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82 results for “monocot”
Fig. 2 in Plant Type Materials from Kanagawa Prefecture (Japan) in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE; Russia): Lycophytes, Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms (Monocots and some Dicots)
Fig. 2. Syntype of Lycopodium cryptomerinum Maxim. (LE 01009939; KPM-NX0001852).
Fig. 1 in Plant Type Materials from Kanagawa Prefecture (Japan) in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE; Russia): Lycophytes, Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms (Monocots and some Dicots)
Fig. 1. Lectotype of Lycopodium cryptomerinum Maxim. (LE 01009938; KPM-NX0001851).
Monocots and eudicots have more conservative flower water use strategies than basal angiosperms
<p>Water balance is crucial for the growth and flowering of plants. However, the mechanisms by which flowers maintain water balance are poorly understood across different angiosperm branches. Here, we investigated 30 floral hydraulic and economics traits in 24 species from ANA grade, magnoliids, monocots, and eudicots. We found that basal angiosperms had richer petal stomatal density, higher pedicel hydraulic diameter, and flower mass per area, but lower pedicel vessel wall reinforcement, and epidermal cell thickness, compared to monocots and eudicots. This indicates that basal angiosperms maintain water balance with high water supply and consumption, while monocots and eudicots maintain water balance more conservatively. We also observed significant trade-offs and coordination among different floral traits. Specifically, pedicel theoretical hydraulic conductivity was positively correlated with petal stomatal density, flower water potential at turgor loss point, and maximum vessel diameter, but was negatively correlated with flower construction cost, vessel density, and pedicel vessel wall reinforcement. Floral traits associated with reproduction, such as floral longevity and size, were strongly linked with its physiological and anatomical traits. Our results systematically reveal the variation in flower economics and hydraulic traits from different angiosperm branches, deepening the understanding of flower water use strategies among these plant taxa.</p>
Monocots and eudicots have more conservative flower water use strategies than basal angiosperms
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Data from: Anatomical trait variation across root orders shapes the distinct root economics space of herbaceous monocots and dicots
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Tunicate bulb size variation in monocots explained by temperature and phenology
Plants bulbs are modified shoot systems comprised of short internodes with apical bud(s) surrounded by layers of leaf bases. Bulb diameters can vary greatly, with overall bulb size playing a role in flower formation as well as resource allocation. Despite the importance of bulb size to the overall fitness of an individual, evolutionary and ecological aspects of this trait have been almost completely neglected. Examining over 2500 herbarium vouchers for 115 selected species, we analyzed monocot tunicate bulb size within a phylogenetic context in order to investigate its evolutionary significance. We recorded two bulb diameter optima and observed that as bulb size increases taxa inhabit warmer areas with less temperature seasonality. Furthermore, we found that hysteranthous taxa, a habit where leaves emerge separately from flowers, exhibit overall larger bulbs potentially due to reliance upon belowground stored resources to flower rather than on current environmental inputs. This work highlights the importance of including the belowground portion of plants into ecological and evolutionary studies in order to gain a more complete understanding of the evolution of plant forms and functions.
Data from: A pre-Miocene Irano-Turanian cradle: origin and diversification of the species-rich monocot genus Gagea (Liliaceae)
The Irano‐Turanian (IT) floristic region is considered an important centre of origin for many taxa. However, there is a lack of studies dealing with typical IT genera that also occur in neighbouring areas. The species-rich monocot genus Gagea Salisb. shows a centre of diversity in IT region and a distribution in adjacent regions, therefore representing a good study object to investigate spatial and temporal relationships among IT region and its neighbouring areas (East-Asia, Euro-Siberia, Himalaya, and Mediterranean). We aimed at (i) testing the origin of the genus and of its major lineages in the IT region, (ii) reconstructing divergence times and (iii) reconstructing colonisation events. To address these problems, sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of 418 individuals and chloroplast intergenic spacers sequences (psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF) of 497 individuals, representing 116 species from all sections of the genus and nearly its entire distribution area were analysed. Divergence times were estimated under a random molecular clock based on nrITS phylogeny, which was the most complete data set regarding the representation of species and distribution areas. Ancestral distribution ranges were estimated for the nrITS data set as well as for a combined data set, revealing that Gagea most likely originated in southwestern Asia. This genus first diversified there starting in the Early Miocene. In the Middle Miocene, Gagea migrated to the Mediterranean and to East Asia, while migration into Euro-Siberia took place in the Late Miocene. During the Pleistocene, the Arctic was colonised and Gagea serotina, the most widespread species, reached North America. The Mediterranean basin was colonised multiple times from southwestern Asia or Euro-Siberia. Most of the currently existing species originated during the last 3 Ma.
