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Fig. 4 in Systematic Studies on the Hypotrich Ciliate, Tachysoma pellionellum (Müller, 1773) Borror, 1972 (Protozoa, Ciliophora) Based on Integrative Analyses: Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny

Fig. 4. Divisional morphogenesis in Tachysoma pellionellum (after protargol staining). (A, B) Ventral views of an early divider. Note the basal bodies in the oral primordium forming an elongated field; arrowheads show the postoral ventral cirri which remain intact only for a short time. (C, D) Ventral views of an early divider. Arrowheads show the developing FVT-anlagen. (E, F) Ventral and dorsal view of a divider in early divisional stage. In E, arrow marks the old paroral which is dedifferentiating, double-arrowheads shows the UM-anlage formed to the right of the oral primordium as a long streak of basal bodies and arrowhead indicates the right marginal row anlagen developing intrakinetally; in F, arrows show the intrakinetal formation of the dorsal kineties anlagen 4 in the dividing cell. (G, H) Ventral and dorsal view of a divider in early divisional stage. In G, arrows show the first frontal cirri separating from the undulating membranes anlagen; arrowheads mark the left marginal row anlagen developing intrakinetally; in H, arrows show the intrakinetal formation of the dorsal kineties anlagen 4 in the dividing cell. DKA, dorsal kineties anlagen; II–VI, frontoventral–transverse cirral anlagen; Ma, macronuclear nodules; Mi, micronucleus; OP, oral primordium; RMA, right marginal anlage. Scale bars: 15 µm (A, C) and 35 µm (B, D, E–H).

Fig. 1 in Systematic Studies on the Hypotrich Ciliate, Tachysoma pellionellum (Müller, 1773) Borror, 1972 (Protozoa, Ciliophora) Based on Integrative Analyses: Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny

Fig. 1. Map of North America (the background from Google earth) showing the sampling sites. (A, B) Map showing Stone Mountain State Park, North Carolina, USA. (C, D), where Tachysoma pellionellum was collected.

Fig. 3 in Systematic Studies on the Hypotrich Ciliate, Tachysoma pellionellum (Müller, 1773) Borror, 1972 (Protozoa, Ciliophora) Based on Integrative Analyses: Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny

Fig. 3. Photomicrographs of Tachysoma pellionellum in vivo (A–D) and after protargol staining (E–H). (A–D) Ventral views of typical individuals; arrow in Fig. B marks the contractile vacuole, arrows in Fig. C show the refringent globules and arrowheads demonstrate the dorsal cilia. (E) Ventral view of the infraciliature; showing the frontoventral (in rectangle) and postoral ventral cirri (in circle). (F) Ventral view of anterior portion of infraciliature. (G) Ventral view of posterior portion of infraciliature, showing the pretransverse ventral cirri (dashed line). (H) Dorsal view of the infraciliature, showing the dorsal kineties (arrowheads). AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; BC, buccal cirrus; CV, contractile vacuole; E, endoral; FC, frontal cirri; FVC, frontoventral cirri; LMR, left marginal row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; P, paroral; PVC, postoral ventral cirri; PTVC, pretransverse ventral cirri; RMR, right marginal row; TC, transverse cirri; Scale bars: 55 µm (A), 35 µm (E) and 15 µm (F, G).

Fig. 2 in Systematic Studies on the Hypotrich Ciliate, Tachysoma pellionellum (Müller, 1773) Borror, 1972 (Protozoa, Ciliophora) Based on Integrative Analyses: Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny

Fig. 2. Morphology of Tachysoma pellionellum from life (A–C) and after protargol staining (D–F). (A) Ventral view of a representative individual. (B, C) Detail of cell, arrows indicate the refringent globules and arrowhead shows the food vacuole. (D) Detailed ventral view of the anterior region, showing the frontoventral (in rectangle) and postoral ventral cirri (in ellipse). (E, F) Ciliature of ventral and dorsal side and nuclear apparatus, the dashed ellipse depicts the postoral ventral cirri; arrowhead indicates the micronucleus. AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; BC, buccal cirrus; CV, contractile vacuole; E, endoral; FC, frontal cirri; FVC, frontoventral cirri; LMR, left marginal row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; P, paroral; PTVC, pretransverse ventral cirri; RMR, right marginal row; TC, transverse cirri; 1–6, dorsal kineties. Scale bars: 40 µm.

