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125 results for “sedge”
Data from: Contrasting patterns of clonality and fine-scale genetic structure in two rare sedges with differing geographic distributions
For plants with mixed reproductive capabilities, asexual reproduction is more frequent in rare species and is considered a strategy for persistence when sexual recruitment is limited. We investigate whether asexual reproduction contributes to the persistence of two co-occurring, rare sedges that both experience irregular seed set and if their differing geographic distributions have a role in the relative contribution of clonality. Genotypic richness was high (R=0.889±0.02) across the clustered populations of Lepidosperma sp. Mt Caudan and, where detected, clonal patches were small, both in ramet numbers (less than or equal to3 ramets/genet) and physical size (1.3±0.1 m). In contrast, genotypic richness was lower in the isolated L. sp. Parker Range populations, albeit more variable (R=0.437±0.13), with genets as large as 17 ramets and up to 5.8 m in size. Aggregated clonal growth generated significant fine-scale genetic structure in both species but to a greater spatial extent and with additional genet-level structure in L. sp. Parker Range that is likely due to restricted seed dispersal. Despite both species being rare, asexual reproduction clearly has a more important role in the persistence of L. sp. Parker Range than L. sp. Mt Caudan. This is consistent with our prediction that limitations to sexual reproduction, via geographic isolation to effective gene exchange, can lead to greater contributions of asexual reproduction. These results demonstrate the role of population isolation in affecting the balance of alternate reproductive modes and the contextual nature of asexual reproduction in rare species.
Data from: Using supermatrices for phylogenetic inquiry: an example using the sedges
In this article, we use supermatrix data-mining methods to reconstruct a large, highly inclusive phylogeny of Cyperaceae from nucleotide data available on GenBank. We explore the properties of these trees and their utility for phylogenetic inference, and show that even the highly incomplete alignments characteristic of supermatrix approaches may yield very good estimates of phylogeny. We present a novel pipeline for filtering sparse alignments to improve their phylogenetic utility by maximizing the partial decisiveness of the matrices themselves through a technique we call "phylogenetic scaffolding," and we present a new method of scoring tip instability (i.e. "rogue taxa") based on the I statistic implemented in the software Mesquite. The modified statistic, which we call IS, is somewhat more straightforward to interpret than similar statistics, and our implementation of it may be applied to large sets of large trees. The largest sedge trees presented here contain more than 1500 tips (about one quarter of all sedge species) and are based on multigene alignments with more than 20 000 sites and more than 90% missing data. These trees match well with previously supported phylogenetic hypotheses, but have lower overall support values and less resolution than more heavily filtered trees. Our best-resolved trees are characterized by stronger support values than any previously published sedge phylogenies, and show some relationships that are incongruous with previous studies. Overall, we show that supermatrix methods offer powerful means of pursuing phylogenetic study and these tools have high potential value for many systematic biologists.
FIGURE 6 in New eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from sedges in Poland and supplement description of Eriophyes lentiginosus Mitrofanov, Sharonov et Sekerskaja, 1983
FIGURE 6: Eriophyes lentiginosus larva: CL—coxisternum and 3a and c2 setae; L—lateral aspect; PS—prodorsal shield
FIGURE 3 in New eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from sedges in Poland and supplement description of Eriophyes lentiginosus Mitrofanov, Sharonov et Sekerskaja, 1983
FIGURE 3: Eriophyes lentiginosus female: D—dorsal aspect; em empodium; IG—internal genitalia; L1, L2—legs I and II
FIGURE 4 in New eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from sedges in Poland and supplement description of Eriophyes lentiginosus Mitrofanov, Sharonov et Sekerskaja, 1983
FIGURE 4: Eriophyes lentiginosus: CG—coxigenital region of female; GM—genital region of male; PV—posteroventral region of female
FIGURE 2 in New eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from sedges in Poland and supplement description of Eriophyes lentiginosus Mitrofanov, Sharonov et Sekerskaja, 1983
FIGURE 2: Cupacarus acutivagrans n. sp. CG—coxigenital region of female; GM—genital region of male; NM—microtubercles of nymph; PS—prodorsal shield of male
FIGURE 1 in New eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from sedges in Poland and supplement description of Eriophyes lentiginosus Mitrofanov, Sharonov et Sekerskaja, 1983
FIGURE 1: Cupacarus acutivagrans n. sp. female: D—dorsal aspect; em—empodium; IG—internal genitalia; PV—posteroventral region; s—solenidion
FIGURE 7 in Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phytoptidae) and a supplementary description of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen 1950 from sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 7. Factor score distributions of protogyne females of mites Phytoptus atherodes and Phytoptus hirtae from samples #1 and ## 6–9 (characteristics of the samples are given in Table 2). Samples ## 2, 3, 4 and 5 were not incorporated to avoid the inclusion of deutogyne females.
