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278 results for “sibling species”
Figure 1 in Use of morphological and molecular data to identify three new sibling species of the genus Munida Leach, 1820 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) from New Caledonia
Figure 1. Munida parile sp. nov., ovigerous female 3.7 mm, holotype from stn 1701 (NORFOLK 1). (A) Carapace, dorsal view; (B) sternal plastron; (C) ventral view of cephalic region, showing antennular and antennal peduncles; (D) left third maxilliped, lateral view; (E) right cheliped, dorsal view; (F) left first walking leg, lateral view; (G) dactylus of left first walking leg, lateral view.
Data from: Foraging behaviour and habitat-use drives niche segregation in sibling seabird species
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Data from: Quantitative proteomics reveals rapid divergence in the postmating response of female reproductive tracts among sibling species
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Fertility depends, in part, on interactions between male and female reproductive proteins inside the female reproductive tract (FRT) that mediate postmating changes in female behavior, morphology, and physiology. Coevolution between interacting proteins within species may drive reproductive incompatibilities between species, yet the mechanisms underlying postmating-prezygotic isolating barriers remain poorly resolved. Here, we used quantitative proteomics in sibling <i>Drosophila</i> species to investigate the molecular composition of the FRT environment and its role in mediating species-specific postmating responses. We found that (1) FRT proteomes in <i>D. simulans</i> and<i> D. mauritiana</i> virgin females express unique combinations of secreted proteins and are enriched for distinct functional categories, (2) mating induces substantial changes to the FRT proteome in <i>D. mauritiana</i> but not in <i>D. simulans</i>, and (3) the <i>D. simulans </i>FRT proteome exhibits limited postmating changes irrespective of whether females mate with conspecific or heterospecific males, suggesting an active female role in mediating reproductive interactions. Comparisons with similar data in the closely related outgroup species <i>D. melanogaster </i>suggest that divergence is concentrated on the <i>D. simulans </i>lineage. Our study suggests that divergence in the FRT extracellular environment and postmating response contribute to previously described patterns of postmating-prezygotic isolation and the maintenance of species boundaries.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Phenotypic divergence in two sibling species of shorebird: Common Snipe and Wilson's Snipe (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae)
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Natural selection and social selection are among the main shapers of biological diversity, but their relative importance in divergence remains understudied. Additionally, although neutral evolutionary processes may promote phenotypic divergence, their potential contribution in speciation is often overlooked in studies of comparative morphology. In this study, we investigated phenotypic differentiation in two allopatric shorebirds: the Palearctic Common Snipe <i>Gallinago gallinago</i> and the Nearctic Wilson's Snipe <i>G. delicata</i>. Specimens of Common Snipe (n = 355 skins, n = 163 skeletons) and Wilson's Snipe (n = 403 skins, n = 141 skeletons) in natural history collections, were examined to quantify differences in skeletal and external measurements, and measures on wing and tail plumage variables. The species did not differ in skeletal variables except for the relatively larger sternum of the Common Snipe. The two species do not differ in multivariate wing size or shape (pointedness). Previously known plumage differences between these species were confirmed: the Common Snipe has fewer rectrices, longer and wider outermost rectrices, more extensive white on tips of the secondary feathers, and more white in the axillaries. Between-species variance in skeleton, primary length, and plumage variables was greater than expected if drift was mainly responsible for phenotypic divergence, suggesting a role of selective processes. However, drift could not be rejected after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Differences in plumage traits were greater than in skeletal or external measurements. Because snipe use plumage traits in signalling, the results suggest a faster divergence between these species in socially selected traits than in those related to resource use.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Dense geographic and genomic sampling reveals paraphyly and a cryptic lineage in a classic sibling species complex
Incomplete or geographically biased sampling poses significant problems for research in phylogeography, population genetics, phylogenetics, and species delimitation. Despite the power of using genome-wide genetic markers in systematics and related fields, approaches such as the multispecies coalescent remain unable to easily account for unsampled lineages. The Empidonax difficilis / E. occidentalis complex of small tyrannid flycatchers (Aves: Tyrannidae) is a classic example of widely-distributed species with limited phenotypic geographic variation that was broken into two largely cryptic (or "sibling") lineages following extensive study. Though the group is well-characterized north of the U.S. Mexico border, the evolutionary distinctiveness and phylogenetic relationships of southern populations remain obscure. In this paper, we use dense genomic and geographic sampling across the majority of the range of the E. difficilis / E . occidentalis complex to assess whether current taxonomy and species limits reflect underlying evolutionary patterns, or whether they are an artifact of historically biased or incomplete sampling. We find that additional samples from Mexico render the widely recognized species-level lineage E. occidentalis paraphyletic, though it retains support in the best-fit species delimitation model from clustering analyses. We further identify a highly divergent unrecognized lineage in a previously unsampled portion of the group's range, which a cline analysis suggests is more reproductively isolated than the currently recognized species E. difficilis and E. occidentalis. Our phylogeny supports a southern origin of these taxa. Our results highlight the pervasive impacts of biased geographic sampling, even in well-studied vertebrate groups like birds, and illustrate what is a common problem when attempting to define species in the face of recent divergence and reticulate evolution.