Fig. 6 in Systematic Studies on the Hypotrich Ciliate, Tachysoma pellionellum (Müller, 1773) Borror, 1972 (Protozoa, Ciliophora) Based on Integrative Analyses: Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny

Fig. 6. Photomicrographs of Tachysoma pellionellum during divisional morphogenesis (after protargol staining). (A, B) Ventral views of early dividers, note the basal bodies in the oral primordia forming an elongated field; arrows show the postoral ventral cirri which remain intact. (C, D) Ventral views of early dividers. In C, arrow in the proter marks the paroral which is dedifferentiating; arrow in the opisthe shows the anlage of the undulating membranes, and arrowhead indicates the right marginal anlage; in D, arrows show the first frontal cirri separating from the anlagen of the undulating membranes, and arrowheads mark the left marginal anlagen. (E–G) Ventral and dorsal view of a middle-stage divider. In E, arrowhead shows the first frontal cirrus and arrows mark the right marginal anlagen; in G, double-arrowheads show the first frontal cirrius, arrowheads mark the left marginal anlagen, and arrows show the intrakinetal formation of the dorsal kineties anlagen 1. (H, I) Ventral and dorsal view of a late divider; arrows show the dorsal kineties 6. II–VI, FVT-anlagen; Ma, macronuclear nodules; OP, oral primordium; 2–5, dorsal kineties. Scale bars: 20 µm (B, D, F) and 45µm (I).

Fig. 5 in Systematic Studies on the Hypotrich Ciliate, Tachysoma pellionellum (Müller, 1773) Borror, 1972 (Protozoa, Ciliophora) Based on Integrative Analyses: Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny

Fig. 5. Middle and late dividers of Tachysoma pellionellum, after protargol staining. (A, B) Ventral and dorsal view of a middle-stage divider. In A, arrowheads show the first frontal cirri and arrows mark the left marginal anlagen; in B, arrows mark the intrakinetal formation of the dorsal kineties anlagen 4. (C, D) Ventral and dorsal view of a mid-divider. In C, arrowheads show the first frontal cirri, arrows mark the left marginal anlagen and double-arrowheads show the anlagen of dorsal kineties; in D, arrows mark the intrakinetal formation of the dorsal kinety anlagen 4. (E, F) Ventral and dorsal view of a late divider; double-arrowheads show the dorsomarginal kineties (dorsal kineties 6) and arrowheads show the left marginal row. (G, H) Ventral and dorsal view of a late-stage divider; arrowheads show the dorsomarginal kineties (dorsal kineties 6). DKA, dorsal kineties anlagen; LMR, left marginal row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; RMA, right marginal anlage; RMR, right marginal row; 1–6, dorsal kineties. Scale bars: 45 µm.

Fig. 6 in Evolution and systematics of Green Bush-crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigonia) in the Western Palaearctic: testing concordance between molecular, acoustic, and morphological data

Fig. 6 Comparison of the duty cycle in the songs of the T. armeniaca complex and T. caudata (left panel) and the Tettigonia viridissima group (right panel)

Fig. 2 in Evolution and systematics of Green Bush-crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigonia) in the Western Palaearctic: testing concordance between molecular, acoustic, and morphological data

Fig. 2 Oscillograms of the song of the Tettigonia viridissima group (1–9) and T. cantans (10) recorded at two speeds: 1 T. cf. longealata (MO: Ajabo, T = 20 °C), 2 T. cf. vaucheriana (MO: N Fes, T = 20 °C), 3 T. cf. vaucheriana (MO: Bouchfaa W of Taza, T = 21 °C), 4 T. cf. vaucheriana (MO: Tilougguite Pass, T = 23 °C), 5 T. cf. vaucheriana and cf. longealata (MO: El Kebab, T = 25 °C), 6 T. cf. vaucheriana (MO: El Kebab, T = 28–30 °C), 7 T. cf. viridissima (MO: S Aïn Zora, T = 22 °C), 8 T. cf. viridissima (MO: S Aïn Zora, T = 25 °C), 9 T. viridissima (BG: Sofia, T = 27 °C), and 10 T. cantans (IT: Val Malene; from Massa et al. 2012, T = 15 °C)). Scale bar for A is 10 s and for B 2 s

Fig. 5 in Evolution and systematics of Green Bush-crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigonia) in the Western Palaearctic: testing concordance between molecular, acoustic, and morphological data

