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220 results for “soft corals”
Fig. 15 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 15. Kotatea kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101538), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck.
Fig. 1 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 1. Collection sites of specimens of Kotatea gen. nov. and Ushanaia gen. nov. Holotype collection sites are indicated by white symbols, paratypes and other material by black symbols. In the case of K. aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov., the type collection site refers to that described by Quoy & Gaimard (1833). A. Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands. B. Far northern NZ, from Piwhane/Spirits Bay to the Poor Knights Islands. C. Northern NZ, from the Mokohinau Islands to East Cape. D. Central NZ, Cook Strait to Banks Peninsula. E. South-East NZ, Fiordland. Note that the holotypes of K. kapotaiora gen. et sp. nov. and K. teorowai gen. et sp. nov. share the same collection site.
Fig. 14. Preserved specimens. A in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 14. Preserved specimens. A. Kotatea kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov. B. K. niwa gen. et sp. nov. C. K. kapotaiora gen. et sp. nov. Note that MAGNT C015224 and NIWA 58543 contain additional fragments that are not depicted. * = holotype.
Fig. 10 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 10. Kotatea aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 54766), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base interior. B. Polyps (in situ).
Fig. 18 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 18. Selected preserved specimens of Kotatea lobata gen. et sp. nov. Note that NIWA 142995, NIWA 101740 and NIWA 108960 contain additional fragments that are not depicted. * = holotype.
Fig. 9 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 9. Kotatea aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. (NIWA 54766), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior. H. Base surface.
Fig. 6 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 6. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ).
Fig. 17 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 17. Kotatea kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101538), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ).
Fig. 8 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 8. Selected preserved specimens of Kotatea aurantiaca gen. et comb. nov. Note that most specimen lots include small additional fragments that are not depicted and NIWA 101181 comprises a total of 67 similar colonies, all of which were examined.
Fig. 5 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 5. Kotatea amicispongia gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 156312), SEMs of sclerites. A. Collaret and points. B. Distal points. C. Tentacles. D. Polyp neck. E. Polyp mound. F. Lobe surface. G. Lobe interior.
Fig. 4 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 4. In situ photographs of species of Kotatea gen. nov. usually possessing robust lobes. A. K. kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., paratype (MAGNT C013955), Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands, photo by Coral Reef Research Foundation. B. K. kurakootingotingo gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101538) with polyps retracted, Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands, photo by NIWA. C. K. lobata gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NIWA 101313), Houhora Harbour, photo by NIWA. D. K. lobata gen. et sp. nov. (paratype NIWA 101268 / MAGNT C013956), Mokohinau Islands, photo by Coral Reef Research Foundation. E–F. K. lobata gen. et sp. nov. exposed at low tide underneath rock overhangs, large colony (paratype, AK 120774) at Muriwai Beach (E) and small colony (uncollected specimen) at Whatipu Beach (F), photos by Wilma Blom, Auckland War Memorial Museum. Scale bars = ~3 cm.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/a141fa76-cc88-4901-944a-306171e41413">https://bionomia.net/dataset/a141fa76-cc88-4901-944a-306171e41413</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/a141fa76-cc88-4901-944a-306171e41413">https://gbif.org/dataset/a141fa76-cc88-4901-944a-306171e41413</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 2 in The soft-coral associated pistol shrimp Synalpheus neomeris (De Man) (Decapoda: Alpheidae) defends its host against nudibranchs in Okinawa, Japan
Fig. 2. Feeding behaviour of Tritonia sp. on polyps of the soft coral Dendronephthya hyalina, in the aquarium. A, Tritonia sp. continued feeding on polyps of D. hyalina in the absence of Synalpheus neomeris; B, Tritonia sp. is being attacked by S. neomeris (1) and leaves the D. hyalina colony soon after (2–4). Scale bar = 10 mm
Fig. 3 in The soft-coral associated pistol shrimp Synalpheus neomeris (De Man) (Decapoda: Alpheidae) defends its host against nudibranchs in Okinawa, Japan
Fig. 3. Behaviour of Dermatobranchus caeruleomaculatus observed in the field. A, On 16 November 2011, D. caeruleomaculatus continued feeding on the polyps of D. hyalina in the absence of pistol shrimps; B, On 7 April 2012, Synalpheus neomeris (encircled) attacked D. caeruleomaculatus, which immediately stopped feeding on D. hyalina polyps; C, Six colonies of Dendronephthya hyalina collected on 7 April 2012; arrow pointing to observed colony. Scale bar = 10 mm.