Data from: Reproductive interference and fecundity affect competitive interactions of sibling species with low mating barriers: experimental and theoretical evidence
When allopatric species with incomplete prezygotic isolation come into secondary contact, the outcome of their interaction is not easily predicted. The parasitoid wasp Encarsia suzannae (iES), infected by Cardinium inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), and its sibling species E. gennaroi (EG), not infected by bacterial endosymbionts, may have diverged because of the complementary action of CI and asymmetric hybrid incompatibilities. Whereas postzygotic isolation is now complete due to sterility of F1 hybrid progeny, prezygotic isolation is still incipient. We set up laboratory population cage experiments to evaluate the outcome of the interaction between ES and EG in two pairwise combinations: iES vs. EG and cured ES (cES, where Cardinium was removed with antibiotics) vs. EG. We also built a theoretical model aimed at exploring the role of life history differences and asymmetric mating on competitive outcomes. In three of four cages in each treatment, ES dominated the interaction. We found evidence for reproductive interference, driven by asymmetric mating preferences, which gave a competitive edge to ES, the species that better discriminated against heterospecifics. However, we did not find the fecundity cost previously shown to be associated with Cardinium infection in iES. The model largely supported the experimental results. The finding of only a slight competitive edge of ES over EG in population cages suggests that in a more heterogeneous environment the species could coexist. This is supported by evidence that the two species coexist in sympatry, where preliminary data suggest reproductive character displacement may have reinforced postzygotic isolation.
Similar looking sisters: A new sibling species in the Pristimantis danae group from the southwestern Amazon basin (Anura, Strabomantidae)
<p><strong>Supplementary data <br></strong></p> <p>Köhler et al. (2024): Similar looking sisters: A new sibling species in the <em>Pristimantis danae</em> group from the southwestern Amazon basin (Anura, Strabomantidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (2): 565-582.</p> <p>Recordings of anuran advertisement calls:</p> <p><strong><em>Pristimantis asimus: </em></strong>recorded 29 November 2008 (18:15 h) by Frank Glaw, air temperature not recorded.<br>Locality: Peru: Departamento Huánuco: Provincia Puerto Inca, ACP Panguana, 9.6166°S, 74.9333°W.<br>Call voucher: MUSM 29028</p> <p><strong><em>Pristimantis reichlei</em></strong>: recorded 18 December 1998 by Jörn Köhler, air temperature 16.7 °C.<br>Locality: Bolivia: Departamento Cochabamba: Provincia Chapare: "old Chapare road", 17°07'S, 65°34'W.<br>Recording band-pass filtered at 900-3600 Hz.</p> <p> </p>
Environmental niche overlap in sibling planktonic species calanus finmarchicus and c. glacialis in Arctic fjords
<p><span>Knowledge of the environmental preferences of the key planktonic species, such as Calanus copepods in the Arctic, is crucial to understand ecosystem function and its future under climate change. Here we assessed the environmental conditions influencing the development stages of Atlantic C. finmarchicus and Arctic C. glacialis, and quantified the extent to which their niches overlap by incorporating multiple environmental data. We based our analysis on a three-year seasonal collection of zooplankton by sediment traps, located on moorings in two contrasting Svalbard fjords: the Arctic Rijpfjorden, and the Atlantic-influenced Kongsfjorden. Despite large differences in water temperature between the fjords, local realized niches of the sibling Calanus species overlapped almost perfectly. The exception was the earliest copepodites of C. glacialis in Rijpfjorden, which probably utilized the local ice algal bloom in spring. However, during periods with no sea ice, like in Kongsfjorden, the siblings of both Calanus species showed high synchronization in the population structure. Interestingly, differences in temperature preferences of C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis were much higher between the studied fjords than between the species. Our analysis confirmed the high plasticity of Calanus copepods and their </span><span>abilities to adapt to highly variable environmental settings, not only on an interannual basis, but also </span><span>in a climate warming context</span><span>, indicating some resilience in the Calanus community.</span></p>
Figure 1 in Chironomus calligraphus Goeldi, 1905 and C. hawaiiensis Grimshaw, 1901 are sibling species
Figure 1. Male hypopygium (left) and superior volsella (right) of C. hawaiiensis from Oahu, Hawaii.
