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78 results for “multiplicative process”
Data from: Unraveling the interplay of community assembly processes acting on multiple niche axes across spatial scales
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Data from: Ant diversity in Neotropical savannas: hierarchical processes acting at multiple spatial scales
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Data from: The multiple roles of β–diversity help untangle community assembly processes affecting recovery of temperate rocky shores
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Visualization of the process of lightning initiation in a thundercloud via coalescence of multiple simultaneously developing bipolar streamer/leader systems
<p>This movie visualizes the evolution of 3D streamer / hot-channel systems at 6 km altitude in a uniform upward directed electric field, the magnitude of which is equal to 65 kV/m. Positive and negative streamer channels are shown in green and gray, respectively. Red channels indicate hot leader sections with conductivity exceeding 1 S/m. All three axes are labeled in meters.</p>
Data from: Plant diversity increases N removal in constructed wetlands when multiple rather than single N processes are considered
Biodiversity has a close relationship with ecosystem functioning. For most biodiversity–ecosystem functioning studies, biodiversity has been linked to a single indicator variable of ecosystem functioning. However, there are generally multiple ecosystem processes contributing to ecosystem functioning and they differ in their dependence on biodiversity. Thus, the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning can be stronger when multiple rather than single ecosystem processes are considered. Using both mass-balance and stable-isotope approaches, we explored the effects of plant diversity on nitrogen (N) removal sustained by multiple N-cycling processes in experimental microcosms simulating constructed wetlands, an ecosystem treating wastewater with high N loading. Four species were used to assemble different plant communities, ranging in richness from one to four species. The removal of N, indicated by low levels of total inorganic N concentration (TIN) present in the effluent, was considered as an integrated measure of ecosystem functioning, combining three constituent N-cycling processes: plant uptake, denitrification and substrate adsorption. Our results showed that: (1) species richness had a positive effect on N removal, in particular, the four-species mixture reduced effluent TIN to a lower level than any monoculture, however, polycultures (two-, three- and four-species mixtures) did not outperform the most-efficient monoculture when each of the three constituent N-cycling processes was considered by itself; (2) species identity had significant impacts on single processes. Communities with the species Coix lacryma-jobi showed the greatest capacity for N uptake and communities with Phragmites australis had the highest denitrification rates; (3) isotope fractionation in the rhizosphere of Coix lacryma-jobi was primarily due to microbial denitrification while multistep isotope fractionation was detected for Phragmites australis and Acorus calamus (indicating recycling of N), suggesting that species differed in the way they transformed N; (4) the enhanced N removal at high diversity may be due to mutualistic interactions among species belonging to different functional types. Our findings demonstrated that although plant species richness had negligible effects on individual N-cycling processes, it enhanced the overall ecosystem functioning (N removal) when these processes were considered collectively. Our study thus contributes to improve the treatment efficiency of constructed wetlands through proper vegetation management.
Data from: Effect of dalfampridine on information processing speed impairment in multiple sclerosis
Objective: To test a possible benefit of dalfampridine on information processing speed (IPS), a key function for cognitive impairment (CogIm) in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we included patients with a score on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) under the 10th percentile of the reference value. Patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive dalfampridine 10 mg or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. They underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation at screening (T0), at the end of treatment (T1), and after a 4-week follow-up (T2). The primary endpoint was improvement in SDMT. Results: Out of 208 patients screened, 120 were randomized to receive either dalfampridine (n = 80) or placebo (n = 40). At T1, the dalfampridine group presented an increase of SDMT scores vs placebo group (mean change 9.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.5–11.4] vs 5.2 [95% CI 2.8–7.6], p = 0.0018; d = 0.60 for raw score; and 0.8 [95% CI 0.6–1] vs 0.3 [95% CI 0.0–0.5], p = 0.0013; d = 0.61 for z scores; by linear mixed model with robust standard error). The improvement was not sustained at T2. A beneficial effect of dalfampridine was observed in the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test and in cognitive fatigue. Conclusion: Dalfampridine could be considered as an effective treatment option for IPS impairment in MS. Trial registration: 2013-002558-64 EU Clinical Trials Register. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that for patients with MS with low scores on the SDMT, dalfampridine improves IPS.
