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72 results for “soft tissue preservation”
Fig. 3 in Soft-Tissue Vessels and Cellular Preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex
Fig. 3. SEM images of aldehyde-fixed vessels. (A) Isolated vessel from T. rex. (B) Vessel isolated from extant ostrich after demineralization and collagenase digestion (3). (C) Vessel from T. rex, showing internal contents and hollow character. (D) Exploded T. rex vessel showing small round microstructures partially embedded in internal vessel walls. (E) Higher magnification of a portion of T. rex vessel wall, showing hypothesized endothelial nuclei (EN). (F) Similar structures visible on fixed ostrich vessel. Striations are seen in both (E) and (F) that may represent endothelial cell junctions or alternatively may be artifacts of the fixation/dehydration process. Scale bars in (A) and (B), 40 um; in (C) and (D), 10 um; in (E) and (F), 1 um.
Figure 3 in Mechanisms of soft tissue and protein preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex
Figure 3. SR-FTIR full spectra of isolated T. rex vascular tissue and chicken type I collagen (no treatment). All key bands for the identification of protein (Amide I, Amide II, Amide III) are present in the dinosaur tissue spectrum. The T. rex spectrum also presents a strong non-peptide carbonyl (C=O) band at 1739 cm−1 and a carbohydrate band at ~1010 cm−1.
Figure 5 in Mechanisms of soft tissue and protein preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex
Figure 5. SR-FTIR analysis of T. rex vascular tissue, NaBH4 reduced T. rex vascular tissue, chicken type I collagen without treatment, and chicken type I collagen treated with Fenton reagent and iron-catalysed glycation. (a,b) Average FTIR spectra in the non-peptide carbonyl and protein amide I regions for all five samples. (a) Significant reduction in the non-peptide carbonyl band follows treatment of T. rex vascular tissue with NaBH4, which reduces (immature) peptide crosslinks. The blue-shifted Amide I band of the dinosaur tissue, Fenton reagent-treated chicken type I collagen, and Fe-catalysed glycation-treated chicken type I collagen indicate increasing α-helix structure (~1660 cm−1) as the higher-energy triple-helix and intermolecular sub-bands (see Fig. 1 for method of identification) increasingly predominate the spectra. The development of aldehydic carbonyl, ketoaldehyde, and/or immature ketoimine bands in both treated chicken tissues is consistent with the strong carbonyl band in the dinosaur tissue.
Figure 1. Amide I in Mechanisms of soft tissue and protein preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex
Figure 1. Amide I sub-band localisation of untreated and treated chicken type I collagen in SR-FTIR spectra. Sub-bands (β-sheet, ~1633 cm−1; triple-helix, ~1658–1660 cm−1; intermolecular, ~1683–1690 cm−1) are indicated in the figures. Red traces denote second derivatives of experimental curves. Although the intermolecular sub-band typically presents at lower wavenumber, the identified value was the nearest local minimum in each of the second derivative traces and consistently appears across all samples; therefore, in this sample, the intermolecular sub-band was indexed at 1697–1699 cm−1.
Data from: A new ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Judith River Formation of Montana, USA, based on an exceptional skeleton with soft tissue preservation
The terrestrial Judith River Formation of northern Montana was deposited over an approximately 4 Myr interval during the Campanian (Late Cretaceous). Despite having been prospected and collected continuously by palaeontologists for over a century, few relatively complete dinosaur skeletons have been recovered from this unit to date. Here we describe a new genus and species of ankylosaurine dinosaur, Zuul crurivastator, from the Coal Ridge Member of the Judith River Formation, based on an exceptionally complete and well-preserved skeleton (ROM 75860). This is the first ankylosaurin skeleton known with a complete skull and tail club, and it is the most complete ankylosaurid ever found in North America. The presence of abundant soft tissue preservation across the skeleton, including in situ osteoderms, skin impressions and dark films that probably represent preserved keratin, make this exceptional skeleton an important reference for understanding the evolution of dermal and epidermal structures in this clade. Phylogenetic analysis recovers Zuul as an ankylosaurin ankylosaurid within a clade of Dyoplosaurus and Scolosaurus, with Euoplocephalus being more distantly related within Ankylosaurini. The occurrence of Z. crurivastator from the upper Judith River Formation fills a gap in the ankylosaurine stratigraphic and geographical record in North America, and further highlights that Campanian ankylosaurines were undergoing rapid evolution and stratigraphic succession of taxa as observed for Laramidian ceratopsids, hadrosaurids, pachycephalosaurids and tyrannosaurids.
