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opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Results from Air Quality Monitoring and Surveys in UK Residences - Appendix (Survey Questions)

Survey questions used in the paper titled "Results from Air Quality Monitoring and Surveys in UK Residences". Abstract below. Air pollution is a persistent issue in dwellings worldwide, costing an estimated 10-25 billion US dollars per year to the United Kingdom’s national health service alone. However, it is an “invisible problem” since background pollutants are often imperceptible except during acute pollution events such as wildfires. Although public awareness of ventilation has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there are few tools available to assess its efficacy. Widely available sensor systems that can measure these pollutants tend to be single units with simple apps and little connection to mitigation, whereas different rooms in a house may have different pollution issues with different recommended actions. In this study, we present the results of a measurement study conducted using a multi-room sensor kit in twenty-nine dwellings across the UK. We also analyze the occupants’ reaction to the hardware, data, and a prototype alerting system. The study shows broad awareness of air quality in the participants. However, this awareness rarely corresponded to effective mitigation actions or ventilation provision. The concept of alerts was welcomed by participants if accompanied by actionable recommendations. The data showed significant pollution events, as measured by proxies such as total VOC and CO2, occurring almost daily, particularly in households with gas appliances. These incidents were concentrated around particular times of day and behaviors, indicating that the capacity of infiltration and extract ventilation to bring in adequate fresh air was overwhelmed. No significant outdoor pollution was detected in houses, which was expected given their sheltered peri-urban locations. The study highlights the need for comprehensive implementation of measurement, ventilation, and treatment measures in the UK housing stock to reduce the impact of indoor pollution on health.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2012View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: Dainese M, Poldini L (2012) Does residence time affect responses of alien species richness to environmental and spatial processes? NeoBiota 14: 47-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.14.3273

Supplementary material 1 from: Dainese M, Poldini L (2012) Does residence time affect responses of alien species richness to environmental and spatial processes? NeoBiota 14: 47-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.14.3273

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2017View details →

Fig. 1 in Seasonal residency of loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta tracked from the Gulf of Manfredonia, South Adriatic Abstract

Fig. 1: Positions and paths of four loggerhead turtles (A, B, D, E) which remained in the Gulf of Manfredonia during the monitored period. The grey areas represent KDE 50%. Isobaths are shown (10, 20, 50 m).

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2017View details →

Fig. 2 in Seasonal residency of loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta tracked from the Gulf of Manfredonia, South Adriatic Abstract

Fig. 2: Turtle C. (a) entire path.(b) coastal subarea of the periods 4 Jul-11 Nov 2012 and 3 May-27 Jun 2013, where the grey area represents KDE 50% for aggregated data. (c)the same subarea with separate KDE 50% for the period 2012 (grey area) and 2013 (ellipse). AL: Albania; BA: Bosnia and Herzegovina; HR: Croatia; ME: Montenegro. Isobaths 200m (a) and 20 m (b and c) are shown.

Figure 5 in Nesting evidence, density and vocalisations in a resident population of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in Guatemala

Figure 5. Sonograms of songs of four male Savannah Sparrows Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in PRM Todos Santos Cuchumatán, dpto. Huehuetenango, Guatemala: (a) 5 June 2016 (Knut Eisermann, XC333471), including waveform, (b) 5 June 2016 (Knut Eisermann, XC333471), (c) 3 June 2016 (Knut Eisermann, XC333472), (d) 3 June 2016 (Knut Eisermann, XC333473). DW = descendent whistle. See Table 1 for signal measurements of marked notes.

Figure 4 in Nesting evidence, density and vocalisations in a resident population of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in Guatemala

Figure 4. (1) Approximate breeding range of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis in Mexico (sensu Howell & Webb 1995); (2) summer records in the Sierra Los Cuchumatanes, Guatemala, including recent nesting and other summer records (June–July 2016), and historic summer records (June 1897, van Rossem 1938); and (3) summer record from Sierra Madre range in June 2002 (J. Berry in Eisermann & Avendaño 2007). Chis. = Chiapas, Mexico, GT = Guatemala, HN = Honduras, SV = El Salvador. Inset map shows location of summer records of Savannah Sparrow in the Sierra Los Cuchumatanes (SLC) and Sierra Madre (SM) ranges in Guatemala.

