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359 results for “native bee”
Immune stimulation induced changes to the native gut microbiota of bumble bees
<p>Understanding factors influencing the maintenance and membership of beneficial host-associated microbial communities is central to understanding ecological, evolutionary, and health consequences of these communities for their hosts. Host immunity is often implicated as a potential regulator of these microbiota. However, conversely, immunity may play a disruptive role, with immune responses to infection causing collateral damage. Such effects may be more prominent from innate immune responses, with more rapid-acting and relatively non-specific components. We investigated how upregulation of antibacterial immunity in the bumble bee <em>Bombus</em> <em>impatiens</em> affects the core gut microbiota, testing the hypothesis of immunity-induced perturbation of the beneficial microbiota structure. Freshly emerged adult bees received a native microbiota inoculation before being subjected to non-pathogenic immune stimulation treatments. We quantified the microbial community using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and targeted qPCR. We find colonization of the core member <em>Gilliamella</em> is altered by immune stimulation treatment. Additionally, a positive association in communities between <em>Gilliamella</em> and another core bacteria, <em>Snodgrassella</em> <em>alvi</em>, is perturbed. These changes are indicative of immune-response-induced dysbiosis. As such, the potential for collateral perturbation of beneficial microbial communities upon a host's innate immune response may contribute to immune costs, shaping the evolutionary optimization of immune investment.</p>
Evidence of exploitative competition between honey bees and native bees in two California landscapes
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Data from: Wildfire reveals transient changes to individual traits and population responses of a native bumble bee (Bombus vosnesenskii)
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Spillover of chalkbrood fungi to native solitary bee species from non-native congeners
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Functional trait mismatch between native and introduced bee pollinators servicing a global fruit crop
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Characterization of Salix nigra floral insect community and activity of three native Andrena bees
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Immune stimulation induced changes to the native gut microbiota of bumble bees
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Molecular sequencing and morphological identification reveal similar patterns in native bee communities across public and private grasslands of eastern North Dakota
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Data from: Altitude sickness in pollinators: Skyward emigration holds consequences for a native bee
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Data from: Pollinators and plant nurseries: how irrigation and pesticide treatment of native ornamental plants impact solitary bees
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Data from: Floral bagging differentially affects handling behaviors and single-visit pollen deposition by honey bees and native bees
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Wild bee functional diversity and plant associations in native and conventional plant nurseries
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Data from: Mark-recapture experiments reveal foraging behavior and plant fidelity of native bees in plant nurseries
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Effect of Habitat Restoration on Native Bee Communities at the Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (2008-2010)
Native bees interact closely with their host plants and therefore, can be good indicators of habitat diversity and health. Due to the physical aspects of tamarisk removal, reintroduction of native vegetation (through seeding or natural recolonization) is a process that can take years to stabilize. The soil has been greatly disturbed and the recruitment of reproductively mature plants and therefore, the creation of a healthy seed bank takes time. Many types of adult insects, such as bees, wasps, flies, and beetles, use nectar as a source of energy. However bees dont just drink nectar, they also use the pollen as a source of nutrition on which to rear their offspring. Tamarisk is an incredibly good source of nectar, but is a lousy source of pollen. Since it is wind pollinated, the pollen grains are small and not very nutritious. Insect pollinated plants on the other hand provide both nectar and nutritious pollen. Many of these plants also have very tight relationships with their respective bees, in which case one species of bee may only pollinate a single genus of plant. Bees can be used to monitor the recovery of areas where tamarisk has been removed. The diversity of bees can vary greatly temporally and spatially. Bee traps are a low maintenance and low time commitment way of monitoring bees in xeric systems.
Are native and non-native pollinator friendly plants equally valuable for native wild bee communities?