Data from: A new ophiocistioid with soft-tissue preservation from the Silurian Herefordshire Lagerstätte, and the evolution of the holothurian body plan
Reconstructing the evolutionary assembly of animal body plans is challenging when there are large morphological gaps between extant sister taxa, as in the case of echinozoans (echinoids and holothurians). However, the inclusion of extinct taxa can help bridge these gaps. Here we describe a new species of echinozoan, Sollasina cthulhu, from the Silurian Herefordshire Lagerstätte, UK. S. cthulhu belongs to the ophiocistioids, an extinct group that shares characters with both echinoids and holothurians. Using physical-optical tomography and computer reconstruction, we visualize the internal anatomy of S. cthulhu in three dimensions, revealing inner soft tissues that we interpret as the ring canal, a key part of the water vascular system that was previously unknown in fossil echinozoans. Phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that Sollasina and other ophiocistioids represent a paraphyletic group of stem holothurians, as previously hypothesized. This allows us to reconstruct the stepwise reduction of the skeleton during the assembly of the holothurian body plan, which may have been controlled by changes in the expression of biomineralization genes.
A new marrellomorph arthropod from southern Ontario: A rare case of soft tissue preservation on a late Ordovician open marine shelf
<p>Ordovician open marine lagerstätten are relatively rare and widely dispersed, producing a patchy picture of the diversity and biogeography of non-mineralized marine organisms, and challenging our understanding of the fate of Cambrian groups. Here, for the first time, we report soft-bodied fossils, including a well-preserved marrellomorph arthropod, fragmentary carapaces, and macroalgae, from the late Ordovician (Katian) Upper Member of the Kirkfield Formation near Brechin, Ontario. The unmineralized elements and associated exceptionally preserved shelly biota were entombed rapidly in storm deposits that smothered the shallow, carbonate-dominated shelf. The marrellomorph, <em>Tomlinsonus dimitrii</em> gen. et sp. nov., is remarkable for its ornate, curving cephalic spines and pair of hypertrophied appendages, suggesting a slow-moving, benthic lifestyle. Re-evaluation of marrellomorph phylogeny using new data favours an arachnomorph affinity, though internal relationships are robust to differing outgroup selection. Clades Marrellida and Acercostraca are recovered, but the monophyly of Marrellomorpha is uncertain. The new taxon is recovered as sister to the Devonian <em>Mimetaster</em>, and, as the second youngest known marrellid, bridges an important gap in the evolution of this clade. More generally, the Brechin biota represents a rare window into Ordovician open marine shelf environments in Laurentia, representing an important point of comparison with contemporaneous lagerstätten from other paleocontinents, with great potential for further discoveries.</p>
cranial feathers; 6, proximal part of neck feathers; 7, distal part of humeral feathers; 8, distal part of humeral feathers; 9 and 10, membranous soft tissue near digit II; 11, membranous soft tissue near digit IV; 12, middle part of tibial feathers. in A bizarre Jurassic maniraptoran theropod with preserved evidence of membranous wings
cranial feathers; 6, proximal part of neck feathers; 7, distal part of humeral feathers; 8, distal part of humeral feathers; 9 and 10, membranous soft tissue near digit II; 11, membranous soft tissue near digit IV; 12, middle part of tibial feathers.
elliptical eumelanosomes in the feathers near the skull (b, c), neck (d, e), humerus (f, g), and ulna (h, i, j); and large oval and elliptical eumelanosomes in the feathers near the tibiotarsus (k, l). The subspherical phaeomelanosomes in the sheet-like soft tissue (m) appear to be less densely distributed than the melanosomes in the feathers. in A bizarre Jurassic maniraptoran theropod with preserved evidence of membranous wings
elliptical eumelanosomes in the feathers near the skull (b, c), neck (d, e), humerus (f, g), and ulna (h, i, j); and large oval and elliptical eumelanosomes in the feathers near the tibiotarsus (k, l). The subspherical phaeomelanosomes in the sheet-like soft tissue (m) appear to be less densely distributed than the melanosomes in the feathers.
