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165 results for “reproductive patterns”
Fig. 2 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 2. Fluctuation of monthly average water level of the Negro River during the period of July 2004/ June 2005, showing the four phases of the hydrological cycle. Source: Bittencourt & Amadio (2007).
Fig. 3 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 3. Variation of CFI - cavity fat index (a), GSI - gonadosomatic index (b), muscle energy (c) and gonadal energy (f), by gonadal development; CFI (d) and GSI (e) by hydrological cycle (July/2004 - June/2005) of Acestrorhynchus falcirostris.
Fig. 5 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 5. Variation of CFI - cavity fat index (a), GSI - gonadosomatic index (b), muscle energy (c) and gonadal energy (f), by gonadal development; CFI (d) and GSI (e) by hydrological cycle (July/2004 - June/2005) of Hoplosternum littorale.
Data and analysis scripts for: Co-occurrence patterns at four spatial scales implicate reproductive processes in shaping community assembly in clovers
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Latitudinal patterns in a reproductive trait driven by sexual selection
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Data for Global Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Reproductive and Leaf Litterfall, 1966 to 2022
Reproductive and leaf litterfall nitrogen and phosphorus data was compiled from previously published studies and is global in extent. The publication years from which data was obtained spans from 1966 to 2022. The data was compiled in order to assess global scale trends of nitrogen and phosphorus in both reproductive and leaf litterfall. This dataset was used in "Global Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Reproductive and Leaf Litterfall", published in Ecosystems, by Steven W. Gougherty and Pamela H. Templer.
Data from: Geographic patterns in colonial reproductive strategy in Myrmecina nipponica: links between biogeography and a key polymorphism in ants
<p>The ability to express different phenotypes can help define species distributions by allowing access to, and exploitation of, new environments. Social insects employ two markedly different reproductive strategies with contrasting cost/benefit characteristics: independent colony foundation (ICF), which is associated with high dispersal range and high risk, and dependent colony foundation (DCF), characterized by low risk but low dispersal. The ant <i>Myrmecina nipponica</i> employs both of these strategies, with the frequency of each apparently varying between populations. We combine molecular data with data on reproductive strategy from different populations of this species throughout Japan to explore how this polymorphism is linked to environmental factors and if this relationship can help explain the current and historical biogeography of this species. Reproductive strategy exhibited a strong geographic pattern, with ICF predominant in southern populations and DCF more common in northern and southern highland populations. Molecular analyses clearly divided populations into broad geographic regions, with the southern-lowland populations basal to (southern-highland (+ northern)) populations. Intra-population polymorphism in colony founding strategy was widespread, and polymorphism was reconstructed as the likely ancestral state. The frequency of different strategies was linked with climate, with DCF more common in colder areas. A recent inferred origin to the northern lineage suggests that colonization of northern Japan was a rapid event coincident with warming at the end of the last glacial maxima, likely facilitated by the cold-adaptive advantages of DCF. We discuss how such polymorphisms could help explain the biogeography of this and other social insects.</p>
Data from: Patterns of annual and seasonal immune investment in a temporal reproductive opportunist
Historically, investigations of how organismal investments in immunity fluctuate in response to environmental and physiological changes have focused on seasonally breeding organisms that confine reproduction to seasons with mild environmental conditions and abundant resources. The red crossbill, <i>Loxia curvirostra</i>, is a songbird that can breed opportunistically if conifer seeds are abundant, on both short, cold, and long, warm days, providing an ideal system to investigate interactions between immunity, reproduction, and environmental fluctuations. In this study, we measured inter- and intra-annual variation in complement, natural antibodies, PIT54, and leukocytes in crossbills across four summers (2010-2013) and multiple seasons within one year (summer 2011-spring 2012). Overall, we observed substantial changes in crossbill immune investment among summers, with interannual variation driven largely by food resources, while seasonal variation was less pronounced and lacked a dominant predictor of immune investment. However, we found weak evidence that physiological processes (e.g., reproductive condition, moult) or abiotic factors (e.g., temperature, precipitation) affect immune investment. Collectively, this study suggests that a reproductively flexible organism may simultaneously invest in both reproduction and survival-related processes, potentially by exploiting rich patches with abundant resources. More broadly, these results emphasize the need for more longitudinal studies of trade-offs associated with immune investment.
