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Evaluating the Infectivity, Safety, and Immunogenicity of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine (RSV 6120/∆NS2/1030s) in RSV-Seropositive Children and RSV-Seronegative Infants and Children

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03387137. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Evaluating the Effect of Mucinex 1200mg on Mucociliary and Cough Clearance During an Acute Respiratory Infection

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01114581. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Efficacy of an Extract of Concentrated Korean Red Ginseng for Preventing Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01478009. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Efficacy and Safety of Emapalumab and Anakinra in Reducing Hyperinflammation and Respiratory Distress in Patients With COVID-19 Infection.

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04324021. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Rapid Diagnostics for Upper Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Department

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02957136. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

dryad36/100

Data from: Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicNov 2018View details →

dryad36/100

Lung microbiome in children with hematological malignancies and lower respiratory tract infections

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicSep 2022View details →

opencc-zeroFeb 2020View details →

Data from: Nasopharyngeal microbiome profiles in rural Venezuelan children are associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal infections

Background: Recent research suggests that the microbiota affects susceptibility to both respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and gastrointestinal infections (GIIs). In order to optimize global treatment options, it is important to characterize microbiota profiles across different niches and geographic/socioeconomic areas where RTI and GII prevalences are high. Methods: We performed 16S sequencing of nasopharyngeal swabs from 209 Venezuelan Amerindian children aged 6 weeks–59 months who were participating in a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) study. Using random forest models, differential abundance testing, and regression analysis, we determined whether specific bacteria were associated with RTIs or GIIs and variation in PCV13 response. Results: Microbiota compositions differed between children with or without RTIs (P = .018) or GIIs (P = .001). Several species were associated with the absence of infections. Some of these health-associated bacteria are also observed in developed regions, such as Corynebacterium (log2(fold change [FC]) = 3.30 for RTIs and log2(FC) = 1.71 for GIIs), while others are not commonly observed in developed regions, such as Acinetobacter (log2(FC) = 2.82 and log2(FC) = 5.06, respectively). Klebsiella spp. presence was associ- ated with both RTIs (log2(FC) = 5.48) and GIIs (log2(FC) = 7.20). Conclusions: The nasopharyngeal microbiota of rural Venezuelan children included several bacteria that thrive in tropical humid climates. Interestingly, nasopharyngeal microbiota composition not only differed in children with an RTI but also in those with a GII, which suggests a reciprocal interplay between the 2 environments. Knowledge of region-specific microbiota patterns enables tailoring of preventive and therapeutic approaches.

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Co-infection best predicts respiratory viral infection in a wild host

1) The dynamics of directly transmitted pathogens in natural populations are likely to result from the combined effects of host traits, pathogen biology and interactions among pathogens within a host. Discovering how these factors work in concert to shape variation in pathogen dynamics in natural host – multi‐pathogen systems is fundamental to understanding population health. 2) Here, we describe temporal variation in incidence and then elucidate the effect of hosts trait, season, and pathogen co‐occurrence on host infection risk using one of the most comprehensive studies of co‐infection in a wild population: a suite of seven directly‐transmitted, viral and bacterial, respiratory infections from a four‐year study of 200 free‐ranging African buffalo (Syncerus caffer). 3) Incidence of upper respiratory infections was common throughout the study – five out of the seven pathogens appeared to be consistently circulating throughout our study population. One pathogen exhibited clear outbreak dynamics in our final study year and another was rarely detected. 4) Co‐infection was also common in this system. The strongest indicator of pathogen occurrence for respiratory viruses was, in fact, the presence of other viral respiratory infections. Host traits had minimal effects on odds of pathogen occurrence but did modify pathogen‐pathogen associations. In contrast, only season predicted bacterial pathogen occurrence. 5) Though a combination of environmental, behavioral, and physiological factors work together to shape disease dynamics, we found pathogen associations best determined infection risk. Our study demonstrates that, in absence of very fine‐scale data, the intricate changes among these factors are best represented by co‐infection.

opencc-zeroDec 2013View details →

Data from: Does hugging provide stress-buffering social support? A study of susceptibility to upper respiratory infection and illness

Perceived social support has been hypothesized to protect against the pathogenic effects of stress. How such protection might be conferred, however, is not well understood. Using a sample of 404 healthy adults, we examined the roles of perceived social support and received hugs in buffering against interpersonal stress-induced susceptibility to infectious disease. Perceived support was assessed by questionnaire, and daily interpersonal conflict and receipt of hugs were assessed by telephone interviews on 14 consecutive evenings. Subsequently, participants were exposed to a virus that causes a common cold and were monitored in quarantine to assess infection and illness signs. Perceived support protected against the rise in infection risk associated with increasing frequency of conflict. A similar stress-buffering effect emerged for hugging, which explained 32% of the attenuating effect of support. Among infected participants, greater perceived support and more-frequent hugs each predicted less-severe illness signs. These data suggest that hugging may effectively convey social support.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Characteristics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus infections in children in the Post-COVID seasons: a Northern Italy Hospital experience.