<p>Bees rely on floral pollen and nectar for food. Therefore, pollinator friendly plantings are often used to enrich habitats in bee conservation efforts. As part of these plantings, non-native plants may provide valuable floral resources, but their effects on native bee communities have not been assessed in direct comparison with native pollinator friendly plantings. In this study, we performed a common garden experiment by seeding mixes of 20 native and 20 non-native pollinator friendly plant species at separate neighboring plots at three sites in Maryland, USA, and recorded flower visitors for two years. A total of 3744 bees (120 species) were collected. Bee abundance and species richness was either similar across plant types (mid-season and for abundance also late season) or lower at native than at non-native plots (early season and for richness also late season). The overall bee community composition differed significantly between native and non-native plots, with 11 and 23 bee species found exclusively at one plot type or the other, respectively. Additionally, some species were more abundant at native plant plots, while others<i> </i>were more abundant at non-natives. Native plants hosted more specialized plant-bee visitation networks than non-native plants. Three species out of the five most abundant bee species were more specialized when foraging on native plants than on non-native plants. Overall, visitation networks were more specialized in the early season than in late seasons. Our findings suggest that non-native plants can benefit native pollinators, but may alter foraging patterns, bee community assemblage, and bee-plant network structures.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: The impact of prescribed burning on native bee communities (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) in longleaf pine savannas in the North Carolina sandhills
<p>Prescribed burning is a common silvicultural practice used in the management of longleaf pine (<i>Pinus palustris</i> Mill.) savannas to reduce hardwood encroachment and ground cover and to maintain biodiversity. We investigated the response of the native bee community (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) in the Sandhills of North Carolina to prescribed burning on a three-year rotation over two consecutive years (2012 and 2013). We deployed bee bowl traps in sites that had been burned the year of sampling, one year before, two years before, and in unburned controls. A total of 2,276 bees of 109 species were captured. Bee abundance declined with time since fire, with 2.3 times more bees captured in the most recently burned sites than in unburned controls. Bee diversity also declined with time since fire, with 2.1 times more species captured in the most recently burned sites than in controls. Bee community composition also responded to fire; we present evidence that this response was mediated in part by the effect of fire on the amount of bare ground and canopy cover. Bees nesting aboveground were unaffected by fire, contrary to our expectation that fire would destroy the wood and stems in which these species nest. Our results indicate that prescribed burning is a silvicultural practice consistent with pollinator conservation in longleaf pine ecosystems of the North Carolina sandhills. </p>
Data from: Supplementing small farms with native mason bees increases strawberry size and growth rate
Pollination services, especially those of bees, play a vital role in agriculture. Declining honeybee populations require us to find alternative solutions for sustainable agriculture. Native bees are proving to be efficient pollinators. Mason bees (Osmia lignaria) provide valuable pollinator services for some woody orchard species, but their value as pollinators for herbaceous crops is largely untested. We assessed the effectiveness of O. lignaria supplementation on nine strawberry farms over two growing seasons. We specifically selected mason bees for this work because they emerge from cocoons in the springtime, when few other bees are available for pollination. Cocoons are easily deployed on farms and emerged bees have a small flight radius, so they remain localized. We placed cocoons on one side of each berry farm plot (our mason bee addition treatment) but not on the opposite side (our control). We tagged and monitored berries on nine farms throughout the growing season. We performed statistical comparisons of berries from the treatment and control for differences in berry growth rate and size. In addition, we supplemented farms with native bee homes constructed from three materials (bamboo, Phragmites and wood). This allowed us to determine whether adult mason bees would produce a subsequent generation of bees on farms and whether the bees had a preference for nest material type. Our work demonstrates that mason bees can be used successfully to pollinate herbaceous berry crops. We found that berry growth rate was significantly higher and berry volume was significantly larger for berries from the treatment relative to the control. We also found that adult bees successfully utilized the bee homes for laying the next generation of offspring and that bees colonized bamboo homes more than other home types. Synthesis and applications. Our results are the first to show that native mason bees (Osmia lignaria) can be used successfully to provide pollination services on strawberry farms. Their use results in the production of bigger berries and faster berry growth rates than managed honeybees alone. Mason bees overwinter (and can be purchased) in cocoons, offering great potential for efficient and effective pollination services, for a variety of agricultural applications across different geographical regions. The availability of suitable nesting sites and protection of subsequent generations of cocoons from wasp parasitization warrant future consideration.
Does urbanization favor exotic bee species? Implications for the conservation of native bees in cities
A growing body of research indicates that cities can support diverse bee communities. However, urbanization may disproportionately benefit exotic bees, potentially to the detriment of native species. We examined the influence of urbanization on exotic and native bees using two datasets from Michigan, USA. We found that urbanization positively influenced exotic – but not native – bee abundance and richness, and that this association could not be explained by proximity to international ports of entry, prevalence of exotic flora, or urban warming. We found a negative relationship between native and exotic bee abundance at sites with high total bee abundance, suggesting that exotic bees may negatively affect native bee populations. These effects were not driven by the numerically dominant exotic honeybee, but rather by other exotic bees. Our findings complicate the emerging paradigm of cities as key sites for pollinator conservation.
FIGURE 267 in Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)
FIGURE 267. Occurrence map of Osmia (Melanosmia) visenda Sandhouse, 1924 represented by yellow squares; Osmia (Osmia) lignaria Say, 1837 represented by red triangles, in the Baja California Peninsula.
FIGURE 255 in Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)
FIGURE 255. Occurrence map of Hoplitis (Proteriades) truicauda (Timberlake & Michener, 1950) represented by yellow squares; Hoplitis (Proteriades) xerophila (Cockerell, 1935) represented by blue circles; Hoplitis (Proteriades) tristis (Michener, 1936) represented by red triangles, in the Baja California Peninsula.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.