Sex-specific patterns of senescence in artificial insect populations varying in sex-ratio to manipulate reproductive effort
<p><strong>Background:</strong> The disposable soma theory of ageing assumes that organisms optimally trade-off limited resources between reproduction and longevity to maximize fitness. Early reproduction should especially trade-off against late reproduction and longevity because of reduced investment into somatic protection, including immunity. Moreover, as optimal reproductive strategies of males and females differ, sexually dimorphic patterns of senescence may evolve. In particular, as males gain fitness through mating success, sexual competition should be a major factor accelerating male senescence. In a single experiment, we examined these possibilities by establishing artificial populations of the mealworm beetle, <em>Tenebrio molitor</em>, in which we manipulated the sex-ratio to generate variable levels of investment into reproductive effort and sexual competition in males and females.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> As predicted, variation in sex-ratio affected male and female reproductive efforts, with contrasted sex-specific trade-offs between lifetime reproduction, survival and immunity. High effort of reproduction accelerated mortality in females, without affecting immunity, but high early reproductive success was observed only in balanced sex-ratio condition. Male reproduction was costly on longevity and immunity, mainly because of their investment into copulations rather than in sexual competition.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our results suggest that <em>T. molitor</em> males, like females, maximize fitness through enhanced longevity, partly explaining their comparable longevity. </p>
The mosaic distribution pattern of two sister bush-cricket species and the possible role of reproductive interference
<p>Reproductive interference can shape regional distribution patterns in closely related species, if prezygotic isolation barriers are weak. The study of such interaction could be more challenging in nuptial gift-giving species due to the direct nutritional effects on both sexes of both species during copulation. We mapped the distribution of two sister bush-cricket species, Pholidoptera aptera and P. transsylvanica, at the northern margin of their overlapping ranges in Europe and, with a behavioural experiment, we tested the possibility of heterospecific mating. We found a very rare coexistence of species locally (0.5%, n = 391 sites) with mostly mutually exclusive distribution patterns, resulting in a mosaic pattern of sympatry, whereas they occupied the same climate niche in forest-dominated mountain landscape. Over 14 days of a mating experiment with seven mixed groups of conspecifics and heterospecifics (n = 56 individuals in total), the number of received spermatophores per female was 3–6 in P. aptera and 1–7 in P. transsylvanica. In total, we found 8.1% of heterospecific copulations (n = 99 transferred spermatophores with genetic identification of the donor species), while we also confirmed successful the transfer of heterospecific sperms into a female's reproductive system. Because bush-cricket females also obtain required nutrition from a heterospecific spermatophylax what should increase their fitness and fecundity, we suggest that their flexibility to mate with heterospecifics is beneficial and drives reproductive interference. This may substantially limit the reproductive success of the less frequent species (P. transsylvanica), coupled with eventual detrimental effects from hybridization, and result in the competitive exclusion of that species from their areas of coexistence.</p>
Fig. 9 in Reproductive cycle of the Neotropical cichlid yellow peacock bass Cichla kelberi: A novel pattern of testicular development
Fig. 9. Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of the testicular maturation phases in C. kelberi.
Fig. 2 in Reproductive cycle of the Neotropical cichlid yellow peacock bass Cichla kelberi: A novel pattern of testicular development
Fig. 2. Gonadal development Phases of C. kelberi along the reproductive cycle. H.E. stain.