Figure 3 in Nesting evidence, density and vocalisations in a resident population of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in Guatemala

Figure 3. Nesting evidence of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in PRM Todos Santos Cuchumatán, dpto. Huehuetenango, Guatemala: (a) nest with a single nestling, 2 July 2016 (a second nestling was found dead 20 cm from the nest); (b) recently fledged juvenile, barely able to fly, 3 July 2016, (c–d) two fledglings well able to fly, tail c.40% grown, 3 July 2016; (e) dependent juvenile with tail c.80% grown, 3 July 2016; and (f) immature, 27 August 2016 (Knut Eisermann)

Figure 2 in Nesting evidence, density and vocalisations in a resident population of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in Guatemala

Figure 2. Different adult Savannah Sparrows Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei of a breeding population in PRM Todos Santos Cuchumatán, dpto. Huehuetenango, Guatemala: (a) lateral; (b) dorsal, 5 June 2016; and (c) frontal view showing the neatly marked median crown-stripe, 2 July 2016 (Knut Eisermann)

Figure 1 in Nesting evidence, density and vocalisations in a resident population of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in Guatemala

Figure 1. Habitat of a breeding population of Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei at 3,700 m in PRM Todos Santos Cuchumatán, dpto. Huehuetenango, Guatemala, 5 June 2016; the undulating landscape, shaped by glaciers during the late Quaternary, is currently covered with grassland dominated by Muhlenbergia quadridentata (Poaceae) (Knut Eisermann)

opencc-zeroJul 2024View details →

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Data from: Gut-resident microorganisms and their genes are associated with cognition and neuroanatomy in children

The gastrointestinal tract, its resident microorganisms, and the central nervous system are connected by biochemical signaling, also known as the "microbiome-gut-brain-axis." Both the human brain and the gut microbiome have critical developmental windows in the first years of life, raising the possibility that their development is co-occurring and likely co-dependent. Emerging evidence implicates gut microorganisms and microbiota composition in cognitive outcomes and neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., autism and anxiety), but the influence of gut microbial metabolism on typical neurodevelopment has not been explored in detail. We investigated the relationship of the microbiome with the neuroanatomy and cognitive function of 381 healthy children, demonstrating that differences in gut microbial taxa and gene functions are associated with overall cognitive function and with differences in the size of multiple brain regions. Using a combination of multivariate linear and machine learning (ML) models, we showed that many species, including Alistipes obesi and Blautia wexlerae, were associated with higher cognitive function, while some species such as Ruminococcus gnavus were more commonly found in children with low cognitive scores after controlling for sociodemographic factors. Microbial genes for enzymes involved in the metabolism of neuroactive compounds, particularly short-chain fatty acids such as acetate and propionate, were also associated with cognitive function. In addition, ML models were able to use microbial taxa to predict the volume of brain regions, and many taxa that were identified as important in predicting cognitive function also dominated the feature importance metric for individual brain regions, and for specific subscales of cognitive function. For example, B. wexlerae was the most important species in models predicting the size of the parahippocampal region in both the left and right hemispheres and was among the top predictors of gross motor and expressive language performance. Several species from the phylum Bacteroidetes, including GABA-producing Bacteroides ovatus, were important for predicting the size of the left accumbens area, but not the right. These findings provide potential biomarkers of neurocognition and brain development and may lead to the future development of targets for early detection and early intervention.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Figure 1 in Newly registered tracks of Raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) indicate the presence of resident population in the region of Bolata dere (NE Bulgaria)

Figure 1. Schematic map of Bolata bay. The red dot indicates the position of the footprints of a Raccoon dog found on 16.04.2015. Abbreviations: N. p. tracks – Nyctereutes procyonoides tracks; r.n. - road north, r.s.- road south. Scale bar – 60 m.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2016View details →

Fig. 3 in Haemosporidian parasite infections in grouse and ptarmigan: Prevalence and genetic diversity of blood parasites in resident Alaskan birds

Fig. 3. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of haemosporidian mtDNA cytochrome b haplotypes isolated from Alaskan grouse and ptarmigan species. Node tips are labeled with abbreviation for parasite genus (Haem = Haemoproteus, Leuc = Leucocytozoon, and Plas = Plasmodium), followed by the lineage name, GenBank accession number for each lineage, and avian (Phas = Phasianidae, Anat = Anatiade, Turd = Turdidae, Paru = Parulidae, Scol = Scolopacidae, Embe = Emberizidae, and Frin = Fringillidae) or invertebrate (Simu = Simuliidae) host family. All haplotypes identified in this study are highlighted in red and asterisks following tip labels indicate a lineage that was isolated from Alaskan bird hosts. Numbers on branches indicate posterior probabilities from our analysis. All reference sequences were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information website or the MalAvi database. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2016View details →

Fig. 2. Minimum spanning network for haemosporidian mtDNA cytochrome b in Haemosporidian parasite infections in grouse and ptarmigan: Prevalence and genetic diversity of blood parasites in resident Alaskan birds

