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268 results for “poplar”

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dryad36/100

Data for: Soil cadmium stress-mediated sexual difference in phyllosphere microbiome and associated pathogen resistance of poplars

Phyllosphere associated microorganisms play a crucial role in protecting plants from diseases, while their composition and diversity are strongly influenced by heavy metal contaminants. As dioecious plants exhibited sexual dimorphism in metal accumulation and tolerance between male and female individuals, in this study we used male and female full-sibs of Populus deltoides to investigate whether the two plant sexes will present sexual differences in phyllosphere microbiome structure and associated pathogen resistance against a leaf pathogenic fungus after soil cadmium (Cd) exposure. We found that Cd-treated male plants grew better and accumulated more leaf Cd than females. Cd stress reduced leaf lesion areas of both plant sexes after leaf pathogen infection, whereas male plants exhibited better resistance than females. More importantly, Cd exposure differentially altered the structure and function of the phyllosphere microbiome of male and female plants, with more abundant ecologically beneficial microbes but decreased pathogenic fungal taxa harbored in male phyllosphere. Further in vitro toxicity tests suggested that such sexual difference in pathogen resistance between the two plant sexes could attribute to direct Cd toxicity and indirect shifts in phyllosphere microbiome. This study provides implication for understanding the underlying mechanism of heavy metals involved in plant-pathogen interactions.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Phylogenomics reveals patterns ancient hybridization and differential diversification that contribute to phylogenetic conflict in willows, poplars, and close relatives

Despite the economic, ecological, and scientific importance of the genera Salix L. (willows) and Populus L. (poplars, cottonwoods, and aspens) Salicaceae, we know little about the sources of differences in species diversity between the genera and of the phylogenetic conflict that often confounds estimating phylogenetic trees. Salix subgenera and sections, in particular, have been difficult to classify, with one recent attempt termed a 'spectacular failure' due to a speculated radiation of the subgenera Vetrix and Chamaetia. Here we use targeted sequence capture to understand the evolutionary history of this portion of the Salicaceae plant family. Our phylogenetic hypothesis was based on 787 gene regions and identified extensive phylogenetic conflict among genes. Our analysis supported some previously described subgeneric relationships and confirmed polyphyly of others. Using an fbranch analysis we identified several cases of hybridization in deep branches of the phylogeny, which likely contributed to discordance among gene trees. In addition, we identified a rapid increase in diversification rate near the origination of the Vetrix-Chamaetia clade in Salix. This region of the tree coincided with several nodes that lacked strong statistical support, indicating a possible increase in incomplete lineage sorting due to rapid diversification. The extraordinary level of both recent and ancient hybridization in both Salix and Populus have played important roles in the diversification and diversity in these two genera.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

Soil dataset from poplar cultivation sites in northern Italy plains

The soil sampling activities conducted in the plains of northern Italy adhered to the methodology outlined in the poplar inventory dataset by Rizza et al. (2023). The dataset consisted of 2,322 clusters that were georeferenced on a three-kilometre UTM grid, systematically distributed across an area spanning 4,179,600 hectares. Each cluster comprised nine subunits aligned with the points on a 500-meter square grid.  The soil sampling took place between 1994 and 1996 and focused on locations with poplar plantations that were at least five years old in 1994. To obtain the samples, a pedological profile was manually excavated, and each layer was identified. One kilogram of soil was collected from each layer. Each soil sample was labelled with the region's sampling letter, cluster number, and element number. A maximum of five depths were examined for each sample. The texture characteristics (fine sand, coarse sand, fine silt, coarse silt, and clay) and certain chemical properties (limited to the first horizon) were documented, including NH4+, NO3-, CaCO3, P2O5, pH, organic matter, and soil carbon.  Moreover, the presence of irrigation was recorded, and for the first layer, the depth of the temporary and permanent water table was reported. It is important to note that for certain samples, only the surface soil layers were evaluated, omitting depths exceeding 60 centimetres. Additionally, the soil samples were air dried, sieved to two millimetres and then scanned using an ASD Fieldspec instrument, particularly the LabSpec Pro Spectrophotometer LSP 350-2500P Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc. The reflectance at wavelength range 350–2500 nm was acquired with an interval of 1 nm. The resulting Vis-Nir soil spectral library was integrated with the soil data and entered in two excel worksheets joined by a sampleID. The coordinates of the samples are in WGS 84 - EPSG 4326.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Data from Preliminary estimates of genetic parameters and familial selection for non-native poplars show good potential for genetic gains on growth, cold hardiness, trunk quality and Sphaerulina musiva susceptibility

Data from Preliminary estimates of genetic parameters and familial selection for non-native poplars show good potential for genetic gains on growth, cold hardiness, trunk quality and Sphaerulina musiva susceptibility Abstract Genetic parameters for growth, trunk quality and susceptibility to frost and Sphaerulina musiva attack was estimated from 34 half-sib families of hybrid poplar from the crossing of non-native parents, Populus maximowiczii A. Henry and Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray, 3 and 6 years after planting. The use of spatial analysis proved to be the best method for quantitative growth data. The proportion of the among-family variance to the total (phenotypic) variance as well as the high heritabilities of growth and susceptibility to frost and Spaherulina musiva showed a high potential for selection for these traits while the quality traits were under low genetic control. Some families showed gains for several traits, suggesting the possibility of developing a selection index to obtain superior families that show gain for not only growth but quality and adaptive traits as well. Type B correlations were high, suggesting that families responded in the same way regardless of the site. High type A correlation between growth traits at 3 and 6 years showed early selection potential, although these relationships should be confirmed with future measurements to evaluate this effect at maturity. These results can be integrated into the strategy for improving hybrid poplar parental populations and, in the longer term, will make it possible to optimize the selection of individuals with traits of interest for the operational deployment of hybrid poplar clones.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

dryad36/100