FIGURE 5. Monocots. A. Prosthechea magnispatha, B. Prosthechea radiata, C. Prosthechea rhynchophora, D. Prosthechea semiaperta, E. Prosthechea micropus, F. Prosthechea trulla, G. Rhynchostele cervantesii, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 5. Monocots. A. Prosthechea magnispatha, B. Prosthechea radiata, C. Prosthechea rhynchophora, D. Prosthechea semiaperta, E. Prosthechea micropus, F. Prosthechea trulla, G. Rhynchostele cervantesii, H. Restrepiella ophiocephala. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
FIGURE 0. Monocots. A. Werauhia viridiflora, B. Werauhia werckleana, C. Alamania punicea, D. Artorima erubescens, E. Barkeria naevosa, F. Brasavola nodosa, G. Brassia signata, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 0. Monocots. A. Werauhia viridiflora, B. Werauhia werckleana, C. Alamania punicea, D. Artorima erubescens, E. Barkeria naevosa, F. Brasavola nodosa, G. Brassia signata, H. Chysis laevis. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
FIGURE 9. Monocots. A. Tillandsia maritima, B. Tillandsa matudae, C. Tillandsia multicaulis, D. Tillandsa pruinosa, E. Ursulaea mcvaughii, F. Viridantha plumosa, G. Vriesia heliconioides, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 9. Monocots. A. Tillandsia maritima, B. Tillandsa matudae, C. Tillandsia multicaulis, D. Tillandsa pruinosa, E. Ursulaea mcvaughii, F. Viridantha plumosa, G. Vriesia heliconioides, H. Werauhia pectinata. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
FIGURE 7. Monocots. A. Pseudalcantarea viridiflora, B. Tillandsia beutelspacheri, C. T. bulbosa, D. Tillandsia carlsoniae, E. Tillandsia concolor, F. Tillandsia cryptantha, G. Tillandsia diguetii, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 7. Monocots. A. Pseudalcantarea viridiflora, B. Tillandsia beutelspacheri, C. T. bulbosa, D. Tillandsia carlsoniae, E. Tillandsia concolor, F. Tillandsia cryptantha, G. Tillandsia diguetii, H. Tillandsdia filifolia. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Encyclia rzedowskiana, B. Epidendrum eustirum, C. Epidendrun falcatum, D. Epidendrum gasteriferum, E. Epidendrum nocturnum, F. Epidendrum polyanthum, G. Epidendrum veroscriptum, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Encyclia rzedowskiana, B. Epidendrum eustirum, C. Epidendrun falcatum, D. Epidendrum gasteriferum, E. Epidendrum nocturnum, F. Epidendrum polyanthum, G. Epidendrum veroscriptum, H. Erycina pusilla. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo- Serna).
