associated with ecological stress due to seasonality and other stochastic events (storms, volcanism) that may have caused shifts in feeding ecology preceding death. In these instances, dental microwear, which reflects feeding ecology in a narrow window of time, may provide a biased view of diet. Mesowear, another dental wear proxy based on the morphology of worn cusps, requires macroscopic amounts of dental wear and reflects diet for a longer interval and may be less prone to bias from near-death ecological stress. We compared congruence between microwear and mesowear of North American fossil rhinocerotid mass death assemblages and hunted collections of modern rhinocerotids to test the hypothesis that fossil assemblages yield more incongruous microwear and mesowear results as a result of near-death ecological disturbances. In extant rhinos, both microwear and mesowear are associated with diet and height of the feeding environment. Mesowear and microwear in the modern rhinocerotid collections are statistically correlated with strong relationships between average mesowear scores and labially distributed dental microwear. In contrast, a statistical relationship between mesowear and microwear was not observed among the fossil rhinocerotid assemblages. Mesowear suggests the fossil rhinos had low abrasion diets, suggesting they fed from clean, possibly tall vegetation. Some, but not all mass death assemblages produce microwear data with excessive scratches and/or pits compared to expectations based on mesowear results, suggesting that dental microwear was altered shortly before death in some but not all of the fossil assemblages. The dental wear proxies available to paleoecologists provide a mosaic of dietary evidence reflecting diet over long (mesowear) and more abbreviated (microwear) periods of time that, together, provide a richer understanding of feeding ecology and its relationship to environment, seasonal change, and other ecological disturbances.
Dental raw mesowear and microwear data for Equus ferus and Cervus elaphus from Abreda Cave (levels D-I) and Bora Gran (Spain)
<div> </div> <div>Raw data from the low-magnification analysis (x35) of dental microwear and mesowear analysis of <em>Equus ferus</em> and <em>Cervus elaphus</em> from the Late Pleistocene levels from Abreda Cave (levels D-I) and Bora Gran (Spain).</div>
Dental microwear raw data for cave bears from Kudaro 1 and Kudaro 3 caves
<p>Quantitative data for dental microwear analysis on <em>U</em>. <em>praekudarensis</em>, <em>U</em>. <em>praekudarensis </em>/ <em>kudarensis </em>and <em>U</em>. <em>kudarensis </em>from Kudaro Caves 1 and 3 <span>on the southern slope of the Central Caucasus (42° 31´ N, 43° 38´ E)</span></p>
Dental raw mesowear and microwear data for Equus ferus arcelini from Roc-aux-Sorciers (France)
<p>Raw data from the low-magnification analysis (x35) of dental microwear and mesowear analysis of <em>Equus ferus arcelini</em> from the Magdalenian levels from Roc-aux-Sorciers (France).</p>
Unpublished raw data of dental mesowear and microwear for ungulates from Late Palaeolithic sites from Catalonia (Spain)
<p>Unpublished raw data from the low-magnification analysis (x35) of dental microwear and mesowear of ungulates from the Late Palaeolithic sites in Catalonia: Molí del Salt, Roca dels Bous, Cova del Parco and Montlleó</p>
Data from: A tool for determining duration of mortality events in archaeological assemblages using extant ungulate microwear
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Data from: Microwear-mesowear congruence and mortality bias in rhinoceros mass death assemblages
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Data from: Evidence that metallic proxies are unsuitable for assessing the mechanics of microwear formation and a new theory of the meaning of microwear
Mammalian tooth wear research reveals contrasting patterns seemingly linked to diet: irregularly-pitted enamel surfaces, possibly from consuming hard seeds, vs. roughly-aligned linearly-grooved surfaces, associated with eating tough leaves. These patterns are important for assigning diet to fossils, including hominins. However, experiments establishing conditions necessary for such damage challenge this paradigm. Lucas et al. (2013) slid natural objects against enamel, concluding anything less hard than enamel would rub, not abrade, its surface (producing no immediate wear). This category includes all organic plant matter. Particles harder than enamel, with sufficiently angular surfaces, could abrade it immediately, prerequisites that silica/silicate particles alone possess. Xia et al. (2015) countered with experiments using brass and aluminium balls. Their bulk hardness was lower than enamel, but the latter was abraded. We examined the ball exteriors to address this discrepancy. The aluminium was surfaced by a thin rough oxide layer harder than enamel. Brass surfaces were smoother, but work-hardening during manufacture gave them comparable or higher hardness than enamel. We conclude that Xia et al.'s results are actually predicted by the mechanical model of Lucas et al. To explain wear patterns, we present a new model of textural formation, based on particle properties and presence/absence of silica(tes).
FIGURE 9 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 9. Prevalence of hypoplasia (all types) by species and tooth locus. A- Number of hypoplastic teeth (dark colors) compared to the number of healthy teeth (light colors). B- Frequency of hypoplastic teeth (dark colors) and healthy teeth (light colors). White stands for non-documented loci.