FIGURE 4 in Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phytoptidae) and a supplementary description of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen 1950 from sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 4. The percentage ratio of different variants of empodia of females (both protogyne and deutogyne forms) of Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. from samples ##1–5 (characteristics of the samples are given in Table 2). Remark: a decrease in the red columns reflects the reduction of protogynes and an increase in the yellow columns reflects a rise in the number of deutogynes.
FIGURE 1 in Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phytoptidae) and a supplementary description of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen 1950 from sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 1. Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. A. dorsal view of protogyne female, B. prodorsal shield of protogyne female, C. prodorsal shield of deutogyne female, D. coxogenital area of protogyne female, E. epiandrium, F. leg I, G. leg II, H. empodium of protogyne female, I. empodium of deutogyne female, J. empodium of male. Scale bar (μm): A=150; B–G=45; H–J= 15.
FIGURE 3 in Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phytoptidae) and a supplementary description of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen 1950 from sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 3. Phytoptus hirtae (Roivainen, 1950), female. A. prodorsal shield; B. coxogenital area; C. dorsal mite; D. leg I; E. leg II; F. empodium. Scale bar (μm): A, B, D, E=50; C=200; F=10.
FIGURE 6 in Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phytoptidae) and a supplementary description of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen 1950 from sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 6. The percentage ratio of different variants of empodia of females of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen, 1950 from samples #8, #9 and #10 (characteristics of the samples are given in Table 2).
FIGURE 5 in Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phytoptidae) and a supplementary description of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen 1950 from sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 5. The percentage ratio of protogyne (s) and deutogyne (w) females of Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. in samples ##1–5 (characteristics of the samples are given in Table 2).
FIGURE 2 in Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phytoptidae) and a supplementary description of Phytoptus hirtae Roivainen 1950 from sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 2. Distribution of Phytoptus atherodes sp. n. and P. h i r t a e Roivainen 1950. Legend: ․—distribution of P. atherodes; *— type locality P. h i r t a e, ●— other findings of P. h i r t a e in Europe.
FIGURE 3 in New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 3. Gahniacarus tuberculatus sp. nov. adult female—posterior venter; with details of variation in spermatheca.
FIGURE 18 in New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 18. Cyperacarus naomae sp. nov. protonymph—dorsum, with details of legs (specimen has split open on ventral surface).
FIGURE 13 in New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 13. Cyperacarus naomae sp. nov. adult female—ventral opisthosoma, with detail of legs III–IV; detail of spermatheca.
FIGURE 5 in New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 5. Gahniacarus tuberculatus sp. nov. adult male—dorsum, with detail of legs; detail of aedeagus.
FIGURE 4 in New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 4. Gahniacarus tuberculatus sp. nov. adult female—legs I–IV (legs I–II dorsal-paraxial view; legs III–IV dorsalantiaxial view).
FIGURE 1 in New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae)
FIGURE 1. DIC image of adult female dorsum. a. Gahniacarus tuberculatus sp. nov.; b. Gahniacarus gersonus sp. nov.; c. Cyperacarus naomae sp. nov. (scale bar = 50μm).
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