Background: Public health measures for COVID-19 mitigation influenced the circulation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) during the 2020-2021 winter season. In the following autumn, an unprecedented resurgence of RSV occurred. In our study we monitored RSV pediatric infections, one and two years after the relaxation of containment measures for COVID-19 pandemics. Methods: we analyzed diagnostic molecular data for SARS-CoV-2, Flu and RSV infections and clinical data from children with respiratory symptoms referring to our hospital during 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 seasons. Results: In 2021-22 season, the number of RSV affected children was very high, especially for babies <1 year. The outbreak appeared in a shorter interval of time, with a high clinical severity. In the 2022-23 season, a reduced number of infected pediatric patients were detected, with a similar hospitalization rate (46% vs 40%) and RSV accounted for 12% of the infections. Coinfections were observed in age <2 years. In RSV patients, symptoms were similar across the two seasons. Conclusions: clinical presentation of RSV in the two post-COVID seasons suggests that the pathophysiology of the virus did not change across these two years. Further studies are needed to continuously monitor RSV, for supporting an effective prevention strategy.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Targeting host-virus interactions: In silico analysis of the binding of human milk oligosaccharides to viral proteins involved in respiratory infections

Respiratory viral infections, a major public health concern, necessitate the continuous development of novel antiviral strategies, particularly in the face of emerging and re-emerging pathogens. In this study, we explored the potential of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) as broad-spectrum antiviral agents against key respiratory viruses. By examining the structural mimicry of host cell receptors and their known biological functions, including antiviral activities, we assessed the ability of HMOs to bind and potentially inhibit viral proteins crucial for host cell entry. Our in silico analysis focused on viral proteins integral to host-virus interactions, namely, the hemagglutinin protein of influenza, fusion proteins of respiratory syncytial and human metapneumovirus, and the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Using molecular docking and simulation studies, we demonstrated that HMOs exhibit varying binding affinities to these viral proteins, suggesting their potential as viral entry inhibitors. This study identified several HMOs with promising binding profiles, highlighting their potential in antiviral drug development. This research provides a foundation for utilizing HMOs as a natural source for designing new therapeutics, offering a novel approach in the fight against respiratory viral infections.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Stenotrophomonas isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis and other chronic respiratory infections

Background: The potential pathogenic role of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in lung disease and in particular in cystic fibrosis is unclear. To develop further understanding of the biology of this taxa, the taxonomic position, antibiotic resistance and virulence factors of S. maltophilia isolates from patients with chronic lung disease were studied. Results: A total of 111 isolates recovered between 2003 and 2016 from respiratory samples from patients in five different countries were included. Based on a cut-off of 95%, analysis of average nucleotide identity by BLAST (ANIb) showed that the 111 isolates identified as S. maltophilia by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) belonged to S. maltophilia (n=65), S. pavanii (n=6) and 13 putative novel species (n=40), which each included 1-5 isolates; these groupings coincided with the results of the 16S rDNA analysis, and the L1 and L2 ß-lactamase Neighbor-Joining phylogeny. Chromosomally encoded aminoglycoside resistance was identified in all S. maltophilia and S. pavani isolates, while acquired antibiotic resistance genes were present in only a few isolates. Nevertheless, phenotypic resistance levels against commonly used antibiotics, determined by standard broth microbroth dilution, were high. Although putative virulence genes were present in all isolates, the percentage of positive isolates varied. The Xps II secretion system responsible for the secretion of the StmPr1-3 proteases was mainly limited to isolates identified as S. maltophilia based on ANIb, but no correlation with phenotypic expression of protease activity was found. The RPF two-component quorum sensing system involved in virulence and antibiotic resistance expression has two main variants with one variant lacking 190 amino acids in the sensing region. Conclusions: The putative novel Stenotrophomonas species recovered from patient samples and identified by MALDI-TOF/MS as S. maltophilia, differed from S. maltophilia in resistance and virulence genes, and therefore possibly in pathogenicity. Revision of the Stenotrophomonas taxonomy is needed in order to reliably identify strains within the genus and elucidate the role of the different species in disease.

opencc-by-sa-4.0Nov 2017View details →

Identifying volatile metabolite signatures for the diagnosis of bacterial respiratory tract infection using electronic nose technology: a pilot study

Datasets for the Identifying volatile metabolite signatures for the diagnosis of bacterial respiratory tract infection using electronic nose technology: a pilot study.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infects the reproductive system of male piglets and impairs development of the blood–testis barrier

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes a highly contagious disease that threatens the global swine industry. Recent studies have focused on the damage that PRRSV causes to the reproductive system of male pigs, although pathological research is lacking. Therefore, we examined the pathogenic mechanisms in male piglets infected with PRRSV. Gross and histopathological changes indicated that PRRSV affected the entire reproductive system, as confirmed via immunohistochemical analysis. PRRSV infected Sertoli cells and spermatogonia. To test the new hypothesis that PRRSV infection in piglets impairs blood–testis barrier (BTB) development, we investigated the pathology of PRRSV damage in the BTB. PRRSV infection significantly decreased the quantity and proliferative capacity of Sertoli cells constituting the BTB. Zonula occludens-1 and β-catenin were downregulated in cell–cell junctions. Transcriptome analysis revealed that several crucial genes and signaling pathways involved in the growth and development of Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and tight junctions in the testes were downregulated. Apoptosis, necroptosis, inflammatory, and oxidative stress-related pathways were activated, whereas hormone secretion-related pathways were inhibited. Many Sertoli cells and spermatogonia underwent apoptosis during early differentiation. Infected piglets exhibited disrupted androgen secretion, leading to significantly reduced testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone levels. A cytokine storm occurred, notably upregulating cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. Markers of oxidative-stress damage (i.e., H2O2, malondialdehyde, and glutathione) were upregulated, whereas antioxidant-enzyme activities (i.e., superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase) were downregulated. Our results demonstrated that PRRSV infected multiple organs in the male reproductive system, which imparied growth in the BTB.

Clinical Application of PCR-based Diagnosis of Community-onset Viral Respiratory Infections.

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01133782. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Units Throughout Turkey: Prospective Multicenter Study (TurkNICU-RSV Trial)

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01915394. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Insulin Regulation and Severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome COVID-19 Infection

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05897528. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

Efficacy of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Devices to Reduce Respiratory Infections in Nursing Homes: Cluster Randomized Crossover Trial

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06569160. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

Viral Testing and Biomarkers to Reduce Antibiotic Use for Respiratory Infections

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01907659. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.