Fig. 1 in The soft-coral associated pistol shrimp Synalpheus neomeris (De Man) (Decapoda: Alpheidae) defends its host against nudibranchs in Okinawa, Japan
Fig. 1. Collection sites of soft coral, pistol shrimps and nudibranchs: Oura Bay, Okinawa Island, Japan (26°32ʹN, 128°03ʹE). The octocoral Dendronephthya hyalina, the pistol shrimp Synalpheus neomeris, and the nudibranchs, Tritonia sp. and Dermatobranchus caeruleomaculatus, were collected in the inner part of the bay at a depth range of 15 to 30 m.
Photophysiology and molecular responses of the soft coral Sarcophyton cf glaucum exposed to heat and high light stress
<p>An experiment testing different temperatures (26 vs 32 ºC) and light intensities (high light HL and low light LL, ∼662 and 253 µmol photons m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) was carried out using the soft coral <em>Sarcophyton</em> cf <em>glaucum</em> (leather coral) as model species.</p> <p>In summary, corals were exposed to the different light intensities for 30 days (Photoacclimation, time-point 1) and a subsequent marine heatwave simulation was carried out for 10 days (Marine heatwave, time-point 2). Subsequently, corals were returned to control temperature and allowed to recover for 30 days (Recovery, time-point 3). Photophysiological performance (maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), a measure of photosynthetic activity; dark-level fluorescence (F<sub>0</sub>), as a proxy of chlorophyll <em>a</em> content; and zooxanthellae density) and stress biomarkers (total protein, catalase - CAT, superoxide dismutase - SOD, glutathione-S-transferase - GST, total antioxidant capacity - TAC, lipid peroxidation - LPO, ubiquitin - UBI, and heat shock protein 70 - Hsp70) were assessed in corals at these three time-points.</p>
Physiology of the widespread pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata is affected by food sources, but not by water flow
<p>Coral energy and nutrient acquisition strategies are complex and sensitive to environmental conditions such as water flow. While high water flow can enhance feeding in hard corals, knowledge about the effects of water flow on the feeding of soft corals, particularly those pulsating, is still limited. In this study, we thus investigated the effects of feeding and water flow on the physiology of the pulsating soft coral <em>Xenia</em> <em>umbellata</em>. We crossed three feeding treatments i) no feeding, ii) particulate organic matter [POM] as phytoplankton, and iii) dissolved organic carbon [DOC] as glucose, with four water volume exchange rates (200, 350, 500 and 650 Lh<sup>-1</sup>) over 15 days. Various ecophysiological parameters were assessed including pulsation rate, growth rate, isotopic and elemental ratios of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as well as photo-physiological parameters of the Symbiodiniaceae (cell density, chlorophyll-<em>a</em> and mitotic index). Water flow had no significant effect but feeding had a substantial impact on the physiology of the <em>X. umbellata </em>holobiont. In the absence of food, corals exhibited significantly lower pulsation rates, lower Symbiodiniaceae cell density, and lower mitotic indices compared to the fed treatments, yet significantly higher chlorophyll-<em>a</em> per cell and total N content. Differences were also observed between the two feeding treatments, with significantly higher pulsation rates and lower chlorophyll-a per cell in the DOC treatment, but higher C and N content in the POM treatment. Our findings suggest that the <em>X. umbellata</em> holobiont can be viable under different trophic strategies, though favouring mixotrophy. Additionally, the physiology of the <em>X. umbellata</em> may be regulated through its own pulsating behaviour without any positive nor negative effects from different water flow. Thus, this study contributes to our understanding of soft coral ecology, particularly regarding the competitive success and widespread distribution of <em>X. umbellata</em>.</p>
Physiology of the widespread pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata is affected by food sources, but not by water flow
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FIGURE 4. Incrustatus comauensis n. gen., n in A new genus of soft coral (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Clavulariidae) from Chile
FIGURE 4. Incrustatus comauensis n. gen., n. sp.: a–d, sclerites of paratype RMNH Coel. 33865; e–g, sclerites of paratype RMNH Coel. 33866; d, from polyp, others from coenenchyme; a, e, radiates; b, f, ovals; c, g, sclerites with sculpture of the outer surface rounded and smoother. Scale 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 3. Incrustatus comauensis n. gen., n in A new genus of soft coral (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Clavulariidae) from Chile
FIGURE 3. Incrustatus comauensis n. gen., n. sp., sclerites of holotype RMNH Coel. 33864: b, end view of sclerite; f, from polyps; others from coenenchyme. Scale 0.05 mm.
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