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1,102 results for “plant diversity”
Figure 1 in Diversity and spatio-temporal variation of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) before and after the construction of the Jirau hydroelectric plant, state of Rondônia, Brazil
Figure 1 Sampling points of anophelines in the area covered by the Jirau hydroelectric plant, in the stretch between the locations of Jaci Paraná and Abunã (squares), in the pre (black) and post-construction (gray) phases.
Figure 2 in Diversity and spatio-temporal variation of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) before and after the construction of the Jirau hydroelectric plant, state of Rondônia, Brazil
Figure 2 Housing types (a-d) spatial variation of Anopheles darlingi before (e) and after (f) the construction of the Jirau hydroelectric plant, in Rondônia, Brazil. Subtitle: AB – Abunã; JHP – Jirau Hydroeletric Plant; JP – Jaci Paraná; NMP – Nova Mutum Paraná.
Figure S2 in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure S2. MDS ordination indicating the clear separation of the two land use groups based on the urbanisation measures.
Figure 6. A in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure 6. A, Percentage distribution of alien and indigenous species per site; B, the indigenous (ISR) and alien (ASR) species richness per site; C, the percentage of the total average cover of all alien species per site; D, the associated adjusted Floristic Quality Assessment Index values (adjFQAI) of each site; arranged along a gradient of increasing percentage urban landcover.
Figure S1 in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure S1. Cluster analysis results based on the urbanisation measures indicating clear grouping between the urban sites 1 and 2 and the rural sites.
Figure 3. A in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure 3. A, Total number of species per wetland site (alpha diversity); B, the average species richness per transect for each site; C, the size of each wetland; arranged along a gradient of increasing percentage urban landcover.
Figure 4. A in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure 4. A, Beta diversity between sites (calculated as the average between all the rural sites (R1–R12), the average between the two urban sites and all the rural sites (U1 and U2), and between the two urban sites (U)); B, the SIMPER analysis results of the average similarity of the transects in each wetland site; arranged along a gradient of increasing percentage urban landcover.
Figure 5. A in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure 5. A, Wetland index values (WIV) of each site; B, the average site cover descriptions; C, the percentage average growth form distribution at each site; D, the average functional diversity per site (upland (U), facultative upland (FU), facultative (F), facultative wetland (FW), obligate wetland (OB)); arranged along a gradient of increasing urban landcover.
Figure 1 in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure 1. Study area indicating the urban area of Potchefstroom, its rural surroundings and the 14 wetland study sites. Inset map shows the size and location of the urban area and Mooi River within the former Tlokwe Municipal area.
D-PLACE dataset derived from Kreft and Jetz 2007 'Global patterns and determinants of vascular plant diversity'
<p>Cite the source of the dataset as:</p> <blockquote> <p>Kreft H, Jetz W. Global patterns and determinants of vascular plant diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2007;104: 5925–5930.</p> </blockquote>
F I G U R E 2 in Current progress and future prospects for understanding genetic diversity of seed plants in China
F I G U R E 2 Number of articles on genetic diversity for seed plants in different fields. The data comes from the results of Web of Science (www.webofscience.com/wos/alldb/basic‐search, accessed: January 17th, 2024) using the search rule: TS = (seed plant genetic diversity) OR TS = (flowering plant genetic diversity) OR TS = (germplasm genetic diversity) OR TS = (angiosperm genetic diversity) OR TS = (gymnosperm genetic diversity). The numbers in parentheses represent the number of articles published in different fields. The overlapping areas show studies that cover multiple fields.
F I G U R E 1 in Current progress and future prospects for understanding genetic diversity of seed plants in China
F I G U R E 1 Number of articles on genetic diversity in different sequencing stages, with lines of red, blue, and green representing studies for all organisms, plants, and seed plants, respectively. Molecular markers and their first published time are provided in the blue boxes. Three major public databases (NCBI, EMBL, and BioSino) and their established time are shown in the red boxes. The data comes from the results of Web of Science (www.webofscience.com/wos/alldb/basic‐search, accessed: January 17th, 2024) using the search rules: TS = (genetic diversity) for all, TS = (plants genetic diversity) OR TS = (ferns genetic diversity) OR TS = (moss genetic diversity) OR TS = (angiosperm genetic diversity) OR TS = (gymnosperm genetic diversity) for plants, and TS = (seed plant genetic diversity) OR TS = (flowering plant genetic diversity) OR TS = (germplasm genetic diversity) OR TS = (angiosperm genetic diversity) OR TS = (gymnosperm genetic diversity) for seed plants.