Intermittent reproduction, mortality patterns and lifetime breeding frequency of females in a population of the adder (Vipera berus)
<p>Raw data used in paper by Dirk Bauwens & Katja Claus. 2019. Intermittent reproduction, mortality patterns and lifetime breeding frequency of females in a population of the adder (Vipera berus). PeerJ, DOI 10.7717/peerj.6912</p> <p>CH_data_AdultFemaleAdders.INP</p> <p>A text file with extension .INP for input in the program MARK (White & Burnham, 1999; Cooch & White, 2015)), containing the capture-recapture histories, including breeding status of individual adult female adders (n = 908). Each 18-digit string contains a 1-digit score (B/N/0 ; Breeding / Non-breeding / not captured) per year of study (2000 – 2017).</p> <p>SVL_BCI_RawData.xlsx</p> <p>Excell-file containing data for SVL, mass, BCI (body condition index) and breeding status (breeding/non-breeding) for individual females captured and measured during spring (March – half May; i.e., before ovulation) or late summer (August-September; i.e. after parturition or at end of activity season).</p> <p> </p>
Figure 1 in Temporal variation in the reproductive pattern of blood cockle Anadara antiquata from Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea)
Figure 1. Map showing sampling sites (*).
Fig. 4 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 4. Relative frequency of gonadal phases by hydrological periods for the three species.
Fig. 1 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 1. Map of the Catalão region, located near Manaus, Amazonas State, showing the sampling site.
Patterns in avian reproduction in the Prudhoe Bay Oilfield, Alaska, 2003–2019
<p>The Arctic Coastal Plain is one of the most important avian breeding grounds in the world; however, many species are in decline. Arctic-breeding birds contend with short breeding seasons, harsh climatic conditions, and now, rapidly changing, variable, and unpredictable environmental conditions caused by climate change. Additionally, those breeding in industrial areas may be impacted by human activities. It is difficult to separate the impacts of industrial development and climate change, however, long-term datasets can help show patterns over time. We evaluated factors influencing reproductive parameters of breeding birds at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, 2003–2019, by monitoring 1265 shorebird nests, 378 passerine nests, and 231 waterfowl nests. We found that nest survival decreased significantly nearer high-use infrastructure for all guilds. Temporally, passerine nest survival declined across the 17 years of the study, while there was no significant evidence of change in their nest density. Shorebird nest survival did not vary significantly across years, nor did nest density. Waterfowl nest density increased over the course of the study, but we could not estimate nest survival in all years. Egg predator populations varied across time; numbers of gulls and ravens increased in the oilfields from 2003–2019, while Arctic fox decreased, and jaeger numbers did not vary significantly. Long-term datasets are rare in the Arctic, but they are crucial for understanding impacts to breeding birds from both climate change and increasing anthropogenic activities. We show that nest survival was lower for birds nesting closer to high-use infrastructure in Arctic Alaska, which was not detected in earlier, shorter-term studies. Additionally, we show that Lapland longspur nest survival decreased across time, which is concerning considering the continent-wide declines in many passerine species. The urgency to understand these relationships cannot be expressed strongly enough, given change is continuing to happen and the potential impacts are large.</p>
Links between personality, reproductive success and re-pairing patterns in a long-lived seabird
<p>In long-lived monogamous species, the trigger of costly re-pairing is not always clear. Limited research suggests that within-pair behavioural compatibility may be an important driver of partnership success, as cooperation should be enhanced when pair members' decisions complement one another. Animals' decision-making processes are influenced by personality traits – defined as individual differences in behaviour that are stable in time. Despite the potential for the personality trait 'boldness' to a) directly impact individual willingness to re-pair and b) indirectly impact re-pairing choices via reproductive success, there is currently little work exploring how re-pairing decisions might be impacted by the pair members' personalities. Using a 13-year dataset, we investigated whether within-pair boldness and its relationship with breeding success explained re-pairing patterns of black-legged kittiwakes (<em>Rissa</em> <em>tridactyla</em>), breeding