Fig. 2. Minimum spanning network for haemosporidian mtDNA cytochrome b haplotypes isolated from Alaskan grouse and ptarmigan species. Dark circles represent un-sampled nodes. All circles are proportional to the frequency at which the haplotypes were detected. Lines between nodes are drawn to scale based on the number of nucleotide mutations unless otherwise indicated by hash marks.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2016View details →

Fig. 1 in Haemosporidian parasite infections in grouse and ptarmigan: Prevalence and genetic diversity of blood parasites in resident Alaskan birds

Fig. 1. Map of Alaskan sampling regions assembled from multiple game management units and sub-units. Regions were grouped for analysis of haemosporidian prevalence as follows: southcoastal (Kenai Peninsula and southeastern Alaska; GMUs 1C, 1D, 2, 7, 15A, 15B, and 15C), southcentral (Anchorage area and Matanuska-Susitna Valley; GMUs 13A, 13D, 14A, 14C, 16A, and 16B), southwestern (Bristol Bay, Alaska Peninsula, and eastern Aleutian islands; 9D, 9E, and 17C), southern interior (south side of Alaska Range; GMUs 12, 13B, and 13E), northern interior (north side of Alaska Range; GMUs 20A-20E and 25C), and Seward Peninsula (GMU 22C).

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2019View details →

Bodhgayā, Bihar. Pillar with Sūrya while still in the Mahant's residence.

Bodhgayā, Bihar. Pillar with Sūrya while still in the Mahant's residence. British Museum 1897,0528,0.68 (detail), collected by Alexander Cunningham and acquired from him by A. W. Franks who bequeathed the photograph to the museum in 1897.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2019View details →

Approximate map of Sulemaana Kantè's post-1941 travels and history of residence in West Africa

Approximate map of Kantè’s post-1941 travels and history of residence in West Africa. Originally appeared in the following: Donaldson, Coleman. 2017. “Clear Language: Script, Register and the N’ko Movement of Manding-Speaking West Africa.” Doctoral Dissertation, Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, PA. <a href="https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI10681364/">https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI10681364/</a>. Created with data from the following sources: Amselle, Jean-Loup. 2003. “Peut-on être musulman sans être arabe? : A propos du N’ko malinké d’Afrique de l’Ouest.” In Islam et villes en Afrique au sud du Sahara: entre soufisme et fondamentalisme, edited by Adriana Piga and Costanza Ventura, 257–69. Paris: Karthala. Kántɛ, Sùlemáana. 1968. Ɲìninkalibá’ 5 n’à jáabi’ ߢߌ߬ߣߌ߲߬ߞߊ߬ߟߌ߬ߓߊ ߅ ߣߴߊ߬ ߖߊ߯ߓߌ [Five Big Questions and Their Answer]. Edited by Bàbá Màmádi Jàanɛ. Oyler, Dianne White. 2005. The History of the N’ko Alphabet and Its Role in Mandé Transnational Identity: Words as Weapons. Cherry Hill, NJ: Africana Homestead Legacy Publishers. Sangaré, Mahmoud. 2011. Jón yé Sòlomána Kántɛ́ dí? ߖߐ߲߫ ߧߋ߫ ߛߟߏ߬ߡߣߊ߫ ߞߊ߲ߕߍ߫ ߘߌ߫؟ [Who Is Sulemaana Kantè?]. Bamako, Mali. -- Blog: <a href="https://ajami.hypotheses.org/">https://ajami.hypotheses.org/</a> Project: <a href="https://www.manuscript-cultures.uni-hamburg.de/ajami/index_e.html">https://www.manuscript-cultures.uni-hamburg.de/ajami/index_e.html</a>

Fig. 2 in Do euglossine females reside in a single nest? Notes on Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)

Fig. 2. Time of permanence of Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758) females (A-V) inside the boxes (green) during the period of studY (blue), JulY 2013 to JanuarY 2014, in FortaleZa, CE, BraZil.

Fig. 5 in Do euglossine females reside in a single nest? Notes on Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)

Fig. 5. Percentage of time spent bY each bee inside the box in which it remained more daYs. It represents nest fidelitY (residencY) of each Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758) individual (from JulY 2013 to JanuarY 2014, in FortaleZa, CE, BraZil).

Fig. 4 in Do euglossine females reside in a single nest? Notes on Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)

Fig. 4. Number of boxes used bY a Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758) female during the period of studY (JulY 2013 to JanuarY 2014), in FortaleZa, CE, BraZil.

Fig. 3 in Do euglossine females reside in a single nest? Notes on Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)

Fig. 3. Number of days taken by females Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758) to supplY a cell (JulY 2013 to JanuarY 2014, in FortaleZa, CE, BraZil). Box numbers are B1-B12.