Fig. 2a-f in Wild bees (Anthophila) of Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago) and their habitats: species diversity, distribution patterns and bee-plant network *
Fig. 2a-f: a) Andrena dourada, female; b) Andrena portosanctana, female collecting pollen on Cakile maritima; c) Lasioglossum wollastoni, female in front of nesting site; d) Osmia latreillei iberoafricana, male visiting Cakile maritima; e) Amegilla quadrifasciata maderae, female collecting pollen on Echium portosanctensis, f) Bombus terrestris lusitanicus, worker, collecting pollen on Echium portosanctensis. Photos: A. Kratochwil (a, b, e), A. Schwabe (c, d, f).
Fig. 1 in Wild bees (Anthophila) of Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago) and their habitats: species diversity, distribution patterns and bee-plant network *
Fig. 1: Aspects from some of our sampling sites and their surroundings in March after an extreme dry winter and a wet winter: Left: March 2012 (November 2011–March 2012, no precipitation); right: March 2017 (October 2016–March 2017, 301 mm precipitation); a, b: sand beach with Vila Baleira in the centre; c, d: Pico Juliana and mainly fallow land; e, f: southern-exposed extensively grazed dry grassland; view from Capela da Graça (in the background right: Pico do Facho with Pinus plantations). Photos: A. Schwabe.
Pollination success increases with plant diversity in high Andean communities
<p>Pollinator-mediated plant-plant interactions have traditionally been viewed within the competition paradigm. However, facilitation via pollinator sharing might be the rule rather than the exception in harsh environments. Moreover, plant diversity could be playing a key role in fostering pollinator-mediated facilitation. We examined a total of 9,371 stigmas of 88 species from nine high-Andean communities in NW Patagonia, and we explored the prevalent sign of the relation between conspecific pollen receipt and heterospecific pollen diversity, and assessed whether the incidence of different outcomes varies with altitude and whether pollen receipt relates to plant diversity.</p>
The diversity and distribution of introduced plant species reflects eight thousand years of settlement history
<p>Human population has affected natural ecosystems since prehistoric times in many ways, causing disturbances in existing ecosystems and creating novel habitats, and altering the colonisation and extinction rates with potentially long-lasting effects on biodiversity. Here, we explored the pervasive effects of past human occupancy on present-day diversity and the distribution of plant species introduced by humans in the distant past – archaeophytes – at the regional spatial scale. We analysed spatial relations between the present-day species richness of archaeophytes and native flora, the environmental setting, archaeological evidence, and the relationship between the residence time of archaeophytes and their regional range size. We used fine-scaled gridded information on plant diversity and archaeological records for the period 6000 BCE to 1000 CE summarised as average occupancy probability (AOP) in Czechia, Central Europe. The proportion of archaeophytes in local flora positively correlated to AOP. Variation partitioning revealed largely overlapping effects of AOP, environmental conditions, and present-day land use on the relative diversity of archaeophytes in local flora. The relationship between the minimum residence time of introduced species and their regional range size was weak and non-significant.</p> <p>Synthesis. Our results suggest that the present-day regional diversity of archaeophytes mirrors the intensity of past human settlement. However, the main underlying mechanism is the dispersal and environmental filtering of non-native species pools, while dispersal limitation plays a minor role in the regional patterns of archaeophyte diversity. </p>
The relationship between plant diversity and facilitation during tropical dry forest restoration
<p>Restoration programs that promote the functioning of restored ecosystems are in urgent demand. Although several biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) experiments have demonstrated the importance of functional complementarity enhancing plant community performance, no BEF study has yet experimentally manipulated facilitation testing its contribution to how the complementarity effect modulates community performance.