in two Arctic colonies. We found that pairs with dissimilar boldness levels were more likely to experience breeding failure and that failed pairs were more likely to re-pair the following year. Despite this, only one colony displayed evidence of assortative mating by boldness, and there was no indication that re-pairing impacted reproductive success the following season. Neither individual nor pair boldness directly influenced re-pairing probability, however, in both colonies, re-pairing birds chose partners that were slightly more similar to themselves in boldness than their previous mates. These results imply an indirect pathway by which poorer behavioural compatibility within pairs may lead to breeding failure and ultimately re-pairing. Our findings highlight the importance of behavioural compatibility, and possibly personality, in mitigating sexual conflict and its population-specific drivers.</p>
Climate change does not equally affect temporal patterns of natural selection on reproductive timing across populations in two songbird species
<p>Climate change has led to changes in the strength of directional selection on seasonal timing. Understanding the causes and consequences of these changes is crucial to predicting the impact of climate change. But are observed patterns in one population generalisable to others, and can spatial variation in selection be explained by environmental variation among populations? We used long-term data (1955–2022) on blue and great tits co-occurring in four locations across the Netherlands to assess inter-population variation in temporal patterns of selection on laying date. To analyse selection, we combine reproduction and adult survival into a joined fitness measure. We found distinct spatial variation in temporal patterns of selection which overall acted towards earlier laying, and which was due to selection through reproduction rather than through survival. The underlying relationships between temperature, bird and caterpillar phenology were however the same across populations, and the spatial variation in selection patterns is thus caused by spatial variation in the temperatures and other habitat characteristics to which birds and caterpillars respond. This underlines that climate change is not necessarily equally affecting populations, but that we can understand this spatial variation, which enables us to predict climate change effects on selection for other populations.</p>
Comparative Analysis of Maternal Gene Expression Patterns: Unraveling Evolutionary Signatures Across Reproductive Modes
<p>Dataset used to reproduce the analysis performed in "Comparative Analysis of Maternal Gene Expression Patterns: Unraveling Evolutionary Signatures Across Reproductive Modes" publication. The directory structure is the following:</p> <ul> <li>Gene_models - directory containing gene models (.gtf or .gff3 files) used for feature length comparisons across species</li> <li>intermediate_data - directory containing intermediate results from various scripts, the main purpose is to speed up the reproducibility of some longer running scripts <ul> <li>batch_adjusted_normalised_gene_expression_matrix.tsv - gene expression matrix used for evolutionary model fitting</li> <li>fc.tsv - fold change matrix used for evolutionary model fitting</li> <li>dated_species_tree.tre - species tree used throughout the model fitting step (newick format)</li> <li>DGE_script_enviorment.RData - saved R environment from differential gene expression analysis</li> <li>downregulated_IDs.RDS - gene IDs which undergo down-regulation throughout maternal-to-zygotic transition</li> <li>maternal_IDs.RDS - gene IDs which meet the cut-off criteria for being considered as maternally expressed</li> <li>N0_blasted.tsv - orthogroup annotations through blasting to a sequence database</li> <li>N0.tsv - orthogroups inferred from OrthoFinder</li> <li>OG_categories.tsv - classification of orthogroups based on them (I) having genes with maternal expression, but no significant down regulation, (II) having genes with maternal expression and significant down regulation throughout maternal-to-zygotic transition or (III) no maternal expression</li> <li>OG_presence.tsv - binary matrix coding for which orthogroup which species have gene expression values</li> <li>Paralog_variances.tsv - matrix containing variance metrics for paralogs in each species from before normalization across species</li> </ul> </li> <li>Pannzer2_annotation - directory containing GO annotations for all species from the Pannzer2 tool, used for GO analyses</li> <li>quantification_files - directory containing all salmon quantification outputs</li> <li>transcriptomes - <em>de novo</em> assembled transcriptomes for non-model species</li> </ul>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.