FIGURE 4 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 4. The three different types of hypoplasia considered in this study and the associated measurements. A- Lingual view of right M2 of the specimen MHNT.PAL.2004.0.58 (H. beonense) displaying three types of hypoplasia. B- Interpretative drawing of the photo in A illustrating the hypoplastic defects: a- pitted hypoplasia, b- linear enamel hypoplasia, and c- aplasia. C- Interpretative drawing of the photo in A illustrating the measurements: 1- distance between the base of the defect and the enamel-dentin junction, 2- width of the defect (when applicable).
FIGURE 3 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 3. Principle of mesowear scoring with the main variables illustrated (occlusal relief and cusp shape) and examples on rhinocerotid teeth. A- Typically two parameters are studied in mesowear: cusp shape and occlusal relief. Cusp shape can be sharp, round or blunt, while occlusal relief is whether high or low. Illustration on the upper right M1 of the specimen MHNT.PAL.2004.0.58 (H. beonense). Examples of mesowear scores using the three methods tested in this study (ScoreA, ScoreB, Ruler) are provided on the paracone of the following specimens: B- Right D4 of MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1204 (G2 685; Pl. mirallesi), C- Left M1 and M2 MHNT.PAL.2015.0.277 (Pr. douvillei), D- Left D4 of MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1204 (Béon F2 193; Pl. mirallesi), E- Left D3 and D4 of MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2796 (Pr. douvillei). ScoreA: mesowear score based on Winkler and Kaiser (2011); B- ScoreB: mesowear score adapted from Fortelius and Solounias (2000); C- Ruler: mesowear score based on Mihlbachler et al. (2011).
FIGURE 6 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 6. Comparison of hand- and sand-prepared DMTA surfaces (200x200 µm) by species. Topography and black and white photosimulation of the following specimens: B. brachypus – hand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1262 right m3 (protoconid, shearing facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2830 left m2 (hypoconid, shearing facet); Pr. douvillei – hand prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1228 left m3 (protoconid, grinding facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2758 left m2 ptc (protoconid, grinding facet); Pl. mirallesi – hand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1196 left m2 ptc (protoconid, shearing facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2794 (2002 E2 30) left m1 (hypoconid, shearing facet); H. beonense – hand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1140 left m1 (hypoconid, grinding facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0. 1136.1 right M3 (protocone, grinding facet).
FIGURE 2 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 2. Localization of the microwear facets on rhinocerotid molars. Position of the two microwear facets (grinding and shearing) on the second upper molar (left) and second lower molar (right). Both facets are sampled on the same enamel band with (grinding) or without (shearing) Hunter-Schreger bands (HSB). Modified after Hullot et al. (2019).
Buccal dental microwear micrographs from different Late Prehistory farming groups obtained with optical microscopy
<p><strong>Buccal dental microwear images and database from different Late prehistory farming groups from the Iberian Peninsula analyzed with the Optical Microscope at 100 magnifications.</strong></p> <p>Groups analyzed: Cova de l´Avi (Vallirana, Barcelona), Can Sadurní (Begues, Barcelona), Cova de la Guineu (Font-Rubí, Barcelona), Cova Foradada (Calafell, Tarragona), Cova del Trader (Cubelles, Barcelona), Roc de les Orenetes (Ripollès, Girona), Cova del Gegant (Sitges, Barcelona), Cova dels Galls Carboners (Mont-ral, Tarragona).</p> <p>Methodology explained in: Hernando, R., Fernández-Marchena, J. L., Willman, J. C., Ollé, A., Vergès, J. M., & Lozano, M. (2020). Exploring the utility of optical microscopy versus scanning electron microscopy for the quantification of dental microwear. <em>Quaternary International</em>, <em>569</em>, 5-14.</p> <p>Related paper: Hernando, R; Moreno-Ibáñez, M.Á., Carbonell, E., Cebrià, A., Daura, J., Díez-Canseco, C., Edo, M., Fullola, J., Morales, J.I., Oms, F.X., Ramírez-Pedraza, I., Sanz, M., Subirà, M.E., Tornero, C., Vergès, J.M., Lozano, M. (2024). Eating through time: Understanding dietary practices across late Prehistory in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula. Am. J. Biol. Anthropol. e24950. DOI:10.1002/ajpa.24950</p>
Dental raw mesowear and microwear data for the ungulates from Units I, IIa and IIb from Nesher Ramla (Israel)
<p>Raw data from the low-magnification analysis (x35) of dental microwear and the mesowear analysis of the ungulates from Units I, IIa and IIb from Nesher Ramla (Israel)</p>
Data from: Evidence that metallic proxies are unsuitable for assessing the mechanics of microwear formation and a new theory of the meaning of microwear
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Data from: Tooth microwear and occlusal modes of euharamiyidans from the Jurassic Yanliao Biota reveal mosaic tooth evolution in Mesozoic allotherian mammals
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Data from: Comparative dental microwear of ruminant and perissodactyl molars: implications for paleodietary analysis of rare and extinct ungulate clades
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