Data from: Multiple processes drive genetic structure of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) populations across spatial scales
Elucidating patterns of population structure for species with complex life histories, and disentangling the processes driving such patterns, remains a significant analytical challenge. Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) populations display complex genetic structures that have not been fully resolved at all spatial scales. We generated a data set of nuclear markers for 3,575 samples spanning the seven breeding stocks and substocks found in the South Atlantic and western and northern Indian Oceans. For the total sample, and males and females separately, we assessed genetic diversity, tested for genetic differentiation between putative populations and isolation by distance, estimated the number of genetic clusters without a priori population information, and estimated rates of gene flow using maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches. At the ocean basin scale, structure is governed by geographic distance (IBD p<0.05) and female fidelity to breeding areas, in line with current understanding of the drivers of broad-scale population structure. Consistent with previous studies, the Arabian Sea breeding stock was highly genetically differentiated (FST 0.034-0.161; p<0.01 for all comparisons). However, the breeding stock boundary between west South Africa and east Africa was more porous than expected based on genetic differentiation, cluster, and gene flow analyses. Instances of male-fidelity to breeding areas and relatively high rates of dispersal for females were also observed between the three substocks in the western Indian Ocean. This mismatch between demographic units and current management boundaries may have ramifications for assessments of the status and continued protections of populations still in recovery from commercial whaling.
Regional estimates of gross primary production applying the process-based model 3D-CMCC-FEM vs. multiple datasets
<p>This repository contains the model 3D-CMCC-FEM v5.6 executable (Testolin et al.2023), model inputs and model outputs in the folder RUN_BASILICATA; scripts to prepare model inputs and perform model outputs post-processing in SCRIPTS; remote-sensing based data and forcing in DATA; tables and post-processed files in OUTPUT; figures in FIGURE, related to the manuscript entitled “Regional estimates of gross primary production applying the process-based model 3D-CMCC-FEM vs. multiple datasets”</p>
Data from: Plant diversity increases N removal in constructed wetlands when multiple rather than single N processes are considered
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Data from: The plasticity of NBS resistance genes in sorghum is driven by multiple evolutionary processes
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Data from: Multiple processes drive genetic structure of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) populations across spatial scales
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Data from: Effect of dalfampridine on information processing speed impairment in multiple sclerosis
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Tuberous sclerosis complex renal lesion pleiotropy arises from multiple aberrant developmental processes
GEO Series GSE182632. Homo sapiens. 3 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Systematic Mapping of ADAR1 Binding Reveals its Regulatory Roles in Multiple RNA Processing Pathways [small RNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE55362. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Stress-induced nuclear translocation of transcription factor ONAC023 improves drought and heat tolerance through integrated regulation of multiple processes in rice
GEO Series GSE183241. Oryza sativa Japonica Group. 49 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Brg1 Coordinates Multiple Processes During Retinogenesis and is a Tumor Suppressor in Retinoblastoma [ChIP-seq]
GEO Series GSE74268. Mus musculus. 35 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Systematic Mapping of ADAR1 Binding Reveals its Regulatory Roles in Multiple RNA Processing Pathways [CLIP-seq]
GEO Series GSE55361. Homo sapiens. 2 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Defective structural RNA processing in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
GEO Series GSE66573. Homo sapiens. 14 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transcriptome analysis showed that tomato-rootstock enhanced salt tolerance of grafted seedlings was accompanied by multiple metabolic processes and gene differences
GEO Series GSE233233. Solanum lycopersicum. 36 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
CBC-ARS2 stimulates 3'-end maturation of multiple RNA families and favors cap-proximal processing
GEO Series GSE52131. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by genome tiling array; Expression profiling by array.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.