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Aechmea lueddemanniana, B. Aechmea mexicana, C. A. nudicaulis, D. Billbergia pallidiflora, E. Catopsis oerstediana, F. Catopsis paniculata, G. Guzmania nicaraguensis, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Aechmea lueddemanniana, B. Aechmea mexicana, C. A. nudicaulis, D. Billbergia pallidiflora, E. Catopsis oerstediana, F. Catopsis paniculata, G. Guzmania nicaraguensis, H. Pitcairnia heterophylla. (Photographs A–F, H by Adolfo Espejo- Serna; G by Luis Alberto Bernal-Ramírez)
FIGURE 8. Monocots. A. Tillandsia fuchsii var. fuchsii, B. Tillandsia gymnobotrya, C. Tillandsia intermedia, D. Tillandsia ionantha, E. Tillandsia kirchhoffiana, F. Tillandsia leiboldiana, G. Tillandsia deppeana, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 8. Monocots. A. Tillandsia fuchsii var. fuchsii, B. Tillandsia gymnobotrya, C. Tillandsia intermedia, D. Tillandsia ionantha, E. Tillandsia kirchhoffiana, F. Tillandsia leiboldiana, G. Tillandsia deppeana, H. Tillandsia magnusiana. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo- Serna).
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Clowesia thylaciochila, B. Cuitlauzina pendula, C. Dichaea glauca, D. Dinema polybulbon, E. Domingoa kienastii, F. Encyclia hanburyi, G. Encyclia bractescens, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Clowesia thylaciochila, B. Cuitlauzina pendula, C. Dichaea glauca, D. Dinema polybulbon, E. Domingoa kienastii, F. Encyclia hanburyi, G. Encyclia bractescens, H. Encyclia parviflora. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
FIGURE 5. Basal Angiosperms and Monocots. A. Peperomia edulis, B. Peperomia emarginella, C. Peperomia quadrifolia, D. Peperomia tenerrima, E. Anthurium scandens, F. Anthurium schlechtendalii, G. Monstera tuberculata var. tuberculata, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 5. Basal Angiosperms and Monocots. A. Peperomia edulis, B. Peperomia emarginella, C. Peperomia quadrifolia, D. Peperomia tenerrima, E. Anthurium scandens, F. Anthurium schlechtendalii, G. Monstera tuberculata var. tuberculata, H. Philodendron warszewiczii. (Photographs A–B, E–H by Adolfo Espejo-Serna; C–D by Thorsten Krömer).
FIGURE 7. Monocots and Eudicots. A. Trichocentrum microchilum, B. Trichocentrum ascendens, C. Aporocactus flagelliformis, D. Disocactus phyllantoides, E. Epiphyllum hookeri, F. Mammillaria haageana, G. Echeveria rosea, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 7. Monocots and Eudicots. A. Trichocentrum microchilum, B. Trichocentrum ascendens, C. Aporocactus flagelliformis, D. Disocactus phyllantoides, E. Epiphyllum hookeri, F. Mammillaria haageana, G. Echeveria rosea, H. Columnea schiedeana. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Myrmecophila tibicinis, B. Oestlundia cyanocolumna, C. Ornithocephalus bicornis, D. Oncidium hintonii, E. Oncidium maculatum, F. Prosthechea chondylobulbon, G. Prosthechea ghiesbreghtiana, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE. Monocots. A. Myrmecophila tibicinis, B. Oestlundia cyanocolumna, C. Ornithocephalus bicornis, D. Oncidium hintonii, E. Oncidium maculatum, F. Prosthechea chondylobulbon, G. Prosthechea ghiesbreghtiana, H. Prosthechea karwinskii. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
FIGURE 3. Monocots. A. Gongora galeottiana, B. Hintonella mexicana, C. Ionopsis utricularioides, D. Laelia albida, E. Laelia gouldiana, F. Lalexia quadrifida, G. Lycaste consobrina, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 3. Monocots. A. Gongora galeottiana, B. Hintonella mexicana, C. Ionopsis utricularioides, D. Laelia albida, E. Laelia gouldiana, F. Lalexia quadrifida, G. Lycaste consobrina, H. Maxillaria densa. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
Characteristics of the structure of the roots of 61 monocots species of the Middle Urals
<p>Characteristics of the structure of the roots of 61 monocot species of the Middle Urals, which were the initial data in the preparation of the manuscript "Root structure syndromes of four families of monocots in the Middle Urals ", submitted to the journal "Plant Diversity"</p>
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