Fig. 5 Appearance of some taxa of Western Palaearctic Tettigonia (relative size proportions between photos not retained). a T. cantans, male, Germany, Gunzenhausen; b T. cantans, female, Germany, Gunzenhausen; c T. uvarovi Ebner, 1946—male, holotype, Siberia (NHMW), lateral view; d same, dorsal view; e T. caudata, male, Bulgaria, Russe district, Byala; f T. acutipennis Ebner, 1946—male, holotype, "Kleinasien 1914 | Marasch, Tölg. | coll. R. Ebner" (NHMW), dorsal view; g same, lateral view; h T. armeniaca, male, Armenia, Djermuk; i T. armeniaca, male, Turkey, Ispir; j T. viridissima morphotype of longealata, male, Morocco, El Kebab; k T. viridissima morphotype of longealata, female, Morocco, El Kebab; l T. viridissima morphotype of vaucheriana, male, Morocco, El Kebab; and m T. viridissima, male and female in copula, Bulgaria, Haskovo district, Kostilkovo village

Fig. 4 in Evolution and systematics of Green Bush-crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigonia) in the Western Palaearctic: testing concordance between molecular, acoustic, and morphological data

Fig. 4 Phylogenetic tree of the genus Tettigonia based on BI analysis of concatenated COI-ITS1-ITS2 sequences. BI posterior probability (PP) values are shown near resolved branches (only support values above 0.50). Species groups, as defined by genetic and morpho-acoustic data, are distinctly shaded, and the respective branches are marked with an open circle and a capital letter as follows: "A"—T. viridissima group, "B"—T. caudata group, and "C"—T. cantans group. Haplotype codes correspond to Table 1 in the Supplement, followed by morphological identification. Squares on the right side of names correspond to relative wing length: filled squares short wings and open squares long wings;

Fig. 7 in Evolution and systematics of Green Bush-crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigonia) in the Western Palaearctic: testing concordance between molecular, acoustic, and morphological data

Fig. 7 Relationship between the duration of chirps and inter-chirp intervals in T. caudata and the Tettigonia armeniaca complex. Green triangles mark recordings from Ispir, Turkey, where monosyllabic, disyllabic, and polysyllabic songs of T. armeniaca were recorded, as well as a song of T. caudata (Color figure online)

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◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West) in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)

◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West)

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

◂Fig. 4 A molecular tree of 51 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including all 28 accessions assignable to P. volzii. Maximum Likelihood tree (–ln = 22,017.62), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1,129 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (abbreviations: HET, Heterocapsaceae; PPE, Protoperidiniaceae) in Morphological and molecular variability of Peridinium volzii Lemmerm. (Peridiniaceae, Dinophyceae) and its relevance for infraspecific taxonomy

◂Fig. 4 A molecular tree of 51 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including all 28 accessions assignable to P. volzii. Maximum Likelihood tree (–ln = 22,017.62), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1,129 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (abbreviations: HET, Heterocapsaceae; PPE, Protoperidiniaceae)

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 3. Phylogenetic trees from reported 18S in Molecular systematics analysis of Lymantria dispar based on 18S rRNA and cox1 mtDNA sequence data

Fig. 3. Phylogenetic trees from reported 18S rRNA genes of insects according to NJ. A. Based on sequences of full-length. B. Based on second conserved region.

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Fig. 4 in Molecular systematics analysis of Lymantria dispar based on 18S rRNA and cox1 mtDNA sequence data

Fig. 4. Phylogenetic trees based on partial sequences from reported cox1 genes of insects according to NJ.

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Fig.1 in Molecular systematics analysis of Lymantria dispar based on 18S rRNA and cox1 mtDNA sequence data

Fig.1. PCR result of 18S rRNA of Lymantria dispar. Separated bands (from left to right). 18S1, 18S2, 18S rRNA, DL2000 marker.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Molecular phylogenetics and species-level systematics of Baylisascaris

Fig. 1. Bayesian consensus tree based on combined FULL data (8 genes; not including hars1). Branch lengths are scaled to the expected number of substitutions per site. Numbers above nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities, shown when 0.90 and greater.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2018View details →

Fig. 3 in Molecular phylogenetics and species-level systematics of Baylisascaris

Fig. 3. Bayesian consensus tree based on FULL mitochondrial gene sequences (3 genes). Branch lengths are scaled to the expected number of substitutions per site. Numbers above nodes represent Bayesian posterior probabilities, shown when 0.90 and greater.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2018View details →

Fig. 2 in Molecular phylogenetics and species-level systematics of Baylisascaris

Fig. 2. Bayesian consensus tree based on FULL data from nuclear genes (5 genes; not including hars1). Branch lengths are scaled to the expected number of substitutions per site. Numbers above nodes represent Bayesian posterior probabilities, shown when 0.90 and greater.