</p> <p>We built a restoration experiment manipulating diversity and facilitation in a tropical semiarid forest. We planted 4704 seedlings of 16 native tree species to assemble 147 experimental communities with 45 different compositions comprising 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 species. Facilitation was included in the experimental design by creating a gradient of communities from low to high facilitation potential (based on prior research). We measured functional diversity and functional identity using species above and below-ground traits to investigate how they modulate the effects of species diversity and facilitation on leaf biomass production, and its additive partition biodiversity effects (NE, CE & SE).</p> <p>The joint influence of diversity and facilitation was tested separately for leaf biomass production and Net Biodiversity Effect using Linear Mixed Models (LMMs). We subsequently ran LMMs including functional diversity and functional identity. We hypothesised that facilitation would increase community productivity and functioning and that functional dispersion and functional identity related to above and below-ground traits would explain facilitation performance.</p> <p>Facilitation positively influenced leaf biomass production as predicted, but unexpectedly, neither of the functional traits were important for modulating the facilitation process. Positive values for Complementarity Effect (CE) showed that plants performed better in mixtures in comparison to monocultures. Selection Effect (SE) negative values, showed that species with below-average performance in monocultures, performed better in mixtures. Unexpectedly, CE did not increase as species diversity or facilitation increased. SE was influenced negatively by facilitation leading to a more equal distribution of biomass production between species in mixtures.</p> <p>Synthesis: Facilitation improves biomass production in restored communities and increases biomass equitability among plant species and thus ecosystem reliability. To improve restoration success, plant communities should be built using facilitating plants.</p>
Data from: Fungal symbionts generate water-saver and water-spender plant drought strategies via diverse effects on host gene expression
<p><em>Panicum</em> <em>hallii</em> var <em>hallii</em> HAL2 plants were inoculated individually with six foliar fungal endophytes or fungus-free controls and subjected to 5% or 20% soil moisture treatments. The fungi were selected for their previously observed effects on plant drought physiology, inducing either a "water saver" or a "water spender" strategy in the host. Plants were grown in enclosed microcosms to prevent cross-contamination and each treatment and control included 6 replicates. All fungi were Ascomycetes isolated from plants in central Texas. Plants were monitored for height, wilt, water loss, and survival. At the harvest, we also measured biomass and leaf colonization by the fungi and flash-froze leaf tissue for transcriptomic analyses. Both plant response and gene expression data are provided.</p>
Data for: Single-gene resolution of diversity-driven overyielding in plant genotype mixtures
<p>In plant communities, diversity often increases productivity and functioning, but the specific underlying drivers are difficult to identify. Most ecological theories attribute positive diversity effects to complementary niches occupied by different species or genotypes. However, the specific nature of niche complementarity often remains unclear, including how it is expressed in terms of trait differences between plants. Here, we use a gene-centred approach to study positive diversity effects in mixtures of natural <em>Arabidopsis </em><em>thaliana</em> genotypes. Using two orthogonal genetic mapping approaches, we find that between-plant allelic differences at the <em>AtSUC8</em> locus are strongly associated with mixture overyielding. <em>AtSUC8</em> encodes a proton-sucrose symporter and is expressed in root tissues. Genetic variation in <em>AtSUC8</em> affects the biochemical activities of protein variants and natural variation at this locus is associated with different sensitivities of root growth to changes in substrate pH. We thus speculate that - in the particular case studied here - evolutionary divergence along an edaphic gradient resulted in the niche complementarity between genotypes that now drives overyielding in mixtures. Identifying such genes important for ecosystem functioning may ultimately allow linking ecological processes to evolutionary drivers, help identify traits underlying positive diversity effects, and facilitate the development of high-performing crop variety mixtures.</p>
Fig. 3 – A in Mylabrini diversity and host plants in a Saharan oasis ecosystem with an updated checklist of Meloidae from Algeria (Coleoptera)
Fig. 3 – A, Mylabris impressa; B, Croscherichia litigiosa, C, Croscherichia gilvipes and D, a specimen of Alosimus sp. cfr. viridissimus.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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