Data from: Three-dimensional soft tissue preservation revealed in the skin of a non-avian dinosaur
<p>The most commonly preserved soft tissues associated with ornithischian dinosaurs are skin remains. The apparent resistance of hadrosaur skin to decay, and its abundance in the fossil record relative to that of other tetrapods, has been attributed to factors such as thickness and composition. Here we report additional intrinsic factors within hadrosaur skin: 3D‐preserved eumelanin‐bearing bodies, dermal cells and blood vessel fragments in an organic matrix composed of protein fossilization products. The skin is much thinner than that of living mammals of similar size. It is likely that the preservation of hadrosaur skin is related to the arrangement of the layers composing it.</p>
Soft Tissue Graft Versus Acellular Dermal Matrix in Preservation of Buccal Plate of Bone
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06229561. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effect of Laser Photocoagulation on the Soft Tissue Healing During Socket Preservation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04353999. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Data from: Three-dimensional soft tissue preservation revealed in the skin of a non-avian dinosaur
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Data from: Three-dimensionally preserved soft-tissues and calcareous hexactins in a Silurian sponge: implications for early sponge evolution.
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Data from: A new ophiocistioid with soft-tissue preservation from the Silurian Herefordshire Lagerstätte, and the evolution of the holothurian body plan
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A new marrellomorph arthropod from southern Ontario: A rare case of soft tissue preservation on a late Ordovician open marine shelf
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Data from: A new ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Judith River Formation of Montana, USA, based on an exceptional skeleton with soft tissue preservation
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Data from: Buoyancy mechanisms limit preservation of coleoid cephalopod soft tissues in Mesozoic Lagerstätten
Coleoid cephalopods are characterized by internalization of their shell, and are divided into the ten-armed Decabrachia (squids and cuttlefish) and the eight-armed Vampyropoda (octopuses and vampire squid). They have a rich fossil record predominantly of the limited biomineralized skeletal elements they possess: arm hooks, statoliths, mouthparts (the buccal mass) and internal shell (gladius or pen), although exquisitely preserved soft tissue coleoids are known from several Lagerstätten worldwide. Recent studies have shown that although morphological similarities between extant decabrachian gladii and fossil examples exist, no known examples of fossil decabrachians are currently known. However, molecular clock data and phylogenetic bracketing suggest that they should be present in Lagerstätten that are rich in vampyropod soft tissue fossils (i.e. Hâkel and Hâdjoula Lagerstätten, Cretaceous, Lebanon). We propose that a hitherto unknown taphonomic bias pertaining to the differing methods of buoyancy control within coleoid groups limits preservation potential. Both negatively and neutrally buoyant decabrachians use chemical buoyancy control (ammonia) whereas vampyropods do not. In the event of rapid burial in an environment conducive to exceptional preservation, ammonia dramatically decreases the ability of the decabrachian carcass to generate the required pH for authigenic calcium phosphate replacement, limiting its preservation potential. Moreover, the greater surface area and comparatively fragile dermis further decrease the potential for fossilization. This taphonomic bias may have contributed to the lack of preserved labile soft-tissues in other cephalopods groups such as the ammonoids.
Fig. 1 in Soft-tissue preservation in the Lower Cambrian linguloid brachiopod from South China
Fig. 1. The lophophore of Lingulellotreta malongensis from the Yu'anshan Member of the Qiongzhusi (Chiungchussu) Formation, Lower Cambrian, China. A. ELI L−0014A, dorsal view of ventral interior, showing lophophore, with a series of definitive filaments, three−dimensionally preserved in a lamina of sediment between valves. B. ELI L−0033, showing paired imprints of brachia and depression of distinctive visceral cavity. C. ELI L−0052A, a specimen strongly compressed, showing lophophore with filaments. D. ELI L−0056A. D1, parallel specimen with straight pedicle strongly compressed, and with paired spiral brachial imprints; D2, details of the brachial imprints of D1. E. ELI L−0073, a lateral oblique view of strongly compressed specimen, showing detail of a hollow brachial tube. F. ELI L−0101, lateral oblique view of the lophophore three−dimensionally preserved in sediment in valves. G. ELI L−0081, a parallel, possible juvenile specimen strongly compressed; note the relatively small brachia. Scale bars 2 mm. See Fig. 2 for some interpretations.
Fig. 5 in Soft-tissue preservation in the Lower Cambrian linguloid brachiopod from South China
Fig. 5. Lingulellotreta malongensis from the Chengjiang Fauna, reconstruction of the internal morphology based on ELI L−0014 and ELI L−0017, showing disposition of lophophore and digestive tract, and location of measurements indicated in Table. 1. Abbreviations: L, length of the shell; Lb, length of the body; Ll, length of the lophophore; Ls, length of the dorsal valve; Wl, width of the lophophore; Ws, width of the shell. Scale bar 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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OpenNeuro
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