Phenotypic divergence in two sibling species of shorebird: Common Snipe and Wilson's Snipe (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae)
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Environmental niche overlap in sibling planktonic species calanus finmarchicus and c. glacialis in Arctic fjords
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Data from: Quantitative proteomics reveals rapid divergence in the postmating response of female reproductive tracts among sibling species
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Data from: Reproductive interference and fecundity affect competitive interactions of sibling species with low mating barriers: experimental and theoretical evidence
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Data from: Sibling species of mutualistic Symbiodinium clade G from bioeroding sponges in the western Pacific and western Atlantic oceans
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Data from: Dense geographic and genomic sampling reveals paraphyly and a cryptic lineage in a classic sibling species complex
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FIGURE 3. M in Revision of the Metallactus generosus species-group with a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the endophallus morphology in distinguishing critical sibling species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)
FIGURE 3. M. nigroplagiatus new species: a–b: habitus (lectotype, from type locality); c–e: median lobe of aedeagus in ventral (c), dorsal (d) and lateral (e) view [0.7 mm]; f: sclerites of endophallus in lateral view [0.5 mm]; g: spermatheca [0.4 mm]; h: antenna [1.6 mm]. scI–IV: sclerites I–IV of endophallus; ds: dorsal spicule. Square brackets: length of scale segment.
FIGURES 1–2. Metallactus generosus Suffrian, 1866 in Revision of the Metallactus generosus species-group with a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the endophallus morphology in distinguishing critical sibling species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)
FIGURES 1–2. Metallactus generosus Suffrian, 1866 (1), M. argentinensis Jacoby, 1907 (2): 1a–b: habitus; 1c–e: median lobe of aedeagus in ventral (c), dorsal (d) and lateral (e) view [0.8 mm]; 1f: sclerites of endophallus in lateral view [0.4 mm]; 1g: spermatheca [0.6 mm]; 1h: antenna [1.6 mm]. 2a–b: habitus; 2c–e: median lobe of aedeagus in ventral (c), dorsal (d) and lateral (e) view [0.8 mm]; 2f: sclerites of endophallus in lateral view [0.5 mm]; 2g: spermatheca [0.4 mm]; 2h: antenna [1.5 mm]. 1a–b: lectotype; 2a–b: lectotype. scI–IV: sclerites I–IV of endophallus; ds: dorsal spicule; sd: setose depression. Square brackets: length of scale segment.
FIGURE 8 in Revision of the Metallactus generosus species-group with a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the endophallus morphology in distinguishing critical sibling species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)
FIGURE 8. Sclerites of endophallus of Metallactus luniger Suffrian, 1866 (a), M. crassicollis Suffrian, 1866 (b), M. sekerkai Sassi, 2015 (c), M. agonista Suffrian, 1866 (d), M. corruptus Suffrian, 1866 (e), M. albipes Suffrian, 1866 (f), M. longicornis Sassi, 2018 (g), M. kollari (Perty, 1832) (h). scI–IV: sclerites I–IV of endophallus. Only the sclerites discussed in the text have been highlighted with abbreviations. Not to same scale.
FIGURES 5–7. Distribution maps for Metallactus generosus species-group. M. generosus Suffrian, 1866 in Revision of the Metallactus generosus species-group with a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the endophallus morphology in distinguishing critical sibling species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)
FIGURES 5–7. Distribution maps for Metallactus generosus species-group. M. generosus Suffrian, 1866 (5); M. argentinensis Jacoby, 1907 (6); M. nigroplagiatus new species (7). Grey square: hypothetical location for specimen labelled from 'Brazil'.
FIGURE 4. Frontal view. Metallactus generosus Suffrian, 1866 in Revision of the Metallactus generosus species-group with a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the endophallus morphology in distinguishing critical sibling species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)
FIGURE 4. Frontal view. Metallactus generosus Suffrian, 1866 (a); M. argentinensis Jacoby, 1907 (b); M. nigroplagiatus new species (c).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.